Tim Stonor_SMART modelling
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Transcript of Tim Stonor_SMART modelling
SMART modellingDeveloping an Urban BIM
NBS Live
London4th November 2014
Tim StonorArchitect & Urban Planner
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
What is a Smart City?
How can a Smart City be planned & governed?
Where is the place for technology in the Smart City?
Part One The “Smart” context
Tim StonorIntegrated Urbanism Space Syntax © 2014
Part Two The UK Smart & Future City effort
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
The legacy of uban failure
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
How people live
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Beware fanciful ideas
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Embrace the new science of cities
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Avoid introverted architecture
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Plan at a human scale Construct an Urban BIM
Special project development guidelines
Primary routesLand use mixCommercial 30%Residential 65%Social Infrastructure 5%
FAR 4.5
Plot coverage (ground) 80 – 100%Plot coverage (upper) 50 – 75%
Building height 5 – 7
Secondary routesLand use mixCommercial 10%Residential 75%Social Infrastructure 15%
FAR 3.0
Plot coverage (ground) 70 – 80%Plot coverage (upper) 50 – 60%
Building height 4 – 5
Self organising development guidelines
Plot areaFAR60 - 99 sq m 1.0100 – 299 sq m 3.0300 – 599 sq m 4.0600+ sq m 5.0
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
data porn
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
The new art of urban data science
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y = .784x + 2.147, R-squared: .589
Spatial accessibility
Ped
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mo
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Spatial accessibility
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y = 1.235x + 1.048, R-squared: .702
Veh
icle
mo
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@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Sense
Map
Analyse
React
Test
…
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Sense
Map
Analyse
React
Test
…
S
M
A
R
T
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
1. Focus on space The data framework
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Space Syntax Spatial Layout Accessibility
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Courtesy of The TLRN Central London Pedestrian Study by Atkins
80% retail located on 20% most spatially accessible streets
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Trafalgar Square, London
Observe Explain
Forecast Deliver
Tim StonorIntegrated Urbanism Space Syntax © 2014
Darwin, Australia
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Disconnected Layout Spatial Accessibility Score = 35
Connected layout
Spatial Accessibility Score = 75
Disconnected Layout Connected Layout
Difference
IRR 15% 18% 3%
NPV $1.6 billion $1.1 billion $0.5 billion
Real estate value analysis 不動産価値の分析
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
2. Co-create between academia & industry
University College London Space Syntax
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
3. Focus on human outcomes
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
4. Model the impact of cities on resource flows
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
4. Model the impact of cities on resource flows
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
5. Model the impact of cities on the environment
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
1. Focus on space
2. Co-create between academia & industry
3. Focus on human outcomes
4. Model the impact of cities on resource flows
5. Model the impact of cities on the environment
Space Syntax Key lessons
Actions
Decisions
Consultations
Ideas for change
Uncertainties
People1.Behaviour2.Wealth3.Health4.Safety5.Cultural identity
Resources1.Materials2.Energy3.Finance4.Utilities supply5.Waste handling
Urban Form1.Spatial Form2.Physical Form- capacity- location- condition- value
v3
Environment1.Sun 2.Wind3.Rainfall4.Groundform5.Biodiversity
Data Mapping
Data Quantification
Map Urban Data Collective
Integrated platform for visualising performance dataHow is the place working?
Opportunities & Constraints
Creation of Conceptual Options
React Urban Strategy
Integrated urban policy and practiceWhat are the opportunities for change?
Test Urban Forecast Model
Scenario testing & performance forecastingHow will performance be affected by change?
Simulation & Optimisation of Options
Development of Preferred Option
UnderstandingsAnalyse Urban Performance Model
Integrated urban diagnostics: spatial analyticsWhy does the place work the way it does?
Urban Diagnosis
Issues, Objectives & Principles
SMART STEPSUSER INTERFACES
Decision groups
Data out
DATA INPUTS
1
2
3
4
5
6
Space Syntax © 2014
Sense
Health Wealth Happiness
Dat
a in
Behaviour change
Integrated Urban Model
Tim StonorSpatial layout as critical infrastructure
IGEBC UK SeminarSpace Syntax © 2014
Spatial Accessibility
High
Low
Spatial masterplanning Rapid design development & testing空間マスタープラン 迅速なデザイン検討と評価
Tim StonorSpatial layout as critical infrastructure
IGEBC UK SeminarSpace Syntax © 2014
Spatial Accessibility
High
Low
Spatial masterplanning Rapid design development & testing空間マスタープラン 迅速なデザイン検討と評価
Tim StonorSpatial layout as critical infrastructure
IGEBC UK SeminarSpace Syntax © 2014
Spatial Accessibility
High
Low
Spatial masterplanning Rapid design development & testing空間マスタープラン 迅速なデザイン検討と評価
Tim StonorSpatial layout as critical infrastructure
IGEBC UK SeminarSpace Syntax © 2014
Spatial Accessibility
High
Low
Spatial masterplanning Rapid design development & testing空間マスタープラン 迅速なデザイン検討と評価
Tim StonorSpatial layout as critical infrastructure
IGEBC UK SeminarSpace Syntax © 2014
Spatial Accessibility
High
Low
Spatial masterplanning Rapid design development & testing空間マスタープラン 迅速なデザイン検討と評価
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
GO-Science ForesightFuture of Cities
Future Cities/Transport Catapult/Demonstrators
Professional Institutes
UK Research Councils
UKTISmart Cities
Innovate UK Cities Programme
UK Cities & Citizens
Manufacturing, Construction, Consulting & Utilities Industries
Academic Institutions
British Standards/ Open Data Institute
GO-Science ForesightFuture of Cities
Smart Cities Ministerial ForumGovernment Depts.
