The Importance of Short Rotation Plantations in Germany...

The Importance of Short Rotation Plantations in Germany -Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market

Institute of International Forestry and Forest Products, Chair of Forestry and Forest Products in Eastern Europe

Assoc. Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Werner Grosse

Content

1 TOPICAL STRUCTURE OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND TENDENCIES RELATED TO POLITICAL OBJECTIVES

2 WOOD AS MOST IMPORTANT RENEWABLE RESOURCE – DEMAND AND SUPPLY3 SHORT ROTATION TECHNOLOGY WITH FAST GROWING TREES ON FARMLAND4 BENEFIT IN RELATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND ECONOMICAL COMPETITIVENESS 5 OUTLOOK

International ConferenceUniversity of Yoshkar Ola, June 2-5, 2009

W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market

Joshkar OlaJune, 2009

Content


2 WOOD AS MOST IMPORTANT RENEWABLE RESOURCE -AMOUNT AND DEMAND

3 SHORT ROTATION TECHNOLOGY WITH FAST GROWING TREES ON FARMLAND

4 BENEFIT IN RELATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND ECONOMICAL COMPETITIVENESS

5 OUTLOOK


Joshkar OlaJune, 2009 3

Final energy consumption and CO2 emissions in Germany

Source: BMU, 2008

Fin

al en

erg

yco

nsu

mp

tio

n,

TW

h/

a

CO

2 e

mis

sio

ns

; 1

99

0=

10

0%

Process heat

Hot water

Room heating

Power mobile

Power stationary

Co2 emissions

General political strategy:

1 Reducing of national energyconsumption absolutefrom 2500 TWh/a 2000 to 1600 TWh/a 2050 (= - 0.3)

2 More of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) as a share of energy supply(plus 470%)Increasing from 3.8 %2000

to 18.0 %2050 (= +4.7)



National tools for economizing of fossil energies as well as implementation and acceleration of Renewable Energy Sources(RES)

Based on state provided motivation to economize in energy consumption

e.g. - reduced taxes for power resources produced from RES- by laws fixed duty for high level of thermal isolation in new buildings - subsidies for modernisation of heating systems in private houses by the so

named “Market incentive programme”- taxes for cars in relation to the CO2-emission

Laws to promote the production and selling of power resources from RES

e.g. - Duty for energy supply companies to buy electricity produced by RES for guaranteed prices (the so named “Renewable Energies Law”, EEG)



Renewable energy sources (RES) as a share of energy supply in Germany

2004Total: 13,993 PJ

19982000

20022006

20072020

9.8

18 1)

Source: BMU (2008), modified

Shar

e of

RES

of t

otal

fina

l ene

rgy

cons

umpt

ion,

%

1) German Government Targets

3.1



Content





5 OUTLOOK



Source: ZMP (2008)

Volume of felling in selected member states of the EU (in 2007 ; Mio. m3)

Felling total:

GermanySwedenFinlandPolandFranceCzech Rep.AustriaSpainRomaniaLatvia



Scenario of development of the potential timber productionScenario of development of the potential timber production

Source: POLLEY, 2007

Sto

ckin

g v

alu

e,

Billio

n m

³

Po

ten

tial Tim

ber

pro

du

ctio

n,

Mio

. m

³/a

Period Value Potential(*utilization)



Energy from biomass – guide scenario 2008

Use

of

en

erg

yB

iom

ass

, P

J/a

Plants for BtL

Plants for fermentation

Rest materials forfermentation

Other solid biomass

Wood from SRP

Other wooded material

Wood from forestryIndustrial rest wood

Source: Nitsch, 2008

Cultivated areaFor stationary utilisationFor mobile utilisation

47 Mio. m3

79 Mio. m3

57 Mio. m3

Utilisation of Biomass for Energy (Rest materials, biogenic components of waste, energy plants)



Content





5 OUTLOOK



PlantingHarvestingafter 3… 10 years

Recultivationafter >20 years

Product: chips

Product: Short -wood



Objectives of the Objectives of the SShort hort RRotation otation PPlantation technologylantation technology

Wood production by poplar, willow or black locust on farmland with yields of 8 … 12 tatro/ha·a; periodical harvest after 3 years earliest up to 20 years depended of using strategy

In terms of the German guide scenario of biomass-to-energy strategy up to 2050 it needs ca. 1 Mio. ha of SRP for producing of the 20 Mio. m³ additionally fuelwood per annum

Further positive effects on employment in rural areas, improvement of regional infra structure and chances for added value (e.g. refinement, further processing)

Generation of small regional enclosed economic cycles



Content





5 OUTLOOK



Costs of avoidance

Output of avoidance

Heat Electricity & CombinedHeat and Power Fuel

Hea

ting

byC

hips

Chi

ps &

Co-

burn

ung

Stra

wC

o-bu

rnin

g

Biog

as b

ysl

urry

Hea

t& P

ower

Chi

ps h

eat&

pow

er

Production of Bioenergy – Efficiency in CO2-emission avoidingOutput (per hectar) and Costs of CO 2 aequv avoiding Source: Isermeyer et al. (2008) mod.



Prämienfreies Ergebnis ausgewählter Marktfrüchte 2008

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

Wi.-T

ritica

leW

i.-Futt

ergers

te

Brotrog

gen

Plantag

e 10 t

Brauge

rste

Futterw

eizen

Wint

errap

sSpe

iseka

rtoffe

ln

Euro

je H

ekta

r

MarktleistungVollkostenGewinn/Verlust

Market valueFull costsProfit / Loss

Costs and Prices for selected agricultural products

Eu

ro p

er

Hect

ar

Pota

toes

Maltin

gba

rley

Winte

r Rap

e

Fodd

erwhe

at

Rye

for b

red

Fodd

erba

rley

Triti

cale

SRP,

10

t/a

Source: Kroeber/Wagner (2009)



Outlook:

Fuelwood from Short Rotation Plantations (SRP) is playing an important role in the climate protection strategy

SRP’s are competitive in relation to traditional agricultural production

In terms of the Efficiency in CO2 avoidance (€ per ton CO2)wooden chips achieves the best result in relation to other Biomass based energy

Thank you for attention !

The Importance of Short Rotation Plantations in Germany...

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