The Inner Life of Cells Objective: 1.Review the organelles of a plant and animal cell 2.Review the...
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Transcript of The Inner Life of Cells Objective: 1.Review the organelles of a plant and animal cell 2.Review the...
The Inner Life of Cells
Objective:1.Review the organelles of a plant and animal cell
2.Review the functions of these organelles3.Review the differences between plant and animal cells and what
functions these differences serve
• 1. Grow and develop• 2. Repair • 3. Reproduce• 4. Respond to their environment• 5. Metabolism – are involved in numerous
chemical reactions • 6. Exchange materials with environment
(oxygen & wastes)• 7. Composed of cells (containing large,
complex molecules)
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE:
1. Cells are the basic units of life. •Nothing smaller than a cell is alive•Unicellular organism exhibits the characteristics of life 2. All living organisms are composed of cells.•Multicellular organisms (ie: animals) are made of tissues composed of cells eg. blood, nerves, cartilage, muscle and bone are made up of cells•These cells perform all the functions required for life 3. New cells arise only from pre-existing cells.•Life depends on cells (cells divide and pass on the information of inheritance in their DNA)
CELL THEORY:
Basic Cell Structure
• All cells have these 5 basic structures:
1)Cell/Plasma membrane2)Nucleus3)Nucleolus4)Nuclear Envelop5)Cytoplasm
1) Plasma Membrane • Surrounds cell and organizes it into
various compartments inside• about 10 nm in thickness • its function is to form a boundary
that surrounds the cell, keeps it intact, and regulates what enters and exits the cell
CELLULAR ORGANIZATION:
2) Nucleus (command centre)• large, centrally located structure • about 5 um in diameter• its function is to determine the
structural features of the cell and to control its metabolic reactions – (how the cell looks and functions)
CELLULAR ORGANIZATION: (cont’d)
3. Nucleolus• a dark, granular region inside
the nucleus• a cell may have more than one• contains RNA (ribonucleic acid)• its function is to produce and store
the subunits of ribosomes which are made up of ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
4. Nuclear envelope• a double membrane surrounding the
nucleus which contains nuclear pores (tiny holes)
• its function is to control the passage of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm
5) Cytoplasm• is the portion of the cell between the
nucleus and the plasma membrane• it contains water, nutrient molecules, gases
such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, and wastes
• organelles are tiny structures found in the cytoplasm that each perform a specific function
• the cytoskeleton is a network of fibres found throughout the cytoplasm which functions to maintain the cell’s shape and allow the cell and its contents to move
CELLULAR ORGANIZATION: (cont’d)
Comparing Plant and Animal Cells
• …however, not all cells contain all the same structures.
• Complete the table I have given you by filling in the functions and drawing a diagram of each organelle listed. Indicate whether each organelle is found in a plant cell, and animal cell, or both cells.
• When you have finished, answer the questions on the back of the sheet.
Homework…• You are to answer questions 1-5 on page 20 of
your handout.• There will be a quiz based on tonight’s homework
TOMORROW.• Show animation!!!
We will be learning about the 4 macromolecules of life (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids) as well as methods of passive and active transport across the cell’s plasma membrane.