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Thelimitsofspeed $ - edXdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/aero/Week03/AE1110x-8e-slid… · ·...
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Jamesdale10 CC BY Ir. Jos Sinke The limits of speed Introduc)on to Aeronau)cal Engineering
Transcript of Thelimitsofspeed $ - edXdelftxdownloads.tudelft.nl/aero/Week03/AE1110x-8e-slid… · ·...
Jamesdale10 -‐ CC -‐ BY
Ir. Jos Sinke
The limits of speed
Introduc)on to Aeronau)cal Engineering
Hypersonic flight
Very high skin (stagna=on) temperatures Special materials: -‐ Stainless steel -‐ Titanium alloys -‐ Special steel alloys
Material proper7es at high temperatures Typical performance degrada=on High-‐temperature materials maintain proper=es beGer
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400 800 1200
Fult Fyield
SR-‐71 Blackbird
P. Grayson -‐ CC -‐ BY -‐ NC -‐ ND
First flight: 1964 Fastest (non-‐experimental) aircraT: M > 3 >90% Titanium Leading edge > 400°C Cooling-‐down =me: 30 min
Concorde
Aluminium structure (max 127 °C) Limited to M < 2.02
Aero Icarus -‐ CC -‐ BY -‐ NC -‐ SA
Space materials
Special requirements: -‐ High temperature loading (reentry) -‐ Specific atmospheres (radia=on etc.)
Aero-‐thermodynamic
Radia=on
Conduc=on
Heat balance
qAero = qRad + qCon
Reentry from space
Capsules use abla=ve shields Surface sublimates, energy dissipates
Space shuBle TPS -‐ Thermal Protec=on System Temperature up to 1650°C during reentry
Astrowikizhang -‐ CC -‐ BY -‐ SA
Summary
Current limits: -‐ Speed record: Mach 6.72 (X-‐15) -‐ Al7tude record: 112 km (SpaceShipOne)
Special materials for high temperatures -‐ During supersonic/hypersonic flight -‐ During reentry from space
NASA Marshall Space Flight Centre CC -‐ BY -‐ NC
Rokits Xprize Galery CC -‐ BY -‐ SA
The limits of speed
