The Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands LADAcdn.asocon.org/LADA/Nepal/Presentations/LADA on...

The Land Degradation Assessment

in Drylands （LADA）

on The National Level

Prof Wang Junhou

March 2013

bull Preparation

bull Assessment process for each step

bull Conclusion

Contents

1 To answer questions Through the LADA project

bull What type of land degradation is actually happening

bull

bull Where the land degradation is happening

bull Why the land degradation is happening

bull What are the impacts of land degradation on the ecosystem

bull What has been done for LD control and

bull what should be done in terms of Sustainable Land Management in future

Ⅰ Preparation Work

2 The methodology

bullBase on the LUS Mapping result

bullUse relevant available data and information combining

expertsrsquo knowledge and experience

bullTo fill the LADA manual table and answer 24 question

bullThrough the DPSIR framework to analyze the national land

degradation

Drivers-pressure-state-impact-response (DPSIR)

bullTo obtaining a series of data and information related land degradation SLM technology

bullTo get the way to establishing a assessment system on land use land degradation and land management

bullTo prepare the way and identify areas of greatest interest

for more local and detailed assessments( find the hot ponits and bright points for Local Lada)

bullTo provide information and reliable basis to decision

makers and different UN conventions in particular UNCCD

UNCBD and UNFCCC

3The Objectives

4 The Establishment of Work Team

bull National LADA coordinator (Gov official)

bull Project staff (organization and management)

bull Assessment experts

Multi-departments agriculture water resource forestry and statistics

Multi-subjects desertification soil conservation land use grazing management livestock agriculture forestry geography statistic and economy analysis GIS and remote sensing

Multi-levels central government department Province department county department

5 Training and Workshop

bull To understand the WOCATLADA

manual well including methodology

indicators and assessment technical

routes

bull To discuss the technical problems

and make the work scheme

6 LADA Manual development and complement

Refinement of the LADA Work Manual on the base of the

WOCATLADA Manual

According the situation and characteristics of land degradation in your

country the LADA Work Manual on national level should be refined as your

own manual

Some assessment indicators and method should be added LD type mdashFreeze-thawing in China

Some contents need to be more in detail land use intensity

land degradation degree

LD Rate

conservation names

bull national desertification monitoring data and database

bull national soil erosion monitoring data and database

bull Farmland management data

bull Rangeland degradation monitoring data

bull Society and economy statistics data

bull National forest resource monitor and assessment

bull National ecological construction data (forestry

measures soil and water conservation measures

pasture management agricultural practices etc)

中国荒漠化土地分布图（2004年）

Distribution of Desertification in China

7 Collection of Available Datasets and Information

8 The relevant data and information supplement

The field survey on LD and Vegetation

Social and economic data collection

Ⅱ Process

1 Land use systems mapping

12kinds of Mapping data

Land cover irrigation livestock city protected area temperature crop species and

growth period DEM (digital elevation models) soil population GDP (gross

domestic product )

The basic data is the Land cover

Overlay other 11 kinds data with Land Cover

26 LUS types

and their codes

Number Land use system types Code

1 Forestry-no usenot managed (Natural) 001

2 Forestry-Protected areas 002

3 Forestry-Pastoralism moderate or higher 004

4 Herbaceous-no usenot managed (Natural) 007

5 Herbaceous-Protected areas 008

6 Herbaceous-Extensive pastoralism 009

7 Herbaceous-Mod Intensive pastoralism 010

8 Herbaceous-Intensive pastoralism 011

9 Rainfed Agriculture (Subsistencecommercial) 013

10 Agro-pastoralism Mod Intensive 014

11 Agro-pastoralism Intensive 015

12 Agro-pastoralism mod intensive or higher with Large scale irrigation 016

13 Agriculture-Large scale irrigation (gt 25 pixel size) 017

14 Agriculture-Protected areas 018

15 Urban areas 019

16 Wetlands-no usenot managed (Natural) 020

17 Wetlands-Protected areas 021

18 Wetlands-Agro-pastoralism 023

19 Bare areas-no usenot managed (Natural) 024

20 Bare areas-Protected areas 025

21 Bare areas-Extensive pastoralism 026

22 Water-Protected areas 029

23 Water-Inland Fisheries 030

24 shrub-no usenot managed (Natural) 101

25 shrub-Protected areas 102

26 shrub-Pastoralism moderate or higher 103

2 The confirmation of the assessment units

(1) The assessment area and assessment administration unit

administration

assessment unit

county (365 counties

in 12 provinces)

assessment area

dryland (aridity index is 16 to 16 excepting desert and Gobi)

