The trends of the LNG powered vessels · PDF fileThe trends of the LNG powered vessels ......
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The trends of the LNG powered vessels Joseph Kai-Ming YEN Section Manager Department of Planning CSBC Corporation, Taiwan August 18, 2015 App’s 102 nd Conference 1
Transcript of The trends of the LNG powered vessels · PDF fileThe trends of the LNG powered vessels ......
The trends of the LNG powered vessels
Joseph Kai-Ming YEN
Section Manager
Department of Planning
CSBC Corporation, Taiwan
August 18, 2015
App’s 102nd Conference
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Outline
Background and Key Drivers
Regulatory Framework and Class Requirements
The Development of the LNG powered vessels
LNG Bunkering
LNG Ready Now and Future
Conclusion
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Background and Key Drivers
LNG Properties
LNG supply and demand
LNG containment systems
Regulatory developments (ECAs, SECAs)
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Physical properties of LNG
Source: http://www.liquefiedgascarrier.com/LNG.html
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Flammability range for methane
Source: Foss 2003
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Multiple Safety layers Manage LNG Risk
Source：SEA Consulting, INC.
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LNG Supply and Demand
LNG from Gas Field to Pipeline System
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LNG Market 2005
Source：ABS August 2013
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LNG Market 2010
Source：ABS August 2013
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LNG Market 2015
Source：ABS August 2013
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Global Energy Systems transition
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Floating Platform Storage for LNG Source： eworldship.com Dec. 2013
FLNG(FPSO)
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Offshore LNG Facilities– FLNG Source： eworldship.com Dec. 2013
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Offshore LNG Facilities– FLNG, Source： eworldship.com Dec. 2013
Shell
Prelude
FLNG
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Offshore LNG Facilities– FLNG Source： eworldship.com Dec. 2013
Shell
Prelude
FLNG
Built by
Samsung SY
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Offshore LNG Facilities– FLNG (FPSO) Source： eworldship.com Dec. 2013
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Offshore LNG Facilities– FLNG (Round Type) Source： eworldship.com Jun. 2015
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Offshore LNG Facilities– FLNG Source： eworldship.com Jun. 2015
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LNG containment systems
Moss Sphere
GTT Membrane(Mark III, GTT NO 96 System, CS1)
IHI SPB
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Moss Spherical 5 Ball type
Moss Spherical Source：ABS
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GTT Membrane Mark III
GTT Membrane CS1
GTT Membrane Inner Structure
GTT NO 96 System, Source:GTT
Source：ABS
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GTT Membrane CS1 System
Invar tube
Flexible triplex joint
Polyurethane
foam panel
Inner hull
Top bridge pad Secondary
triplex membrane
Primary
invar membrane
Source：GTT
Studs
Resin
Ropes
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3 different types of membrane LNG Carrier
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IHI SPB System Source：IHI
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IHI SPB System LNG, Cargo Hold
Source：IHI
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Source： Jones
& Tveitnes
IHI SPB System LNG, Cargo Hold
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Regulatory developments (ECAs, SECAs)
Emission Control Areas, ECA
Sulfur Emission Control Areas, SECAs
NOx Emissions Control Area, NECA
EEDI (CO2 Emission Control )
Particle Emission Control
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Emission Control Areas, ECA
4 ECA area:
OECA zone 1 =Northern Europe
OECA zone 2 =USA, Canada
OECA zone 3 =Northern Mediterranean
OECA zone 4 =Singapore and Tokyo bay
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Emission Control Areas, ECA
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Emission Control Standard
SOx Emission Control：SEC (Sulphur Emission Control)
NOx Emission Control ：NEC (Noxious Emissions Control)
CO2 Emission Control ：EEDI (Energy Efficiency Design Index)
Particle Emission Control
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Sulfur Emission Control Areas, SECAs)
Today Marpol Annex VI: Global limit 4.5% Sulfur
SECAs limit 1.0% Sulfur
34 Source: ABS
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SOx Emissions Standard
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Source: Wartsila
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NOx Emissions Control Area, NECA
Tier II: 2011, 20% NOx reduction
Tier III: 2016, 80% NOx reduction
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Source: ABS
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NOx Emissions Standard
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Source: Wartsila
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Regulatory Framework and Class Requirements
Regulatory Framework: Emissions
IMO MARPOL Annex VI
Gaseous emissions
GHG
EU
Sulfur Directive 1999/32/EC
as amended…2012/33/EU
CARB
Oceangoing Vessel (OGV) fuel
regulation
EPA
40 CFRs
Source: ABS Aug, 2013, Taiwan
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Regulatory Framework: Safety
IMO Interim Guidelines on Safety for
Natural Gas-Fueled Engine Installations
in Ships (IMO Res. MSC.285(86))
IMO International Code for Safety for
Ships Using Gases or Other Low
Flashpoint Fuels (IGF Code)
International Code for the Construction
and Equipment of Ships Carrying
Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code)
Additional requirements may be imposed
