The High Middle Ages in Europe High Middle Ages: Transition to the Renaissance 800-1500.

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The High Middle Ages in Europe High Middle Ages: Transition to the Renaissance 800-1500

Transcript of The High Middle Ages in Europe High Middle Ages: Transition to the Renaissance 800-1500.

Page 1: The High Middle Ages in Europe High Middle Ages: Transition to the Renaissance 800-1500.

The

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High Middle Ages: Transition to the

Renaissance800-1500

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The Black Death

• What was it?• Deadly plague caused by bacteria that

spread across Europe from 1346-1352• 3 forms: pneumonic (attacked lungs),

septicemic (in blood), & bubonic (caused buboes on body)

• How did it spread?• Originated in China & spread along the

Silk Road & on Italian merchant ships by black rats carrying bacteria-laden fleas (first seen in Sicily & then spread to the rest of Europe)

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• Why couldn’t it be stopped?• People ignorant about the cause, so

blamed the stars, God’s anger, & the Jews• Tried ineffective cures such as pomanders

(oranges/cloves), flagellation (whipping with iron spikes), & repentance of sins

• How did it change life in Europe?• Killed 25 m people (1/3 of population)• Forced farmers to diversify crops, b/c

demand for wheat ↓ (grew fruit, raised meat, made cheese)

• Peasants revolted & demanded freedom• Working class moved to cities to earn

better wages• Reduced the power of feudal lords

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The Hundred Years’ War• How did it begin?

• 1328 French king (Charles IV) died with no male heir—Edward III of England (son-in-law) & Philip of Valois, France (nephew) claimed the throne

• English armies attacked France• Joan of Arc: “inspired by God” to save France

• Convinced crown prince to let her lead an army against the English in 1429

• Pushed out the English, but was captured by English allies in Burgandy & sold to the English, accused of heresy, & burned at the stake in Rouen 1431—sainted as a martyr by the Catholic Church in 1922

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• How did the war help end feudalism in France & England?• People became more patriotic,

more devoted to the king than their feudal lord

• French kings built huge armies w/taxes collected (again, reducing power of nobles)

• Losing French possessions allowed English kings to concentrate on running their country

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The Revival of Trade• Despite plagues & wars, medieval trade

& manufacturing flourished as Europe renewed contact with the eastern world• Crusades increased demand for

luxury goods (silk, spices, ivory, porcelain)

• demand for gold & silver coins arose, so a money economy & banking developed.

• Kings & lords borrowed money to finance wars; merchants became the new “middle class”

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• Led to the rise of commercial capitalism–people invested in trade & goods to make a profit (“commercial revolution”)

• Artisans followed (had the skills to make the items that merchants could sell.)

• Florence became most influential city:• thriving wool & silk trade• sold insurance to sea traders• bankers made loans & exchanged

currencies• wealthy Medici family promoted trade,

banking, the arts, scholarship, & civic pride

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The Rise of Universities• Universities: faculty, students, & degrees

produced educated & trained individuals • 1st European university was in Bologna,

Italy. • By 1500, Europe had 80 universities

• traditional liberal arts curriculum, which included grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, geometry, music, & astronomy• lecture method– read from a basic text &

then added their explanations• earned degrees by passing an oral exam

given after four- six-years of study• after completing the liberal arts

curriculum, a student could continue to study law, medicine, or theology.


High Middle Ages 1000 - 1300. Transition to the High Middle Ages (1050 to 1400) The regional stability of the early middle ages allowed local rulers to.

High Middle Ages 1000 - 1300. Transition to the High Middle Ages (1050 to 1400) The regional stability of the early middle ages allowed local rulers to.

The Early & High Middle Ages

The Early & High Middle Ages

Medieval Literature (Cir. 500-1500). Medium + aevum Mediaeval/ Medieval, Middle Ages Early Middle Ages (Early Medieval Period) High Middle Ages.

Medieval Literature (Cir. 500-1500). Medium + aevum Mediaeval/ Medieval, Middle Ages Early Middle Ages (Early Medieval Period) High Middle Ages.

Periodization Early Middle Ages 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages 1250 - 1500.

Periodization Early Middle Ages 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages 1250 - 1500.

High Middle Ages

High Middle Ages

The Rise of Europe. Dates of the Middle Ages Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

The Rise of Europe. Dates of the Middle Ages Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

The High (Late) Middle Ages

The High (Late) Middle Ages

Middle Ages Timeline Early Middle Ages 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages 1000 - 1500.

Middle Ages Timeline Early Middle Ages 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages 1000 - 1500.

The Early and High Middle Ages. Middle Ages Early Middle Ages 5th to 10th centuries Dark Ages Period of disorder and decline High Middle Ages.

The Early and High Middle Ages. Middle Ages Early Middle Ages 5th to 10th centuries Dark Ages Period of disorder and decline High Middle Ages.

PeriodizationPeriodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 (Dark Age) High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 – 1500 (Renaissance)

PeriodizationPeriodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 (Dark Age) High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 – 1500 (Renaissance)

Periodization CE Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

Periodization CE Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

AP WORLD HISTORY. Periodization CE Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

AP WORLD HISTORY. Periodization CE Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

Dates of the Middle Ages Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

Dates of the Middle Ages Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

High Middle Ages

High Middle Ages

High and Late Middle Ages

High and Late Middle Ages

MIDDLE AGES-REVIVAL. DIVISIONS OF THE MIDDLE AGES 500-1000: Early Middle Ages 1000-1300: High Middle Ages 1300-1500: Late Middle Ages.

MIDDLE AGES-REVIVAL. DIVISIONS OF THE MIDDLE AGES 500-1000: Early Middle Ages 1000-1300: High Middle Ages 1300-1500: Late Middle Ages.

Were the “Dark Ages” really that Dark?. PeriodizationPeriodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1300 Late Middle Ages: 1300-1450.

Were the “Dark Ages” really that Dark?. PeriodizationPeriodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1300 Late Middle Ages: 1300-1450.

High to Late Middle Ages. High Middle Ages –The Middle Ages in Europe had reached a high point in the 1200’s. Life had finally stabilized and become peaceful.

High to Late Middle Ages. High Middle Ages –The Middle Ages in Europe had reached a high point in the 1200’s. Life had finally stabilized and become peaceful.

02x01 - High Middle Ages

02x01 - High Middle Ages

PeriodsPeriods Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

PeriodsPeriods Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.