National assessment units

LUS (26) overlay Administration

counties (365)

(2)Overlay the LUS map with the administration

boundary of the assessment area

In China the assessment

administration unit is county the

assessment area includes 365

counties and 2875 LUS units

3The standardization of questionaire and LUS Unit

Code

LUS Unit Code

The Formatted Questionnaire table

a assessment experts are divided into several working groups

each consisting of 3-4 experts

b Each group is responsible for several administration units

(experts should be familiar with the assessment district )

c the assessment results will be shared between the groups to

correct mistakes and exchange opinions

D Before delivering FAO the LADA working group will solicit

the expert committee suggestions carry out the revision and

supplement to the assessment results

4 Work Regulations and procedures

steps Questions

1Experts

Information

Name subject institute Address

2Land use Area trend of the LUS

Land use intensity trends

3Land

degradation

Types of land degradation

Extent of the degradation type

Degree of land degradation

Rate of degradation

Direct causes of land degradation

Indirect causes of land degradation

Impact on ecosystem services

Level of impact on ecosystem services

5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)

Name of the Technology for the Conservation

and Management

Conservation groups

Conservation measures

Purpose of the SLM Technologies

Extent of SLM Technology

Degradation addressed

Effectiveness of implemented SLM Technologies

Effectiveness trend of SLM Technologies



Period of implementation

5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation

Remarks and additional information

Step1 Experts Information

Step2 Assessment on Land use system (LUS)

(3 items)

Item1 The area trend of LUS unit

（the are changed in last 10 years)

bull2 rapidly increasing ie extended gt 10

bull1 slowly increasing ie extended lt 10

bull0 remains stable ie no changed

bull -1 slowly decreasing ie reducedlt 10

bull -2 rapidly decreasing ie reduced gt 10

Item2 The intensity of LUS unit

bull2 major increase

bull1 moderate increase

bull0 No major changes

bull-1 moderate decrease

bull -2 major decrease

Indicators and value (increase is negative- decrease is positive+)

farmlandMachinery use amount of pesticide and

chemical fertilizer use irrigation organic manure use etc

forest landcutting grazing conservation afforestation etc

Rangeland Amount of livestock overload (overgrazing) livestock

intensity conservation etc

Wetland cultivation drainage grazing conservation management etc

Bareland overgrazing management method livestock intensity

increase or decrease etc

water pollution fishing (pisciculture) conservation etc

The reasons of each LUS for

Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks

LUS Type Area Trend Intensity Trend Remark

Forestry-Protected

areas

0 -1 Conservation and

afforestation

Rainfed Agriculture 2 0 Reclamation of

rangeland

The result of Step2

Step2 Land degradation for per land use system unit

bullType of land degradation

bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure

bull Effect on ecosystem service

bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation

2 W Soil erosion by water bull Wt Loss of topsoil surface erosion

bull Wg Gully erosion gullying

bull Wm Mass movements landslides

bull Wr Riverbank erosion

bull Wc Coastal erosion

bull Wo Offsite degradation effects

3 E Soil erosion by wind bull Et Loss of topsoil

bull Ed Deflation and deposition

bull Eo Offsite degradation effects

4 C Chemical soil deterioration bull Cn Fertility decline and reduced organic matter content

bull Ca Acidification

bull Cp Soil pollution

bull Cs Salinisation alkalinisation

bull C Chemical soil deterioration

bull Cn Fertility decline and reduced organic matter content

Item1 Types of land degradation (multinomial selection)

(7 types and 36 subtypes)

5 P Physical soil deterioration bullPc Compaction

bullPk Sealing and crusting

bullPw Waterlogging

bullPs Subsidence of organic soils settling of soil

bullPu Loss of bio-productive function due to other activities

6 H Water degradation bullHa Aridification

bullHs Change in quantity of surface water

bullHg Change in groundwater aquifer level

bullHp Decline of surface water quality

bullHq Decline of groundwater quality

bullHw Reduction of the buffering capacity of wetland areas

7 B Biological degradation bullBc Reduction of vegetation cover

bullBh Loss of habitats

bullBq Quantity biomass decline

bullBf Detrimental effects of fires

bullBs Quality and species composition diversity decline

bullBl Loss of soil life

bullBp Increase of pests diseases loss of predators

Chemical soil deterioration

(Salinisationalkalinisation)

