THERMAL INSULATION IN THE NEW ERATHERMAL INSULATION IN THE NEW ERA

INSULATION THICKNESS IN EUROPE INSULATION THICKNESS IN EUROPE ROOFS ROOFS

INSULATION THICKNESS IN EUROPE INSULATION THICKNESS IN EUROPE WALLS WALLS

ENERGY LOSSES IN EUROPE ENERGY LOSSES IN EUROPE ROOFS ROOFS

ENERGY LOSSES IN EUROPE ENERGY LOSSES IN EUROPE WALLS WALLS

THE NEW REALITYTHE NEW REALITY

• CO2 emissions increase due to increased energy consumption.CO2 emissions increase due to increased energy consumption.

• Result is climate change. Result is climate change.

• Result is even higher energy consumption. Result is even higher energy consumption.

• Closed loop effect. Closed loop effect.

• On top of that oil prices increased On top of that oil prices increased by 80%.by 80%.

THE ONLY RELIABLE SOLUTION IS PROPER THERMAL INSULATIONTHE ONLY RELIABLE SOLUTION IS PROPER THERMAL INSULATION

• Increased energy consumption in industry due to growth is inevitable.

• Decrease energy consumption in housing by efficient thermal insulation.

CALCULATION OF OPTIMUM INSULATION THICKNESSCALCULATION OF OPTIMUM INSULATION THICKNESS

BUILDING ENERGY LOSSESBUILDING ENERGY LOSSES

10%

THERMAL TRANSPORT MECHANISMSTHERMAL TRANSPORT MECHANISMS

• Conduction through material mass.

• Convention via gas phase movement.

• Radiation.

CONDUCTION THERMAL TRANSPORTCONDUCTION THERMAL TRANSPORT

HOT(lots of vibration)

COLD(not much vibration)

Heat travelsalong the rod

CONVENTION THERMAL TRANSPORT BY GAS PHASE CONVENTION THERMAL TRANSPORT BY GAS PHASE

CONVENTION THERMAL TRANSPORT – HOME RADIATORCONVENTION THERMAL TRANSPORT – HOME RADIATOR

THERMAL TRANSPORT VIA RADIATIONTHERMAL TRANSPORT VIA RADIATION

Increased temperature

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY λ THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY λ

MATERIAL

COPPER 330MARMOR / GRANITE 3BETON 1.8PLASTER 0.8BRICK 0.5WOOD OAK 0.2WOOD PINE 0.1

POLYURETHANE (Solid) 0.2POLYSTYRENE (Solid) 0.1

WATER 0.5

AIR ((dry / still) 0,023 *HFC 152a/134a 0.013CO2 0.014

? Kcal/m h C

IS AIR A THERMOINSULATING AGENT?IS AIR A THERMOINSULATING AGENT?

λ (dry / still) = 0.023 kcal / m h C

Thickness d (mm) λ

A 10 0.0652

I 50 0.23

R 100 0.5

d

Vertical Air Mass

Thickness d (mm) λ

10 0.0625

A I R d 20 0.12

50 0.26

Vertical Air Mass

THEORY OF THERMAL INSULATING MATERIALSTHEORY OF THERMAL INSULATING MATERIALS

Factors Affecting Factors Affecting λλ Value Of Cellular Plastic Materials Value Of Cellular Plastic Materials

1. Gas λ value (Humidity content )

2. Solid λ value

3. Cell structure

4. Percentage of closed cells

5. Diffusion of gases Chemical nature /permeability Cell size ( Small cells better than big cells) Skin Layer Geometry (Thicker = better) Conditions ( T and RH )

Types of Thermal InsulationTypes of Thermal Insulation

Cork

Glass Wool

EPS

XPS

Types of Thermal InsulationTypes of Thermal Insulation

HUMIDITY - THE WORST ENEMY OF THERMAL INSULATIONHUMIDITY - THE WORST ENEMY OF THERMAL INSULATION

28 days in water 28 days in humidity Product

λ Water λ Absorption λ Absorption (Kcal/hm°C) (Kcal/hm°C) Water (Kcal/hm°C) Water

