The Ottomans built the largest Muslim empire in the modern era.
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The Ottomans built the largestMuslim empire in the modern era.
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The Ottoman Empire reached its
height under Suleiman the Magnificent
in the 1500s.
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However, by the early 1900s, the Ottoman Empire had declined.The Ottomans lacked moderntechnology.
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Europeans competed for land in theonce great empire.
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World War I only worsened matters.The Ottomans had allied themselveswith the Central
Powers, Germanyand Austria-Hungary. The
Central Powerslost the war.
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France and England took controlof some lands in the OttomanEmpire.
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But some young Turkish nationalistsdecided it was time for a change.
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They led a revolutionary movementagainst the authoritarian Sultan, Abdulhamid II.
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The leader of the Young Turks, Mustafa Kemal, known as Ataturk orfather of the Turks, was a nationalistand the founder of modern Turkey.
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The Young Turks established a constitutional government.
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Under Ataturk’s leadership, they modernized and
westernizedTurkey. They encouraged secularism
and granted universal suffrage
(voting).
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As first President of
Turkeyfrom 1923 until 1938,
Ataturkshaped
the modernnation of Turkey.
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He gave the Turkish people
last namesand abolished the
Fez. He even replaced
Arabic script witha modified Latin
alphabet.
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While many changes occurred thatbenefitted the Turkish people, Armenians (an ethnic group livingin the region) were massacred by thehundreds of thousands.
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And the Ottoman Empire was no more.Yes, Turkey was a modern nation built on change.