Wind erosion

Water erosion Biological degradation

Range land degradation

Item2 Extent() of LDThe percentage of each type of land degradation in the assessment unit(LUS)

Item3 Degree of LD (for each type of land degradation)

0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme

Degree Quantity of Soil Erosion

no degradation lt200

Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000

Wind and Water Erosion

(Theoretic values Unit Soil Erosion Modulus(tkm2a))

The LD Degree of a land plot

bullwater-erosion of Rangeland Woodland Bare land

indicator standard score importance

Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score

no degradation(0) 45-6

Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators

degree of degradation

The Degree of a LUS Unit

Degree Total Score Degree No

no degradation 45-6 0

Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4


bull Use the method of the

weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi

Ai is the area of the ith land plot

Di is the Degree of ith land plot (Di value is from 0 to 4)

degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4

Plot No 1-1 1-2 1-3 total

LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1

Extend of LD area 28 65 51 50

LUS The Forestry-no usenot management (water erosion)

Average degree Degree value

Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi

D= =(158times2+216times3+183times1) (158+216+183)=188

sumAi

Item4 Rate of degradation

3 rapidly increasing

2 moderately increasing

1 slowly increasing

0 no change in degradation

-1 slowly decreasing

-2 moderately decreasing

-3 rapidly decreasing

Indicators (The rate of the land degradation is due to the

changes of degree and area of each degraded LUS)

bullThe area of the degradation land

bullThe degree of the degradation land

The change rate of the area of the degradation land

in the last 10 years (X=)

The change rate of the higher degree area (Y=)

score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3

5ltXle10 2 10ltXle20 2

1ltX le5 1 1ltX le10 1

-1 leXle1 0 -1 leXle1 0

-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3

The assessment method of degradation Rate

Rate Value (x+y)

3 rapidly increasing 5-6

2 moderately increasing 3-4

1 slowly increasing 1-2

0 no change in degradation 0

-1 slowly decreasing 1-(-2)

-2 moderately decreasing -3-(-4)

-3 rapidly decreasing -5-(-6)

Item5 Direct causes (12 drivers)

s Soil management improper management of the soil

1048707 (s1) cultivation of unsuitable soils

1048707 (s2) missing or insufficient soil conservation measures

1048707 (s3) heavy machinery

1048707 (s4) tillage practice (ploughing harrowing etc)

1048707 (s5) others

c Crop management improper management of grass shrub and tree crops

1048707 (c1) reduction of plant cover and residues

1048707 (c2) inappropriate application of manure fertilizer herbicides pesticides and other agrochemicals

1048707 (c3) nutrient mining excessive removal without appropriate replacement of nutrients

1048707 (c4) shortening of the fallow period in shifting cultivation

1048707 (c5) inappropriate irrigation

1048707 (c6) inappropriate use of water in rainfed agriculture 1048707

(c7) others

f Deforestation and removal of natural vegetation extensive removal of natural vegetation

1048707 (f1) large-scale commercial forestry

1048707 (f2) expansion of urban settlement areas and industry

1048707 (f3) conversion to agriculture

1048707 (f4) forest grassland fires

1048707 (f5) road construction

1048707 (f6) others

e Over-exploitation of vegetation for domestic use

1048707 (e1) excessive gathering of fuel wood (local) timber fencing materials

1048707 (e2) removal of fodder

1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing

1048707 (g1) excessive numbers of livestock

1048707 (g2) trampling along animal paths

1048707 (g3) others

i Industrial activities and mining

1048707 (i1) industry

1048707 (i2) mining

1048707 (i3) waste deposition

1048707 (i4) others

u Urbanisation and infrastructure development

1048707 (u1) settlements and roads

1048707 (u2) (urban) recreation

1048707 (u3) others

p Discharges leading to point contamination of surface and ground water resources

1048707 (p1) sanitary sewage disposal

1048707 (p2) waste water discharge

1048707 (p3) others

q Release of airborne pollutants from industrial activities and urbanisation

1048707 (q1) contamination of vegetation crops and soil

1048707 (q2) contamination of surface and ground water resources

1048707 (q3) others

w Disturbance of the water cycle

1048707 (w1) lower infiltration rates increased surface runoff

1048707 (w2) others

o Over-abstraction excessive withdrawal of water 1048707 (o1) irrigation

1048707 (o2) industrial use

1048707 (o3) domestic use

1048707 (o4) decreasing water use efficiency

1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes

1048707 (n1) change in temperature

1048707 (n2) change of seasonal rainfall

1048707 (n3) heavyextreme rainfall (intensity and amounts)

