The Maritime Revolution to 1550

Turn to the person next to you and come up with the best definition for

“maritime”. 2 MINUTES

The Pacific Ocean before 1450 People from the Southeast

Asian Malay peninsula settled the East Indies, New Zealand, Hawaii, and other Pacific Islands.

Polynesian expansion resulted in planned voyages and knowledge of stars and currents.

Indian Ocean before 1450 Malay sailors colonized

Madagascar Arabs created trade routes

with the rise of Islam Chinese Ming dynasty

sponsored voyages of massive proportions

Metals, silk, and spices traded

Improved relationships in governments

The Atlantic Ocean before 1450 Vikings explored Greenland,

Iceland and Newfoundland 1300’s southern Europeans and

Africans set out but did not return

Portuguese discovered and explored the Madeira's, Azores, and Canaries in 1300’s

The American’s had settled some Caribbean islands

European Expansion 1400 - 1550

REASONS = Curiosity, struggle with Islam, alliances, trade.

Iberian Kingdoms (Spain and Portugal) = advanced shipbuilding and canon technology

Italians had no reason to explore outside of the Mediterranean because they had ships made for calm waters and alliances with the Muslim empires

Portuguese Voyages Prince Henry The

Navigator explored coasts of Africa

1469 exploration picks up because private enterprise starts giving money

Vasco da Gama rounds the southern tip of Africa and establishes contact with India

Spanish Voyages 1492 Columbus sets out

with letters of introduction to Asia and an Arabic interpreter

Treaty or Tordesillas = Spain and Portugal divide the world with a line I the N Atlantic

Ferdinand Magellan makes it to the Philippines

Encounters With Europe 1450 - 1550 WESTERN AFRICA – Welcomed the Portuguese and

profited from trade. Kongo kingdom relied on slave trade. EASTERN AFRICA – Christian Ethiopia gained

Portuguese support when fighting the Muslims at Adal. INDIAN OCEAN STATES – Portuguese captured the

Indian port of Goa in 1510, Malacca in 1511, and set up a trading post in Macao in Southern China in 1557. Never gained complete control of the Indian Ocean but did

dominate it enough to control it and break the Italian monopoly on PEPPER.

The Americas Spanish built a territorial Empire in the America

while the Portuguese were building a maritime empire in the Indian ocean.

The Spanish came with guns, diseases, and bibles. Those who survived diseases and would not convert were killed.

1502 remaining Arawak people of Hispaniola were forced to serve as laborers.

Patterns of Dominance

1. Lack of resistance to dieses

2. Spanish Military technology (swords, armor, horse, firearms)

3. Pattern of conquest from forced labor to forced conversion. Developed when the Spanish threw the Muslims out of Spain and used in America

ATLAS ASSIGNMENT TITLE = Conquest of the Seas LABEL = Oceans and Seas SHADE = Portugal, Spain, Spanish America,

Portuguese America DRAW LINES FOR = Columbus’s routes, Vasco

da Gamma's Routes, Magellan's Routes, Henry the Navigator’s Routes, and Treaty of Tordesillas

ADD = 10 additional symbols