The Post-Napoleon World. Spurred on by discontent and enlightened ideas Many peoples wanted...
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Transcript of The Post-Napoleon World. Spurred on by discontent and enlightened ideas Many peoples wanted...
Influences of Nationalism
Spurred on by discontent and enlightened ideas
Many peoples wanted control of themselves Inspired by American and French Revolutions
Latin American’s first to act against their imperial powers
Revolutions erupted within European countries b/w 1815-1848 Many were reaction against Metternich’s conservative
ideals
REVOLUTION
REVOLUTION: drastic or dramatic change
Revolutions are as much a matter of ideas as they are of weapons
Spanish South American Social System
-less than 1 % of population
-born in Spain-only who could hold
high office
-23% of population-Spaniards born in Latin America-could NOT hold office but could be Officers in army
-7% of population -mix of Euro/Indians
-8% of population-mix of Euro/African
-6% of population
-enslaved-$$$value
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizos
MulattosAfricans
Native Americans(Indians)•56% of population•Little $$ value•Treated the worst of all classes
Nationalism. What is it?
Nationalism: the pride in one’s country, heritage, culture, language, history, customs
Nationalism vs. PatriotismNation: a group of people sharing
same culture, language, history, customs Ex. Ukrainians, Scots, Native Americans
Nation-State: a group a people collected under one governing power (can be a nation) Ex. United Kingdom, US, Germany, Spain
European Revolutions
The Balkans Controlled mostly by
crumbling Ottoman Empire
Very vulnerable to nationalism
Greece gains independence in 1830▪ Help from European
Powers-Why?▪ Preservation of ancient
history and culture which inspired modern Europe
REVOLUTION
Revolutions of 1830 Breakdown of
Metternich’s conservative system
Liberal middle class revolting against power or aristocracy
Belgians gain independence from Dutch
Italian uprisings led by Young Italy put down my Metternich
Revolutions of 1848 Ethnic uprisings in
Austrian Empire Prague, Czechs Budapest, Hungary Eventually forces Metternich to
resign Conservatives gain control
by 1849 Revolution in France
Accepts strong ruler after chaos of more radical rulers
Elect Louis-Napoleon as Emperor Napoleon III▪ France experienced
industrialization and prosperity
Nationalist Goals of Great Powers of Europe
France: reviving French glory Germany & Italy: united nation-
states Austria: preserve its diverse empire
REAL POLITIK: “politics of reality” “The end justifies the means.” –
Machiavelli Politics that uses any means necessary
to get the job done
Italian Unification
Italian city-states unify under the leadership of Cavour (brains) Garibaldi (sword)
Italy becomes Kingdom of Italy in 1871
Political and economic problems plague Italy into the 20th century
German Unification
Prussia’s push to collect all non-Austrian Germans
Led by Otto von Bismarck Prime Minister of Prussia Master of real politik
Defeated Austria and France to win allegiance from all German Confederate States France swears revenge
Germany becomes a united nation in 1871