The Nature of:. o Explain how the science of agriculture helped develop civilization; Explain how...
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The Nature of:
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o Explain how the science of agriculture helped develop civilization;
o Identify and define the various areas of science and agriscience; and
o Discuss advancements made through agriscience.
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What was the first science?› Agriculture!› Science is knowledge obtained through a
systematic study of naturally occurring phenomena The first systematic study by humans was
obtaining food, shelter, and clothing
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How has the science of agriculture helped develop society?› Time was a large factor in developing
society How was food obtained in the
beginning of human history?› Hunter/Gatherer› People moved with the food
Did they have time to build a home?
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Agriculture began about 10,000 years ago› Where?› Fertile crescent
People began growing their own food What did that do to their ‘time’?
› No wandering› Build a more permanent shelter› Build villages and communities
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Science grew as humans worked to develop better ways to produce food› Trial and error
If they can produce food more efficiently how does that affect their time?› Surplus food was traded› Building, engineering, literature, and art
skills could be developed
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Science further grew as farming implements needed to be invented and improved
Tools made growing and raising food more efficient› Time?› More of it was spent inventing tools and
making life easier
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It is believed that writing and counting developed from agriculture› Surplus, storage bins, trade, sale, and
eventually taxation› Containers had to be marked to indicate:
Ownership, contents, and the amount
This made the way for written language to be developed
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Two broad areas› Basic Research
Why or how processes occur in plants and animals
› Applied Research uses discoveries made in basic research to
help in practical ways
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Mathematics Physical Science Life Science Social Science
Most areas overlap
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Arithmetic› Study of numbers and methods of
calculating Geometry
› Practical area of math› Mathematical relationships (lines,
angles, etc.
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Several other areas› logic, algebra, calculus,
probability, statistics
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Earth Science› Study of the environment in which plants
and animals grow Geology
› Study of earth’s composition, structure, history (soil science is a big part of this)
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Meteorology› study of earth’s atmosphere
Other areas include: hydrology, oceanography, astronomy
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Botany› study of plants
Zoology› study of animals
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Deals with human society, sometimes called behavioral science
Includes anthropology, psychology, sociology, education
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Study of the makeup of material (matter)› Matter is anything that takes up spaces
or has mass
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Study of the physical nature of objects› heat, light, electricity, mechanics
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made up of several areas of science
similarities with areas of occupations
many of these areas overlap
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Animal Science
Poultry Science
Aquaculture Environmenta
l Science
Agronomy Horticulture Forestry Entomology Mechanical
Technology
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Study of plants and how they relate to soil
Purpose:› Improve crop production and
conserve natural resources
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Growing crops for food, comfort, beauty› Ornamental Horticulture› Olericulture› Pomology
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Growing and using forests
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Part of Zoology Study of insects
and related small animals
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Production of animals for food
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Raising chickens and other related fowl
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Water Farming
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Wisely using and protecting the things around us
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Use of machines and equipment to do work
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Discoveries have been made throughout our history to improve our lives› Lets list a few of the recent ones
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Genetically engineered plants We have been doing this for as long as
agriculture has been around through selective breeding
Tomato Calgene developed a tomato that resists rot
Corn BT corn
Round-Up Ready Many including: corn, sugar beets, cotton, alfalfa,
canola, soybeans and others
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Alternative Fuels› Ethanol
Henry Ford’s Model T ran off of ethanol What is used to produce ethanol?
Corn
Will that affect our food supply?
› Bio-Diesel
› Is making your own fuel safe? What could happen?
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Pest control› Synthetic controls for fire ants in the south
Higher ratio of nonproductive drone ants to worker ants
› Synthetic controls for fruit tree insects Pheromones released will attract the male
insects so they never find a female