THE SPANISH WEST AND SOUTHWEST

Teacher

RESPECT

Student

Student

WARM - UP

Name a few examples of times when mixing people of

different cultures led to conflict

Ms. Bernstein9 th Grade US History II

EXPANDING WEST

1810

Made up by California, New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas – all owned by Spain

Capital: Santa Fe

Missions: the center of colonial life in New Spain

NORTHERN NEW SPAIN

Missions: the center of colonial life in New Spain

Purpose: Used for religious purposes – to save pagan souls by converting them to Catholicism

American Indians lived on and worked the land under the supervision Catholic Priests

Supported themselves with no outside help into the 1800’s

MISSIONS

California

21 missions in California between San Diego to San Francisco

No more than one day’s travel between missions

Texas

40 missionsMission system

weaker in Texas than in California

Missions located far apart from one another

MISSIONS

Which groups do you predict will have problems

with one another?

Excessive fighting between settlers and Indians caused fewer Spanish settlers to go to Texas

Problem?

Solution: Spanish government offered land grants to settlers

Tejanos: Spanish settlers who lived in southern Texas

TEXAS

September 1810

Led by Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

80,000 poor American Indians and mestizos in Mexico joined in revolt against Spanish rule

MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE

1811 – rebels defeated and Father Hidalgo killed

1821 – rebellion continued under Agustin de Iturbide and defeated the Spanish

Gain independence – included land from Texas to California

MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE

Stephen F. Austin – hired by the Mexican government to bring people to Texas

Austin selected a colony site on the lower Colorado River and brought over 300 families to the area – these people were known as the “Old Three Hundred”

TEXAS AND MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE

Mexico set requirements for foreign immigrants – they had to become Mexican citizens, follow Mexican laws, and obey the Roman Catholic Church

By 1833, Texas wanted independence from Mexico, but Mexico refuses and passes laws to further alienate Texans

Austin calls for Texans to rebel

TEXAS AND MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE