The First Successful English Colony. 1587 Colony off the coast of present- day North Carolina....
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Transcript of The First Successful English Colony. 1587 Colony off the coast of present- day North Carolina....
The First Successful English Colony
1587 Colony off the coast of present- day North Carolina.
Leader John White left to England for more supplies.
When White returned the colonists disappeared. Carved on a doorpost CROATOAN!!!!
Until this day no one knows what happen to the colony????
After Raleigh’s failure with Roanoke, individual people stopped funding colonies
Joint stock companies started• a business in which investors combine their
money in order to make a profit London Company (founded Jamestown) Plymouth Company (Plymouth Mass)
Once a joint stock company got a charter, they could establish a colony• a written contract from a government that gave
the companies permission to create a colony
First permanent English settlement with more than 100 colonists
Began with problem• Bad location- swampy• Disease- malaria- carrying
mosquitoes• Spent more time mining for
gold than building a settlement or planting crops
Climate• Summer- hot and humid• Winter- bitter cold
Gentlemen: did not work with their hands/labor.
Only 38 of the original 100 were still alive
John Smith takes over in January• Made physical improvements
built a protective wall around the colony
• Got colonists working “He that will not work shall not
eat.”• Improved relations with
Powhatan Indians Got them to trade corn with the
settlers• Injured in an explosion and
had to leave in 1609• That same year about 500
more settlers arrived
Growing tensions with Indians• Indians stopped trading
food• Increased attacks on the
settlers Colonists afraid to leave fort
Starving Time• Colonists ate rats, mice,
snakes & people• Only 60 survived in 1610• The next spring they
were saved again Supply ships brought food,
more settlers, and soldiers a new governor who imposed
more discipline
John Rolfe arrives with a crop that will make Jamestown rich• a high grade version of
tobacco• tobacco became a cash
crop a crop grown in order to be
sold for money instead of personal use (food, clothes, shelter, etc.)
Became widespread and popular
Colony became more of a business than a colony• Colonists seen as employees• Colonists wanted their share of the profit
Virginia Company eventually let settlers own land• This caused them to work even harder on harvesting tobacco
First African American slaves came Population more than tripled in 2 years More workers were needed but not many people could afford
the passage Indentured servitude was also a way to increase the
amount of workers • a person who sold his or her labor in exchange for passage to America• after they paid the money back they were free to own their own land
John Rolf married Pocahontas.
Perhaps to bring peace between Natives and English.
John Rolf dies in Indian attack.
Pocahontas goes to England and at young age dies of small pox.