1048707 (n4) windstorms dust storms

1048707 (n5) floods

1048707 (n6) droughts

1048707 (n7) other natural causes

p Population Pressure

t Land Tenure(使用期限）

h Poverty wealth

l Labour Availability

r Inputs and infrastructure

e Education access to knowledge and support services

w War and conflict

g Governance institutional

o Others (specify)

Item6 Indirect causes (pressures)

(multinomial selection)

Item7Impact on ecosystem services (Impact indicator)

P Productive Services (P1) production and risk

(P2) water for human animal and plant

consumption

(P3) land availability

S Socio-cultural services and human

well-being (S1) spiritual aesthetic cultural landscape and

heritage values recreation and tourism

(S2) education and knowledge (including

indigenous knowledge)

(S3) conflicts

(S4) food security health and poverty

(S5) net income

(S6) private and public infrastructure (buildings

roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact

E Ecological services (E1) water cycle floods storms excessive rains

(E2) water cycle drought dry season flow availability of

water

(E3) organic matter status

(E4) soil cover (vegetation mulch etc)

(E5) soil structure surface (eg sealing and crusting) and

subsoil affecting infiltration water and nutrient holding

capacity salinity

(E6) nutrient cycle (N P K) and the carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation (including wind-deposited soils)

(E8) biodiversity

(E9) greenhouse gas emission

(E10) (micro)-climate (wind shade temperature humidity)


The Impact of LD on ES should be Negative(-1-2-3)

(2)Level of impact

county LUS code Type (state)

Extent() Degree Rate Remarks

Horqin Youyi Zhongqi

152222002

E 2 1 0 protected since 2000

W 26 1 -1

152222008 E 56 2 0 communal grazing area

152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0

Sandy rainfed farmland

W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3

Step4 Land Conservation and Management (LSM technology)

bullName

bullConservation groups

bullConservation measures

bullPurpose

bullExtent of SLM Technology

bullDegradation addressed

bullEffectiveness of implemented SLM Technologies

bullEffectiveness trend of SLM Technologies

bullImpact on ecosystem services（ESS ）and Level

bullPeriod of implementation

bullUsing The Best SLM Technologies (QT)

bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)

Technologies (QT) and

Approaches (QA) with a

detailed information on

conservation activities will

be provided in this step

Item1 Name of SLM

There are 94 cases of SLM technology in China

Provide a common name for the most widespread technologies applied within

each land use system unit

English Name Chinese Name definition Code

Closing rangeland to Facilitate

Vegetation Restoration

草原封禁植被恢复

The use of fences will be

degraded grassland fenced

off to prohibit grazing that

interference Natural

vegetation restoration

1

Returning farmland to forest 退耕还林 Planting trees in farmland

and building the forest 2

Bench Terraces Construction

for farmland 农田梯田建设

The sloping land erosion

has occurred by

mechanical or manual

terracing

3

Returning farmland to forest

Fixing mobile sand dunes by

Straw square barriers

1 CA Conservation agriculture mulching (mainly agronomic measures)

2 NM Manuring composting nutrient management (mainly agronomic

measures)

3 RO Rotational system shifting cultivation fallow slash and burn

4 VS Vegetative strips cover (mainly vegetative measures)

5 AF Agroforestry (mainly vegetative combined with agronomic)

6 AP Afforestation and forest protection

7 RH Gully control rehabilitation (structural combined with vegetative)

8 TR Terraces (structural but often combined with vegetative and

agronomic measures)

Item2 SLM groups(19groups)

(According the characters and functions of technology)

9 GR Grazing land management (management practices with associated vegetative

and agronomic measures)

bull WH Water harvesting (structural but also combined)

bull SA Groundwater salinity regulation water use efficiency

bull WQ Water quality improvements (structural management and vegetative)

bull SD Sand dune stabilization (vegetative structural and management)

bull CB Coastal bank protection (vegetative structural and management)

bull PR Protection against natural hazards (floods storms earth quake etc)

bull SC Storm water control road runoff (structural vegetative management)

bull WM Water Management

bull Co Conservation of natural biodiversity

bull OT Other (specify)

