Toom Tabard

Edward controls Scotland

Reminder: Why did Balliol lose his position as King?

• Balliol had accepted Ed I as Overlord; ‘Puppet King’

• Balliol refused to help Edward fight France & made alliance with French

• Balliol withdrew homage to Edward• Edward defeated Balliol at Dunbar• Edward stripped Balliol of his crown & title

Toom Tabard

Balliol was imprisoned in the Tower of London

Edward held a ceremony in which he:• Renounced the treaty made with France• Ripped Balliol’s royal crest from his jacket

and threw it on the floor• Toom Tabard – Empty Coat• Removed Balliol’s crown • Broke Balliol’s seal of office

What eventually became of Balliol…

• After a request from the Pope he was sent to France in 1299

• 1301 he was released to live on his land in France

• Many Scots hoped he would return to Scotland

• However, he died in France in 1313

Edward takes control of Scotland

With Balliol in prison Robert Bruce asked Edward to make him King of Scots

Edward replied

Have we nothing else to do but win Kingdoms for you

Activity

Using the information you see and hear, complete your twitter template from Edward I’s perspective. I have:

•Included 8 tweets

•Used my own words

•Used no more than 140 letters per tweet

•Added a key ‘#’ to each tweet to help me remember the evidence.

Edward takes control of Scotland

Edward did MANY things to show he controlled Scotland

1. Ragman Roll

2000 important Scots were made to sign an oath of loyalty to Edward

Edward takes control of Scotland

2. Nobles imprisoned

Balliol and many Scottish leaders were imprisoned in England.

Edward takes control of Scotland

3. Hostages

Edward had taken the sons and relations of other noblemen to England to make sure they did what he wanted.

Edward takes control of Scotland

4. Important Scots documents taken to England so Edward could rule Scotland

Edward takes control of Scotland

5. Castles

Edward had given Englishmen control over important Scottish castles.

Edward takes control of Scotland

6. Symbols of Scottish Nationhood were taken to England

1) Stone of Destiny

Taken to Westminster Abbey

2) Holyrood of St Margaret

Taken to Westminster Abbey

Edward takes control of Scotland

7. Government: English officials appointed to control Scotland

John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey – ‘Keeper of Scotland’

Hugh Cressingham – Treasurer (controlled finances)

Sir Walter of Amersham – Chancellor

Sir William Ormesby – Chief Justice

Edward takes control of Scotland

8. Church: Edward promoted Englishmen in the Scottish Church.

Englishmen got the best jobs in the Scottish Church. Scottish bishops continued to resist Edward.

Source A is an extract from ‘Warfare in Medieval Europe’ by

historian Emily Burnett and published in 1977.

Edward tried to destroy Scotland’s national

identity, just as he had done to Wales in 1282.

The Stone of Destiny, on which the Scottish Kings

were crowned, was taken to London, along with

the Scottish crown. English writers of the time no

longer referred to ‘the Kingdom of Scotland’,

instead the term ‘the land of Scotland’ was used.

Assess the usefulness of Source A as evidence of the ways in which Edward took control of Scotland? (5)