Retlaw Pipeline Integrity Management System - Harvard Energy
The Harvard System
Transcript of The Harvard System
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The Harvard System: Referencing PhD
Theses, dissertations or Student
ProjectsWithin a bibliography or list of references, the reader needs to know:
AUTHOR'S SURNAME, AUTHOR'S INITIALS,. Year of publication. Title of
project or dissertation(in italics or underlined). Level of Qualification, Name of
University.
Example:
LEVINE, D.,1993.A parallel genetic algorithm for the set
partitioning problem. Ph.D. thesis, Illinois Institute ofTechnology.
The Harvard System: Referencing a
newspaper article
Within a bibliography or list of references, the reader needs to know:
AUTHOR'S SURNAME, AUTHOR'S INITIALS,. Year of publication. Title ofarticle. Title of newspaper (in italics or underlined). Day published, Page number
of article (if given).
For electronic resources add:
[online] after the title of the article, and Available from: (URL). Accessed [date] at
the end of the reference.
Example:
HASSELL, N., 2004. Gilts investors take profits. Times [online]10 August. Available from: http://web.lexis-nexis.com/xchange-international [Accessed 8 August 2004].
BORGER,J., 2005. Mayor issues SOS as chaos tightens its grip.Guardian [online] 2 September. Available from:http://www.guardian.co.uk/katrina/story/0,16441,1561314,00.html[Accessed 2 September 2005]
http://www.guardian.co.uk/katrina/story/0,16441,1561314,00.htmlhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/katrina/story/0,16441,1561314,00.htmlhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/katrina/story/0,16441,1561314,00.htmlhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/katrina/story/0,16441,1561314,00.html -
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The Harvard System: Referencing
(e-)journal articles
Some journal articles are published in print only, some in print and online (of whichsome are exact copies and some will appear in a different format), and some online
only. In all cases, the version you cite should be the version that you have seen.
Within a bibliography or list of references, the reader needs to know:
AUTHOR'S SURNAME, AUTHOR'S INITIALS,. Year of publication. Title of
journal article. Title of journal (in italics or underlined). Volume number. Part
number (in brackets). Page number of article.
For e-journals
Add:
[online] after the Title of Journal, and Available from: (URL). [Accessed date]. at
the end of the reference:
AUTHOR'S SURNAME, AUTHOR'S INITIALS,. Year of publication. Title of
journal article. Title of journal (in italics or underlined) [online]. Volume number.
Part number (in brackets). Page number of article. Available from: (URL).
[Accessed date].
Examples:
NICOLLE, L.,1990. Data protection: laying down the law.Management Computing, 13(12), pp 48-49, 52.
CHRISTENSEN, P., 2004. The health-promoting family: aconceptual framework for future research. Social Science andMedicine [online], 59(2), pp 223-243. Available from:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02779536[Accessed 5 May 2004].
BALDWIN, C.M., KROESEN, K., et al., 2004. Complementary andalternative medicine: a concept map. BMC Complementary andAlternative Medicine [online] 4:2 (13 February 2004). Availablefrom: http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1472-6882-4-2.pdf [Accessed 5 May 2004].
SANDLER, M.P., 2003. The art of publishing methods. Journal ofNuclear Medicine [online], 44, pp 661-662. Available from:http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/vol44/issue5/index.shtml[Accessed 2 September 2005].
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The Harvard System:
Contributions/chapter in an edited
bookWithin a bibliography or list of references, the reader needs to know:
AUTHOR'S SURNAME, AUTHOR'S INITIAL,. Year of publication.In: Title of
contribution. AUTHOR or EDITOR of Publication (with initials, surname with
ed or eds of relevant). Title of Book (in italics or underlined). Edition (if not the
first). Volume number (if part of a series). Place of publication: Publisher. Year
of publication of Book. Page numbers of contribution.
Example:
SMITH, C.,1980. Problems of information studies in history. In:S. STONE, ed. Humanities information research. Sheffield:CRUS, 1980, pp 27-30.