A Agronomic soil management

A1 Vegetation soil cover

A2 Organic matter soil fertility

A3 Soil surface treatment

A4 Subsurface treatment

A5 Others

V Vegetative

V1 Tree and shrub cover

V2 Grasses and perennial herbaceous plants

V3 Clearing of vegetation

V4 Others

Item3 Conservation measures

(According the measure of technology)

bull S Structural

bull S1 Bench terraces (lt6)

bull S2 Forward sloping terraces (gt6)

bull S3 Bunds banks

bull S4 Graded ditches waterways

bull S5 Level ditches pits

bull S6 Dams pans store excessive water

bull S7 Reshaping surface

bull S8 Walls barriers palisades

bull S9 Others

bull M Management

bull M1 Change of land use type

bull M2 Change of management intensity level

bull M3 Layout according to natural and human environment

bull M4 Major change in timing of activities

bull M5 Control change of species composition

bull M6 Others

bull CB Combinations

bull Any combinations of the above measures are possible

Item4 Purposes of the SLM Technologies

P Prevention implies the use of conservation measures that maintain natural

resources and their environmental and productive function on land that may be prone

to degradation The implication is that good land management practice is already in

place it is effectively the antithesis of human-induced land degradation

M Mitigation is intervention intended to reduce ongoing degradation This comes in at

a stage when degradation has already begun The main aim here is to halt further

degradation and to start improving resources and their functions Mitigation impacts

tend to be noticeable in the short to medium term this then provides a strong

incentive for further efforts The word lsquomitigationrsquo is also sometimes used to describe

reducing the impacts of degradation

R Rehabilitation is required when the land is already degraded to such an extent that

the original use is no longer possible and land has become practically unproductive

Here longer-term and more costly investments are needed to show any impact

Item5 Extent of SLM Technology The area percentage of mapping unit(each LUS unit) of the SLM

technology

Item6 Degradation addressed Specify the degradation type addressed by the SLM Technology

The degradation types are same with Step3

Item7 Effectiveness of implemented SLM Technologies

4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low

Item8 Effectiveness trend of SLM Technologies

1 increase in effectiveness

0 no change in effectiveness

-1 decrease in effectiveness

Item9 Impact on ecosystem services (Impact indicator)

P Productive Services

(P1) production and risk


consumption



well-being

(S1) spiritual aesthetic cultural

landscape and heritage values

recreation and tourism

(S2) education and knowledge

(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income

(S6) private and public infrastructure

(1)Type of impact

E Ecological services

(E1) water cycle floods storms

excessive rains

(E2) water cycle drought dry season

flow availability of water


(E4) soil cover

(E5) soil structure surface and subsoil

affecting infiltration water and

nutrient holding capacity salinity

(E6) nutrient cycle (N P K) and the

carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity


(E10) (micro)-climate

(2)Level of impact

bull -3 high negative impact (more than 50)

bull -2 negative impact （10-50）

bull -1 low negative impact (0mdash10）

bull 1 low positive impact （0mdash10）

bull 2 positive impact （10mdash50）

bull 3 high positive impact （more than 50）

The Impact of LSM on ES should be Positive(123)

Item10 Period of implementation

Indicate since what year the technology has been implemented

Item11 Reference to QT (best technology practices)

Summary a series of best technologies and to identify whether this technology is one of them

Add the reference number of best SLM Technologies

Bench Terraces

Construction for farmland Grass Grid Sand Barrier High Vertical Live

Sand Barriers

51

The best technology practices(51 types in China)

The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Item11 Remark

county LUS code LD Type (state)

Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland

National project since 2000

152222009 W Bench Terraces

Construction for

farmland

Great potential for large scale

The result of the Step4

The assessment unit shrub-pastoralism moderate or higher in Yangyuan County hebei Province

Step5 Expert recommendation

Item1 Recommendation

A Adaptation the degradation is either too serious to deal with

or it is not worthwhile the effort to invest in

P prevention the use of conservation measures where some

degradation has already occurred

M Mitigation intervention intended to reduce ongoing

degradation

R Rehabilitation It is the intervention when the land is already

degraded to such an extent need longer-term and more costly

investments

Item2 Remarks and additional information

Comments and Suggestions

mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion

1 The practical methodology LADA method has integrated available data and collected information expertrsquos

knowledge and experiences to assess land degradation and sustainable management

in an economical mode

2 The adoptive DPSIR framework The State-drivers-pressures-impact-reaction Analyses System is available

3 Practical results and a lot of information

Through the LADA project a lot of information related to the land degradation and sustainable conservation were got