by flag Administrations
Source: ABS Aug, 2013, Taiwan
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Regulatory Framework:Class Requirements
ABS Steel Vessel Rules
ABS Guides
ABS Guide for Dual Fuel Engines
ABS Guide for Propulsion Systems for LNG
Carriers
ABS Guide for Gas Fueled Ships
IACS
Unified Requirements M59 – Control and
Safety Systems for Dual Fuel Diesel Engines
PM6902 – Unified Requirement – Safety of
Diesel Engines Supplied with Low Pressure
Gas
Source: ABS Aug, 2013, Taiwan
IACS: International Association of Classification Societies,LTD
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MARPOL Annex VI: NOx & SOx Limits
Source: ABS
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Available ECA Compliance Options
SOx compliance
Low sulfur diesel fuel
Alternate fuels including LNG
After treatment – scrubbers
NOx compliance
Liquid fuel engines with EGR/SCR
LNG fuel
–May require EGR/SCR depending on type
Source: ABS Aug, 2013, Taiwan
EGR: Exhaust Gas Recirculation SCR: Scrubbers
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Two types of scrubber, dry and wet
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Two types of scrubber, dry and wet
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Scrubber wet type
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Scrubber dry type
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Scrubber installation Principle
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source: Green Ship of the Future – ECA emission study
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NABU: Scrubbers Must Be Rejected (Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union)
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Source:
http://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/139254/european-
shipowners-call-for-more-clarity-on-scrubbers/
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NABU: Scrubbers Must Be Rejected (Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union)
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source: http://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/139254/european-
shipowners-call-for-more-clarity-on-scrubbers/
1. Today round about 80 ships out of 55,000 worldwide
have scrubbers installed; according to industry
insiders up to 300 additional systems are on order
2. Open and hybrid scrubbers dominate the market,
closed loop systems barely exist
3. In particular small RoRo ferries, offshore service
ships but also cruise ships operate scrubbers.
4. The overall majority of the 14,000 ships sailing in
European SECAs every year switched to low sulphur
fuels (MGO) instead of installing scrubbers.
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Types of Ship Fuel
HFO (Heavy Fuel Oil)
DO (Diesel Oil)
MGO (Marine Gas Oil)
LNG (liquefied natural gas)
DFE：dual-fuel engine
BOG (Boil-off Gas)
• nBOG (natural boil-off gas)
• fBOG (force boil-off gas)
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LNG as Fuel Regulation
ISO standard (28460‐2010)
Installation and equipment for liquefied natural
gas — Ship‐to‐shore interface and port
operations (December 2010)
IMO Res. MSC.285(86) adopted in June 2009
Interim guidelines on safety for natural gas
fuelled engine installations in ships
Code for Gas Fuelled Ships (IGF code)
IMO started the development of the in 2009
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The LNG Fuel Approach
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Becoming more commonly considered
A solution to multiple emission issues
–SOx (and PM)
–NOx
–CO2
Regional expectation of low gas prices
–US Henry Hub index
–Europe/Asia oil based price index
Gas availability increasing
–US Shale Gas
Source: ABS Aug, 2013, Taiwan
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LNG refuel in Europe
Source：MARINTEK 53
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Development of the LNG powered vessels
World LNG Powered Vessels Development Trend
The Development Path for Gas Powered Marine
Engines
LNG tank arrangement
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When “LNG Ready”, Becomes “LNG”
Source：航運交易公報 2015-06-02
World LNG Powered Vessels Development Trend
Operation
On Order
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The Development Path for Gas Powered Marine Engines
Source：Wartsila 56
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Duel Fuel Engine Development
(Source: DIESELFACTS
on 2/2013))
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HP 2 stoke DF engine testing:
MAN: 4T50ME-X-GI (2011- 5)
HHI: 6S70ME-C-GI (2012-11)
MES: 7S70ME-C-GI (2013-2)
HHM & CMD: Test Bed Ready
(2015-June/July)
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Duel Fuel Engine Development
(Source: TradeWinds on 22 Nov.2013)
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LP 2 stroke DF engine testing:
Wartsila: RTX-5 (6 cylinders, bore
50,2013- 11)
Target:
DU: 6X72DF (2015-3)
YMCP: 6RT-flex 50DF (2015-6)
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Duel Fuel Engine Development
(Source: Wartsila)
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LNG as Fuel Systems
Source: ABS Aug, 2013, Taiwan
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LNG tank arrangement
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(Source：DNV)
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LNG tank arrangement
(Source：DNV)
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LNG tank arrangement
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(Source：GL)
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Duel Fuel of Ferry Bergensfjord
Source：MARINTEK 64
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LNG Tank FGSS & Engine Arrangement
(Source：ABS)
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The first vessel other than LNG carriers to use LNG as marine fuel
(Source：HHP Insight August 17, 2013 ) 66
Norwegian ferry Glutra, delivered in
2000, was the first vessel other than LNG
carriers to use LNG as marine fuel.