UK Smart & Future Cities Strategy
英国貿易投資総省
英国研究会議
学術機関
製造、建設、コンサルティング、公益事業の各業界
未来都市、交通システムカタパルトの運動
各省庁のスマートシティ部門
英国のスマートシティ戦略
イノベーティブUKプログラム
英国の都市・市民
ビジネス・イノベーション・技能省
未来都市フォーサイト・プロジェクト
各専門家団体・組織
英国規格協会オープンデータ協会
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
GO-Science ForesightFuture of Cities
Future Cities/Transport Catapult/Demonstrators
Professional Institutes
UK Research Councils
UKTISmart Cities
Innovate UK Cities Programme
UK Cities & Citizens
Manufacturing, Construction, Consulting & Utilities Industries
Academic Institutions
British Standards/ Open Data Institute
GO-Science ForesightFuture of Cities
Smart Cities Ministerial ForumGovernment Depts.
UK Smart & Future Cities Strategy
The Future of Cities Foresight ProjectOverview
Project aimProvide central and local
government with an evidence base to support decisions in the short term which will lead to positive outcomes for cities in the long term.
Spatial scalesUK system of cities and city
systems.
Time horizons2040, 2065.
1. In which locations, and in what numbers, are people going to live, work and take leisure?
2. What forms of movement will exist to connect people together?
3. What flows of resources will need to occur - for example with energy, water and waste – to support human behaviour patterns?
4. What technologies will exist to support these interactions?
5. What impacts will these have on the natural environment?
6. How will future places be funded?
7. How will decisions be made to address each of these questions?
The Future of Cities Foresight ProjectKey urban policy questions
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
GO-Science ForesightFuture of Cities
Future Cities/Transport Catapult/Demonstrators
Professional Institutes
UK Research Councils
UKTISmart Cities
Innovate UK Cities Programme
UK Cities & Citizens
Manufacturing, Construction, Consulting & Utilities Industries
Academic Institutions
British Standards/ Open Data Institute
GO-Science ForesightFuture of Cities
Smart Cities Ministerial ForumGovernment Depts.
UK Smart & Future Cities Strategy
Copyright © 2012 BSI. All rights
reserved.
oExisting standards mapped onto smart city model
✓ Mostly Technical: “What”
needs to be done to implement
✓ Some Process: “How” actions and steps to be taken to implement
✓ Few Strategic: “Why”planning and management
guidance
www.bsigroup.com/smartcitymapping
Mapping smart city standards
Copyright © 2012 BSI. All rights
reserved.
ISO Advisory Group on
Smart Cities ISO/TC 268Sustainable
developmentin
communities
Strategic
Process
Technical
CurrentISO work
CurrentCEN work
ISO/IEC JTC1Study
Group onSmart Cities
IECSystems
EvaluationGroup on
Smart Cities
CENCENELEC
ETSICo-
ordinationGroup onSmart &
Sustainable,Cities &
Communities
CurrentIEC work
CurrentITU work
ISO/TC 268/SC 1Smart Community
Infrastructure
ITU-T Focus Group on
Smart,Sustainable
Cities
BSI Lead
International smart city standardisation activities
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
0. Spatial Layout
1. Movement
2. Land Use
3. Crime & Safety
4. Land Value
5. Carbon Emissions
Integrated Urban Model
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Darwin, Australia CBD Expansion
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Pedestrian movement Hourly average Weekday
Pedestrian movement
people per hour
800 - above500 - 800200 - 500100 - 20050 - 1000 - 50
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Darwin City: $1,525/m2
Larrakeyah: $1,230/m2
Stuart Park: $759/m2
The Gardens: $687/m2
(UCV taken from NT government data in 2011)
Building attraction Land values
5,000 to 200,0002,500 to 5,0002,000 to 2,5001,750 to 2,0001,500 to 1,7501,250 to 1,5001,000 to 1,250
750 to 1,000500 to 750250 to 500
0 to 250
Study area
Unimproved Capital Value (UCV) in $ per m2
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Building attraction Land use
Community
RetailResidentialMedicalStorageCateringOfficesEducationLeisureUnder constructionIndustryParking
Ground floor land use
ServicesHotelsVacantCivicAgricultureTransportEmpty or abandoned siteUtilitiesGreen open space
Study area
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Building attraction Building height
Study area
20 to above
6 to 93 to 521
10 to 15
Building storeys
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Transport attraction Bus routes & bus stops
Bus routes
Bus stops
Study area
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Transport attraction Parking zones & spaces
Parking space
Zone A ($2.20/hr for up to 2 hours)
Zone B ($1.60/hr for up to 3 hours)
Zone C ($1.10/hr or $6.50 full day)
15-minute zone (Free of charge)
Taxi zoneStudy area
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Building attraction Active frontages
Study area
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Spatial Layout Attraction
Spatial Accessibility
High
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Spatial Layout Attraction Masterplan design
@Tim_StonorSMART modelling Developing an Urban BIM
NBS LiveSpace Syntax © 2014
Darwin, Australia CBD Expansion