For electronic resources:
Add:
[online] after the Title of Book, and Available from: (URL). [Accessed date]. at the
end of the reference.
i.e.
AUTHOR'S SURNAME, AUTHOR'S INITIAL,. Year of publication. Title of
contribution.In: AUTHOR or EDITOR of Publication (with initials, surname with ed
or eds of relevant). Title of Book (in italics or underlined)[online] . Edition (if not the
first). Volume number (if part of a series). Place of publication: Publisher. Year of
publication of Book. Page numbers of contribution. Avaliable from: (URL).
[Accessed date].
Example:
WESTMORLAND, L., 2000. Taking the flak: operational policing,fear and violence. In: G. LEE-TREWEEK and S. LINKOGLE, eds.Danger in the field: risk and ethics in social research [online].London: Routledge, pp 26-42. Available from:http://www.netlibrary.com/ [Accessed 25 May 2004]
NOTE: When referring to specific pages in a book 'pp' is used. Use 'p' if referring to a
single page.
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The Harvard System: (E-)Book or
report
The principle of referencing is that the reader can locate the source of informationsolely from the reference that you have provided.
The reader needs to know:
AUTHOR'S SURNAME, AUTHOR'S INITIALS., Year of publication. Title (in
italics or underlined). Edition (if not the first).
Place of publication: Publisher.
Examples:
HEMINGWAY, E., 2003. Better reading French: a reader andguide to improving your understanding of written French.Chicago: McGraw-Hill.
SOMERVILLE, I.,1992. Software engineering. 4th ed. Reading,MA: Addison-Wesley.
For electronic resources:
Add:
[online] after the Title of Book, and Available from: (URL). [Accessed date]. at the
end of the reference.
AUTHOR'S SURNAME, AUTHOR'S INITIALS., Year of publication. Title (in
italics or underlined) [online]. Edition (if not the first).
Place of publication: Publisher. Available from: (URL). [Accessed date].
Example:
HEMINGWAY, E., 2003. Better reading French: a reader and
guide to improving your understanding of written French[online]. Chicago: McGraw-Hill. Available from:http://www.netlibrary.com [Accessed 25 August 2004].
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. 2002. National service frameworkfor diabetes: delivery strategy[online]. London: Department ofHealth. Available from:http://www.dh.gov.uk/assetRoot/04/03/28/23/04032823.pdf[Accessed 5 May 2004].
Publications compiled by an editor
If the book has an editor then ed. or eds. is added after the name/s.
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Example:
BIGSBY, C., ed. 1997. The Cambridge companion to ArthurMiller. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
HOLT, G., HARDY, S., and BOURAS, N., eds. Mental health inlearning disabilities : a reader. 3rd ed. Brighton: Pavilion.
Publication part of a series
Include that information after the title.
Example:
GOULDEN, C., 2001.At the margins: drug use by vulnerableyoung people in the 1998/99 youth style survey. Home OfficeResearch Study 228. London: Home Office.
GOULDEN, C., 2001.At the margins: drug use by vulnerableyoung people in the 1998/99 youth style survey[online]. HomeOffice Research Study 228. London: Home Office. Availablefrom:http://www.drugs.gov.uk/ReportsandPublications/YoungPeople/1033739599 [Accessed 2 September 2005].
The Harvard System: Referencing aforeign language publication
You may choose to reference the original title of a foreign language publication in the
usual way. However, you may want to translate the title of the book or article or
include the original foreign language title for a translation. If so, use square brackets
for the added title.
Any elements not in the Roman alphabet should be transliterated or romanised if
necessary:
GORKI, M., 1955. The artamonous [Delo artamonovykh].Translated from the Russian by Alex Brown. London: FolioSociety.
MOMMENS, V., Louis, R., D'Orio, V., 2004. Prise en charge desexacerbations d'asthame [French] [Treatment