The Social Effects of World War I on Europe
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The Social Effects of World War I on Europe “The First World War killed fewer victims than the Second World War, destroyed fewer buildings, and uprooted millions instead of tens of millions—but in many ways it left even deeper scars both on the mind and on the map of Europe. The old world never recovered from the shock.” -Edmond Taylor, The Fossil Monarchies
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The Social Effects of
World War I on Europe
“The First World War killed fewer victims than the Second World War, destroyed fewer buildings, and uprooted millions
instead of tens of millions—but in many ways it left even deeper scars both on the mind and on the map of Europe.
The old world never recovered from the shock.” -Edmond Taylor, The Fossil Monarchies
SOCIAL EFFECTS OF WWI ON EUROPE
1.Devastation of Population
CountriesTotal
Mobilized
Killed& Died
Wounded
Prisoners&
Missing
TotalCasualti
es
Casualties % of
Mobilized
Allied Powers
Russia12,000,0
001,700,0
004,950,00
02,500,00
09,150,00
076.3
France8,410,00
01,357,8
004,266,00
0537,000
6,160,800
76.3
British Empire8,904,46
7908,371
2,090,212
191,6523,190,23
535.8
Italy5,615,00
0650,000 947,000 600,000
2,197,000
39.1
United States4,355,00
0126,000 234,300 4,500 364,800 8.2
Japan 800,000 300 907 3 1,210 0.2
Romania 750,000 335,706 120,000 80,000 535,706 71.4
Serbia 707,343 45,000 133,148 152,958 331,106 46.8
Belgium 267,000 13,716 44,686 34,659 93,061 34.9
Greece 230,000 5,000 21,000 1,000 17,000 11.7
Portugal 100,000 7,222 13,751 12,318 33,291 33.3
Montenegro 50,000 3,000 10,000 7,000 20,000 40.0
Total42,188,8
105,152,1
1512,831,0
044,121,09
022,104,2
0952.3
Central Powers
Germany11,000,0
001,773,7
004,216,05
81,152,80
07,142,55
864.9
Austria-Hungary
7,800,000
1,200,000
3,620,000
2,200,000
7,020,000
90.0
Turkey2,850,00
0325,000 400,000 250,000 975,000 34.2
Bulgaria1,200,00
087,500 152,390 27,029 266,919 22.2
Total22,850,0
003,386,2
008,388,44
83,629,82
915,404,4
7767.4
Grand Total65,038,8
108,538,3
1521,219,4
527,750,91
937,508,6
8657.6
SOCIAL IMPACT OF WWI ON EUROPE
1.Devastation of Populationa.QUESTION: If this whole class were to go to
war and 57% of the troops that were mobilized were killed in the war, then how many students in this class would not have survived?
b. If the casualties were all men, what impact would that have on society?
1.Marriage?
2.Families?
"Killed in Action"(Drawing by Kathe Kollwitz, 1919)
Statistics
127,000 Widows
224,000 parents who
lost sons
SOCIAL IMPACT OF WWI ON EUROPE
1.Devastation of Populationa.QUESTION: If this whole class were to go to
war and 57% of the troops that were mobilized were killed in the war, then how many students in this class would not have survived?
b. If the casualties were all men, what impact would that have on society?
1.Marriage?
2.Families?
2.Mental Trauma
b. If the casualties were all men, what impact would that have on society?
1. Marriages?
2. Families?
2.Mental Traumaa.Of Soldiers
Statistics From
1938 on WWI
442,000 men were alive but were maimed, gassed, shell shocked and
could not work. They
depended on the state for $
Statistics from
1938 on WWI
15,000 men had head
injuries with metal plates for protection
Statistics from 1938 on WWI
8,000 men lost 1 or both legs
3,600 men lost 1 or both arms
90,000 men had limbs that were damaged to a marked degree
2,000 men suffered from frostbite
Statistics from 1938 on WWI
10,000 eyesight injuries
2,000 of which were blind
b. If the casualties were all men, what impact would that have on society?
1. Marriages?
2. Families?
2.Mental Traumaa.Of Soldiers
b.Of Civilians
3.Crisis in Moralea.Nihilism
3. Crisis in Moralea.Nihilism
4.Acceptance of Scapegoats a. In the Beginning—Versailles
Versailles Treaty—Major Players
British Prime Minister David Lloyd George,
French Premier Georges Clemenceau
&
President Woodrow Wilson @ Versailles
Appeared in the German magazine Simpliccimus on June 3, 1919. The principal judges and executioners were (from left to right) the American president Wilson, the French president Clemenceau and the British prime minister Lloyd George.
3. Crisis in Moralea.Nihilism
4.Acceptance of Scapegoats a. In the Beginning—Versailles
b. In Germany—Dolchstosslegende
5.People Distrusted Traditional Institutionsa.Banks
b.Governments
5.People Distrusted Traditional Institutionsa.Banks
b.Governments
6.Arta. Dadaist movement
Jean Arp
Called “Hitler”
The Hero'Jack fell as he'd have wished,' the mother said,
And folded up the letter that she'd read.'The Colonel writes so nicely.' Something broke
In the tired voice that quivered to a choke.She half looked up. 'We mothers are so proud
Of our dead soldiers.' Then her face was bowed. Quietly the Brother Officer went out.
He'd told the poor old dear some gallant liesThat she would nourish all her days, no doubt
For while he coughed and mumbled, her weak eyesHad shone with gentle triumph, brimmed with joy,Because he'd been so brave, her glorious boy.
He thought how 'Jack', cold-footed, useless swine,Had panicked down the trench that night the mine
Went up at Wicked Corner; how he'd triedTo get sent home, and how, at last, he died,
Blown to small bits. And no one seemed to careExcept that lonely woman with white hair.
Siegfried Sassoon, 1917
In class writing assignment:
In your opinion, which social effect of WWI do
you feel had the greatest impact on Europe and why?