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The first GL-classed vessel with LNG as ship fuel
(Source：GL)
25.000 DWT product
tanker “Bit Viking”
will be converted to
run on LNG. The
vessel is owned by
Tarbit Shipping and
operated by Statoil.
Main engines will be
dual fuel engines
from Wärtsilä. The
vessel will have a
range of 12 days
with 2*500 m3 LNG-
tanks. Sea trials are
planned for May
2011.
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The first DNV GL『Gas Ready』Classed Container Vessel
(Source：DNV GL. May 11, 2015)
Barzan, the first in a
series of six 18,800
TEU container
vessels ordered by
UASC, was recently
named at Hyundai
Samho Heavy
Industries (HSHI)
in Mokpo, South
Korea. The vessel is
the first to receive
classification society
DNV GL’s new GAS
READY notation.
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Photo Source: https://www.vesselfinder.com/ship-photos/106894?s=1
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First two 3,100teu LNG-powered containerships
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(Source：MAN)
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LNG Bunkering
ISO announced LNG Bunker regulation
LNG Bunker Tanker Development
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Bunkering and Use of LNG
(Source：ABS, Aug. 2013, Taiwan)
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Bunkering and Use of LNG
(Source：ABS, Aug. 2013, Taiwan)
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ISO Announced LNG Bunker Regulation
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LNG Bunker Trunk Services in Harbor Area
Source：SEANEWS TURKEY 2013.03.08
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Keel Marine 75m LNGBunker Tanker。 Source：KEEL MARINE LIMITED 2015.03.10
LNG Bunker Tanker
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STX Built LNG Bunker Tanker
STX Built LNG Bunker Tanker 6500M3, Service in Holland.
Source：www. eworld.com 2015-02-10
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Wartsila 3,000M3 LNG Bunker Tanker
Source：Wartsila
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Wartsila 3,000M3 LNG Bunker Tanker
(Source：Wartsila)
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Seagas is to deliver as much as 70 tons of fuel daily –
nearly 50,000 gallons – to Viking Grace 。Operation
only one hour 。 Source：www.eworld.com 2013.03.28
LNG Bunker Tanker “Seagas”
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AGA’s Seagas, ‘the world’s first fueling vessel
for LNG. Karl Gabor photo。Source：www.eworld.com
2013.03.28
LNG Bunker Tanker “Seagas”
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Teekay Plans to provide East Asia LNG Bunker Services. Source：LNG Marine 2013.02.19
Teekay Develop LNG Bunker Tanker
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Sweden-based White Smoke Shipping, together with Delta Marine and Omega Marine of Turkey as well as Frederiet AB and Crew Chart Ship Management of Sweden, developed the WS3 project. Source：Green Car
Congress 2013.11.11
Sweden WS3 Type of 2,800M3LNGBunker Tanker
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Sweden Skangass 5,800M3 LNG Bunker Tanker, will Service for Baltic area in 2017。Source：瀾瑪資本
2015.01.10
Sweden Skangass LNG Bunker Tanker
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ABS Approved 2,000M3 LNG Bunker Tanker
Design 來源：國際船舶網，2014年3月14日
February 27, 2014. ABS Approved EBDG
(Elliott Bay Design Group) , Design 2,000M3 LNG
Bunker Tanker service in Seattle, USA.
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Early Concept of Teekay Developped LNG Bunker Tanker. Source：LNG Marine 2013.02.19
Teekay Develop LNG Bunker Tanker
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LNG America Bunker Tanker Lunched in 2015, will service in Mexican gulf Area。Source：www.eworld.com 2014.06.27
USA LNG Bunker Tanker
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China LNG Bunkering System for river use
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China’s first LNG Bunkering Station「Harbor Star(
海港星01號)」for river use, Source：China Jiangsu net,
2013.09.26
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China’s first LNG Bunkering Station「Harbor Star(
海港星01號)」for river use, Source：China Jiangsu net,
2013.09.26
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LNG Ready Now and Future
CSBC Trained to build LNG containment
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Welding in the Vertical position 91
CSBC Trained to use GTT Membrane Type
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92 Welding in the Vertical position
CSBC Trained to use GTT Membrane Type
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CSBC Trained to use GTT Membrane Type
Welding in the Horizontal position
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CSBC Trained to use GTT Membrane Type
The first layer of insulation
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CSBC Trained to use GTT Membrane Type
Vertical BHD and Tank top insulation
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Place Invar steel and weld
CSBC Trained to use GTT Membrane Type
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Vertical BHD and Ship side shell insulation
CSBC Trained to use GTT Membrane Type
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The first layer of insulation and invar steel
CSBC Trained to use GTT Membrane Type
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The second layer of insulation and invar steel
CSBC Trained to use GTT Membrane Type
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GAZ TRANSPORT Mock-up Certification
100
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Conclusions
(Source：ABS, Aug. 2013, Taiwan)
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Thank You for Listening