4 Gaps (1)Indicators and Their assessment standards should be more in detail and quantified

bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level

(2)Experts from different fields with the different background knowledge and understanding there will be a little differences in evaluation results on the same land

assessment

Thank you

bull Preparation

bull Assessment process for each step

bull Conclusion

Contents



bull







2 The methodology






degradation








UNCBD and UNFCCC

3The Objectives












routes





WOCATLADA Manual



own manual




LD Rate

conservation names
















Ⅱ Process





domestic product )



26 LUS types

and their codes
















15 Urban areas 019














administration

assessment unit


in 12 provinces)

assessment area




counties (365)








Code

LUS Unit Code












steps Questions

1Experts

Information




3Land

degradation




Rate of degradation





5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)


and Management

Conservation groups










5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation




(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



bull







2 The methodology






degradation








UNCBD and UNFCCC

3The Objectives












routes





WOCATLADA Manual



own manual




LD Rate

conservation names
















Ⅱ Process





domestic product )



26 LUS types

and their codes
















15 Urban areas 019














administration

assessment unit


in 12 provinces)

assessment area




counties (365)








Code

LUS Unit Code












steps Questions

1Experts

Information




3Land

degradation




Rate of degradation





5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)


and Management

Conservation groups










5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation




(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you

2 The methodology






degradation








UNCBD and UNFCCC

3The Objectives












routes





WOCATLADA Manual



own manual




LD Rate

conservation names
















Ⅱ Process





domestic product )



26 LUS types

and their codes
















15 Urban areas 019














administration

assessment unit


in 12 provinces)

assessment area




counties (365)








Code

LUS Unit Code












steps Questions

1Experts

Information




3Land

degradation




Rate of degradation





5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)


and Management

Conservation groups










5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation




(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you








UNCBD and UNFCCC

3The Objectives












routes





WOCATLADA Manual



own manual




LD Rate

conservation names
















Ⅱ Process





domestic product )



26 LUS types

and their codes
















15 Urban areas 019














administration

assessment unit


in 12 provinces)

assessment area




counties (365)








Code

LUS Unit Code












steps Questions

1Experts

Information




3Land

degradation




Rate of degradation





5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)


and Management

Conservation groups










5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation




(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you












routes





WOCATLADA Manual



own manual




LD Rate

conservation names
















Ⅱ Process





domestic product )



26 LUS types

and their codes
















15 Urban areas 019














administration

assessment unit


in 12 provinces)

assessment area




counties (365)








Code

LUS Unit Code












steps Questions

1Experts

Information




3Land

degradation




Rate of degradation





5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)


and Management

Conservation groups










5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation




(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



WOCATLADA Manual



own manual




LD Rate

conservation names
















Ⅱ Process





domestic product )



26 LUS types

and their codes
















15 Urban areas 019














administration

assessment unit


in 12 provinces)

assessment area




counties (365)








Code

LUS Unit Code












steps Questions

1Experts

Information




3Land

degradation




Rate of degradation





5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)


and Management

Conservation groups










5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation




(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you
















Ⅱ Process





domestic product )



26 LUS types

and their codes
















15 Urban areas 019














administration

assessment unit


in 12 provinces)

assessment area




counties (365)








Code

LUS Unit Code












steps Questions

1Experts

Information




3Land

degradation




Rate of degradation





5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)


and Management

Conservation groups










5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation




(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you

26 LUS types

and their codes
















15 Urban areas 019














administration

assessment unit


in 12 provinces)

assessment area




counties (365)








Code

LUS Unit Code












steps Questions

1Experts

Information




3Land

degradation




Rate of degradation





5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)


and Management

Conservation groups










5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation




(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



administration

assessment unit


in 12 provinces)

assessment area




counties (365)








Code

LUS Unit Code












steps Questions

1Experts

Information




3Land

degradation




Rate of degradation





5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)


and Management

Conservation groups










5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation




(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



counties (365)