EPS 12 Kg/m3 0.035 0% 0.048 12% 0.068 41%

EPS 25 Kg/m3 0.032 o% 0.041 6% 0.051 21%pressed

AplaXFoam XPS 32Kg/m3 0.025 0% 0.0255 0.40% 0.0272 2.26%

EFFECT OF HUMIDITY ON THE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF CELLULAR FOAMS

AT START

BASIC INSULATING MATERIALSBASIC INSULATING MATERIALS

BASIC INSULATING MATERIALSBASIC INSULATING MATERIALS

Dry condition / 100mm thick

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

AplaXFoam 32kg/m3 EPS 20kg/m3 Perlite Cement Board200kg/m3

R-V

alu

e (m

2 KW

)

BASIC INSULATING MATERIALSBASIC INSULATING MATERIALS

350

300

100

AplaXFoam AplaXFoam SL EPS 20kg/m3

Str

eng

ht

- k

Pa

AplaXFoam Products and EPS

BASIC INSULATING MATERIALSBASIC INSULATING MATERIALS

The retained thermal resistance after 18 months on the exterior foundation wall.

97%

71%

58%

AplaXFoam EPS Polyurethane

Retained Thermal Resistance

How the insulation acts when exposed to moisture.

BASIC INSULATING MATERIALSBASIC INSULATING MATERIALS

98%

77%85%

AplaXFoam EPS Polyurethane

Retained Thermal Resistance

BASIC INSULATING MATERIALSBASIC INSULATING MATERIALS

How insulations acts when exposed to moisture vapors.

93%

35%

18%

AplaXFoam EPS Polyurethane

Retained Thermal Resistance

BASIC INSULATING MATERIALSBASIC INSULATING MATERIALS

How the insulation acts when exposed to freeze - thaw cycling.

98.5%

30%

5.5%

AplaXFoam EPS Polyurethane

Retained Thermal Resistance

BASIC INSULATING MATERIALSBASIC INSULATING MATERIALS

• EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE

• FIBERS (GLASS - ROCK )

• EXTRUDED POLYSTYRENE

XPS – Extruded PolystyreneXPS – Extruded Polystyrene

• Implementation of up to date technology.• Excellent thermal insulation.• Low retention of water and humidity.• High mechanic resistance.• High compression resistance.• Dimensional stability.• Homogeneous density to mass.• Resistance to the action of acids and bases.• Insensitive to temperature variations.• Compatibility to materials used in constructions (cement, gypsum).• Easy to transport, cut and applied.• Self extinguishing properties.• Clean, odorless, non irritating to skin.

PROPERTIES STABLE THROUGH TIME

SELECTION OF INSULATION SYSTEM AND MATERIALSELECTION OF INSULATION SYSTEM AND MATERIAL

• Study and analysis of the total problem.

• Selection of the best solution.

• Assurance of properties for long time.

• Incorporation of all cost affecting parameters.

THE INSULATION OF FLAT ROOFS –INVERSED ROOF THE INSULATION OF FLAT ROOFS –INVERSED ROOF

• Insulation of flat roof with the traditional method

the insulation is under the waterproofing (EPS-STONEWOOL)

• Insulation of flat roofs with the inversed roof principal

the insulation is above the waterproofing material (XPS)

THE INSULATION OF FLAT ROOFS –TRADITIONAL ROOF THE INSULATION OF FLAT ROOFS –TRADITIONAL ROOF

THE INSULATION OF FLAT ROOFS –INVERSED ROOF THE INSULATION OF FLAT ROOFS –INVERSED ROOF

DAY NIGHT TEMP VARIATION FOR MEMBRANE DAY NIGHT TEMP VARIATION FOR MEMBRANE

Temperature Variation Day Night

-20

0

20

40

60

80

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Month

Tem

pera

ture

DAY NIGHT

FAQ FAQ FAQ FAQ FAQ FAQ FAQ FAQ FAQ FAQ FAQ FAQ FAQ FAQ

• For a facade what should I use: XPS or EPS or stone wool ?• Is polyurethane a bad insulating material ?• Is cellular cement a good insulating material ?• Is stone wool better than XPS as a thermal insulating material?• Is XPS a sound insulating material?• Is stone wool a good sound insulating material?• For a flat roof what thermal insulation should I use ?

Thank you!