The Respiratory System

Sophie Vernon, Sophia Tiberi, and Alexa Canzano

● As your lungs expand, air is sucked in through your nose/mouth

● The air travels down your windpipe into your lungs

● After passing through your bronchial tubes, the air finally enters the alveoli (air sacs)

How does air get into the lungs?

Durani, Yamini. "Lungs and Respiratory System." KidsHealth - the Web's Most Visited Site about Children's Health. The Nemours Foundation, 1 Oct. 2012. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. <http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/lungs.html#>.

● Main muscle for inhalation/inspiration (breathing in)

What is the role of the diaphragm?

Taylor, Tim. "Diaphragm." InnerBody. InnerBody.com. Web.

13 Nov. 2014. <http://www.innerbody.com/image/musc06.html#full-description

>.

● At the end of bronchioles● Large surface area● Thin ● Surrounded by capillaries ● Gas exchange ● C02 travels back through alveoli so that

body can exhale C02

Alveoli

"Where Are the Alveoli Located in the Body?" EHow. Demand Media, 24 Aug. 2009. Web. 13 Nov. 2014

http://www.ehow.com/facts_5340881_alveoli-located-body.html

"The Human Respiratory System." Respiratory System. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2014.

Pathways of Food and Air

"Detoxing and Fibre = Healthy Digestive System | Herbalife Training the EZHealthBiz Way!" Herbalife Training the EZHealthBiz Way Detoxing and Fibre Healthy Digestive System Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.

● Alveolus: tiny air sac that controls/adjusts the rate of breathing ● Thin respiratory membrane● Inward-directed gradient for oxygen● Outward-directed gradient for carbon dioxide● During each respiratory cycle, the thoracic cavity’s volume

increases, then decreases. Pressure gradients between air inside and outside the respiratory tract change.

● A different pressure helps keep the lungs close to the thoracic cavity wall during a respiratory cycle even through exhalation

Gas Exchange and Pressure Gradient

Yoneda, MD - Pulmonology, Ken Y., and E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine. "Gas Exchange in the Lungs." WebMD. WebMD, 12 Mar. 2014. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. <http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/gas-exchange-in-the-lungs>.

Concentration Gradient

The above diagram shows the direction of blood flow. The carbon dioxide molecules (blue triangles) move from the blood to the lungs because they follow the concentration gradient from high to low. Oxygen (pink circles) moves from the lungs to the blood.

● Ivy, Rose. "Internal Respiration." - Breathing and the Human Respiratory System. IvyRose, 1 Jan. 2013. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. <http://www.ivyroses.com/HumanBody/Respiratory/Respiratory_Internal_Respiration.php>.

● Oxygen travels through blood

● Diffusion

● Circulatory system brings it to body

● Gas Exchange

● Capillaries surround alveoli

Connection to Circulatory System

"What Is the Connection Between the Circulatory System and Respiratory System?" WiseGEEK. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.

Components: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma

Gas Exchange: In the lungs, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the alveoli at the end of the bronchial tubes. The alveoli are surrounded by capillaries. When a person inhales, oxygen is transferred from the alveoli to the capillaries into the bloodstream. Simultaneously, carbon dioxide moves into the capillaries and the alveoli from the bloodstream. CO2 is removed from the lungs when you exhale.

Blood

● O'Neil, Dennis. "Human Blood: Blood Components." Human Blood: Blood Components. Behavioral Sciences Department, Palomar College, San Marcos, 1 Jan. 2013. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. <http://anthro.palomar.edu/blood/blood_components.htm>.

Path of respiratory system:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o2OcGgJbiUk

● Taylor, Tim. "Diaphragm." InnerBody. InnerBody.com. Web. 13 Nov. 2014. <http://www.innerbody.com/image/musc06.html#full-description>.

● "Where Are the Alveoli Located in the Body?" EHow. Demand Media, 24 Aug. 2009. Web. 13 Nov. 2014 http://www.ehow.com/facts_5340881_alveoli-located-body.html

● Durani, Yamini. "Lungs and Respiratory System." KidsHealth - the Web's Most Visited Site about Children's Health. The Nemours Foundation, 1 Oct. 2012. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. <http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/lungs.html#>.

● O'Neil, Dennis. "Human Blood: Blood Components." Human Blood: Blood Components. Behavioral Sciences Department, Palomar College, San Marcos, 1 Jan. 2013. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. <http://anthro.palomar.edu/blood/blood_components.htm>.

● Yoneda, MD - Pulmonology, Ken Y., and E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine. "Gas Exchange in the Lungs." WebMD. WebMD, 12 Mar. 2014. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. <http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/gas-exchange-in-the-lungs>.

● Ivy, Rose. "Internal Respiration." - Breathing and the Human Respiratory System. IvyRose, 1 Jan. 2013. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. <http://www.ivyroses.com/HumanBody/Respiratory/Respiratory_Internal_Respiration.php>.

Bibliography

● "How Is the Structure of the Alveoli Ideally Suited to Their Function?"Yahoo! Answers. Yahoo!, n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090717095029AA9qDjt

● "The Human Respiratory System." Respiratory System. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/Pulmonary.html

● "Detoxing and Fibre = Healthy Digestive System | Herbalife Training the EZHealthBiz Way!" Herbalife Training the EZHealthBiz Way Detoxing and Fibre Healthy Digestive System Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2014. <http://ezhealthbiz.com/detoxing-and-fibre-healthy-digestive-system/>.

● "Exchanging Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide." : Biology of the Lungs and Airways: Merck Manual Home Edition. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. <http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/lung_and_airway_disorders/biology_of_the_lungs_and_airways/exchanging_oxygen_and_carbon_dioxide.html>.

"What Is the Connection Between the Circulatory System and Respiratory System?" WiseGEEK. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2014. <http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-is-the-connection-between-the-circulatory-system-and-respiratory-system.htm>.

Bibliography