Code

LUS Unit Code












steps Questions

1Experts

Information




3Land

degradation




Rate of degradation





5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)


and Management

Conservation groups










5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation




(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you


Code

LUS Unit Code












steps Questions

1Experts

Information




3Land

degradation




Rate of degradation





5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)


and Management

Conservation groups










5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation




(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you












steps Questions

1Experts

Information




3Land

degradation




Rate of degradation





5 The assessment

steps Questions

4Land

conservation

(Response

indicators)


and Management

Conservation groups










5Expert

recommend

ation

Recommendation




(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



(3 items)

























Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you


















Area Change

Intensity Change

Item3 Remarks


Forestry-Protected

areas


afforestation


rangeland

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you

The result of Step2



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



bull Extent()

bull Degree

bull Rate

bull Driver

bull Pressure


bullRemarks

mdashmdash8 items

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you

1 O No degradation




















bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



bullPw Waterlogging


















Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



Wind erosion





0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



0 no degradation

1 Light

2 Moderate

3 Strong

4 Extreme



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



Light 200-2500

Moderate 2500-5000

Strong 5000-8000

Extreme 8000






Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



Slope

degree

le 5 1 1

6-15 2

16-25 3

gt25 4

Erosion

gully area

ratio

le 5 15 15

6-15 3

16-25 45

gt25 6

Vegetation

Coverage

gt60 2 2

60-41 4

40-21 6

le 20 8

degree Total Score


Light(1) 7-9

Moderate(2) 10-12

Strong(3) 13-15

Extreme(4) 16-18

Index of indicators





Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you




Light 7-9 1

Moderate 10-12 2

Strong 13-15 3

Extreme 16-18 4



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



weighted average

sumAiDi

D=

sumAi



degree Degree value

Light 1

Moderate 2

Strong 3

Extreme 4


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you


LD area (ha) 158 216 183 557

LD Degree 2 3 1




Light 10-17

Moderate 18-25

Strong 26-33

Extreme 34-40

sumAiDi


sumAi




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you




1 slowly increasing












score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you




score score

Xgt10 3 Xgt20 3




-1ltX le-5 -1 -1ltX le-10 -1

-5ltXle-10 -2 -10ltXle-20 -2

Xlt-10 -3 Xlt-20 -3


Rate Value (x+y)














1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you







1048707 (s5) others








(c7) others







1048707 (f6) others




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you




1048707 (e3) others

g Overgrazing



1048707 (g3) others



1048707 (i2) mining


1048707 (i4) others




1048707 (u3) others




1048707 (p3) others




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you




1048707 (q3) others



1048707 (w2) others





1048707 (o5) others

n Natural causes





1048707 (n5) floods





h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you



h Poverty wealth




w War and conflict


o Others (specify)






consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you




consumption







(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


roads dams etc)

(1)Type of impact



water





capacity salinity



(E8) biodiversity





(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you


(2)Level of impact




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you




152222002


W 26 1 -1


152222009

E 2 1 0

deep slope farmland

W 31 1 1

152222010

E 32 1 0


W 15 2 0

Item8 Remarks

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you

The result of Step3


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you


bullName



bullPurpose








bullRemark

mdashmdash12 Items

The sustainable

management (SLM)






Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you

Item1 Name of SLM













1






has occurred by


terracing

3






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you






measures)







agronomic measures)




















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you


















A5 Others

V Vegetative




V4 Others



bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you

bull S Structural



bull S3 Bunds banks






bull S9 Others

bull M Management






bull M6 Others


















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you
















technology




4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you


4 Very high

3 High

2 Moderate

1 Low









consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you





consumption



well-being





(S3) conflicts


(S5) net income


(1)Type of impact



excessive rains




(E4) soil cover





carbon cycle

(E7) soil formation

(E8) biodiversity



(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you

(2)Level of impact













Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you






Bench Terraces


Sand Barriers

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you

51


The book of The

best practices for

LD Control in

China has been

published


Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you

Item11 Remark


Name of SLM Remarks


152222002

E Returning the

Cultivated Land

to Forestland



Construction for

farmland











degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you










degradation



investments



mdashmdash2 Itemas


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you


Ⅲ Conclusion








bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you




bull LU Intensity

bull LD Degree

bull LD Rate

bull Impact Level


assessment

Thank you

Thank you

The Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands LADAcdn.asocon.org/LADA/Nepal/Presentations/LADA on...

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Transcript of The Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands LADAcdn.asocon.org/LADA/Nepal/Presentations/LADA on...