The social system school

THE SOCIAL SYSTEM SCHOOL

OF MANAGEMENT THOUGHTS.

BYMANISHA VAGHELA

[email protected] 1BY:MANISHA VAGHELA

Flow of PresentationIntroductionDefinationsFeaturesAdvantagesDisadvantagesContribution Of BernardBibliographyThank You


INTRODUCTIONWHAT IS SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENTTHOUGHTS?

Management is one of the oldest arts dating back to the beginning of civilizations. With the beginning of industrial revolution the structure of trade and commerce became extremely complex. This laid the foundation of Modern Management Thought.. The stream of management has swelled with the rich contributions of various fields. As a result, different management theories have emerged. Each of these reflects a specialist angle of the contributors from a particular field.


CONTINUE…. The various approaches to study of

management are propounded by specialists from different fields have come to be called THE SCHOOLS OF MANAGEMENT THOUGTS.

On the basis of different beliefs and views each school tried to explain the nature and content of management. This leads to great confusion as it is difficult to categorize them into some groups.

Hence, In the year 1961, HAROLD KOONTZ identify 6 major schools of thoughts.


CONTINUE…. They are as follows…. 1)Management Process School 2)Empirical School 3)Human Behaviour School 4)Social System School 5)Decision School 6)Mathematical School


CONTINUE….SOCIAL SYSTEM SCHOOL

MANAGEMENT THOUGHT The SOCIAL SYSTEM SCHOOL mainly

developed in the SOCIAL SCIENCE ERA as well as in the MODERN MANAGEMENT ERA.

The Social System School is closely related to the Human Relations School or Human Behaviour Human Behaviour Schools. is its base.

The Pioneer of Social System Approach ( 1940-1950) also known as Founding Father of Social System School was VILFRED PARETO.


CONTINUE…. Pareto’S ideas were later on developed and

synthesized by CHESTER I. BERNARD, a Bell Telephone Executive also known as THE SPERITUAL FATHER Of Social System Schools.

It is a study and analysis of the concept of the individual social behaviour and the group behaviour as it affects the field of management.

This approach is similar to behavioural approach ,expect that it is more formal in nature. This approach extended implications of human relation approach further.


DEFINATIONS. An Organization as a co-operative system

involving collaboration and co-operation among a number of groups.

An Organization is essentially a cultural system composed of various groups of people who work in co-operation.

An Organization considered as a social system consisting of various groups of people working together for achievements of goals.

A system of cultural relationships in which co-operation and team spirit are necessary for achievement of organizational objectives.


CONTINUE…. A system of cultural inter relation ships which

is conceived as the co-operative interaction of ideas, forces, desires and thinking of a group of people.

A Social system is a study and analysis of the concept of the individual social behaviour and the group behaviour as it affects the field of management.

A co-operative system which is developed by understanding the behaviour of people in groups.


CONTINUE…. Social system is an entity or unit consisting of

various parts called sub-systems which are inter related or inter dependent.

Organization as co-operative system in which there are persons able to communicate with each other and who are willing to contribute towards a conscious common purpose.

Organization as system of consciously coordinated activities of two or more persons.


FEATURES. An organization is a social system i.e. of

cultural relationships and management concerned with the effectiveness of an organization must study.

Formal organization represents cultural relations ships of the social groups working within the organization.

Co-operation of the members working and the groups is essential and is core of good management.

Relationships exists between internal and external environments and changes.


CONTINUE…. Management has to direct its efforts towards

establishing harmony between the goals of the organization and the needs ,aims and aspirations of people comprising various groups in organization.

This concept has been attributable to theory of co-operation where by an individual tries to satisfy his biological, physical and social needs through co-operation with others.


ADVANTAGES.This approach is an important contribution in field of management.

Organization is a social system. Hence decisions should not be taken by considering one group, but all the groups are considered.

There are formal and informal organizations in management has to identify such informal groups and motivate them.

Both types of incentives i.e. financial and non financial are being prevailed to satisfy and encourage various groups working in an organization.


CONTINUE…. People come together to achieve ends which

they cannot accomplish working alone.Co-operative interaction of ideas, forces,

desires and thinking of a group of people takes place.


DISADVANTAGES. This approach lays emphasis only on social

relations but it does not consider physical aspects.

Social Science is one of the branches of the other sciences like mathematics, psychology, etc. Hence, management is a social science. So, this is limited concept.

Study of group behaviour is not only the aspect of the management.

People misuse the freedom of co-operation and communication provided to make harmonious relationships for achieving goals.


CONTRIBUTIONS OF BERNARD.

CONCEPT OF ORGANIZATIONS In his opinion organization exists when following

three conditions are fulfilled. 1)There are persons able to communicate with

each other. 2)They are willing to contribute to the action.

3)They attempt to accomplish a common purpose.


CONTINUE…. FORMAL And INFORMAL ORGANISATION.

Bernard suggests that executives should encourage the development of informal organization to serve as a means of communication. In managing organization manager should take into account both types of organizations.

ELEMENTS OF ORGANIZATION. According to Bernard there are four elements of a formal organization.

1)A system of logical decision making.


CONTINUE…. 2)A system of power which will lead group members to accept the decisions of executive.

3)A system of functionalisation so that people can specialize that is departmentation.

4)A system of effective and efficient incentives so as to induce people to contribute to group action.

AUTHORITY He has given a new concept of authority

which is termed “Acceptance Theory Of Authority.’’


CONTINUE…. Conditions of acceptance of Authority 1)Understanding of communication. 2)Communication is not inconsistent. MOTIVATION Bernard suggests that there should be both

types of incentives i.e. Formal and Informal prevailing in organization for motivation and better encouragement of people.

EFFECTIVE EXECUTIVE To make executive effective it needs high

order of responsible leadership (social skills, high calibre. )


BIBLIOGRAPHY. FUNDAMENTALS OF MANAGEMENT Y.K.BHUSHAN SULTANCHAND AND SONS

EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS, NEW DELHI. BUSINESS ORGANISATION AND

MANAGEMENT C.R.BASU TATA Mc GRAW HILL PUBLISHING

COMPANY LTD.,NEW DELHI. PRINCPILES OF MANAGEMENT T.J.RANA


CONTINUE…. PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES OF

MANAGEMENT L.M.PRASAD SULTANCHAND AND SONS ,NEW DELHI. PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT MEENAKSHI GUPTA PHI LEARNING PVT. LTD.NEW DELHI. ESSENTIALS OF MANAGEMENT P.N.REDDY, P.C.TRIPATHI HIMALAYA PUBLISHING HOUSE.


CONTINUE…. MANAGEMENT THEORY AND

PRACTICE J.S.CHANDAN HIMALAYA PUBLISHING HOUSE .


THANK YOU….

[email protected]

23BY:MANISHA VAGHELA

The social system school

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