The Era of Good Feelings 1817-1825. Election of James Monroe Election of 1817- James Monroe elected...
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Transcript of The Era of Good Feelings 1817-1825. Election of James Monroe Election of 1817- James Monroe elected...
The Era of Good Feelings1817-1825
Election of James Monroe
Election of 1817- James Monroe elected as 5th President
Symbol of the era Fought in the revolution- wintered at Valley Forge
Served as a minister to both France and Britain
Served as both Secretary of State and War during the War of 1812
His presidency is known as a time of political peace Monroe hoped for a country without political parties
Collapse of the Federalist party
Political Values and Changes
Despite rivalry, Republican party adopted many Federalist policies during this time. Second National Banks- stabilize currency, protective tariff,
Internal improvements- transportation(roads, canals, etc.)
Standing army- 20,000 men.
Trying to fix the problems that almost allowed the British to win the War of 1812
Henry Clay- Kentucky War Hawk
“American System”- economic plan for the federal government to protect American industry
Finances…again
Inflation- more money in circulation, less precious metal backing up each note. More money is needed to represent the same value. To Finance the War of 1812, private banks issued notes and
loans for more than they had in gold and silver
Ex. One Rhode Island Bank issued $580,000, but only had $86.40 in gold and silver to back it up.
Temporary default and bankruptcy during the War, led to the creation of the 2nd National bank, hoping to lend stability
American Industry
War of 1812 pushed Americans to manufacture more here, instead of importing from other nations
However, at the end of the War, English goods flooded the market, selling goods below their actual value as a way to damage American industry
Protective Tariff instituted to allow young American industry to compete
In the Supreme Court
John Marshall (ambassador under John Adams to France)- Chief Justice
Important Decisions Marbury v. Madison- (1803) established right of the court to
declare acts of Congress unconstitutional
McCullough v. Maryland-(1819)- established the constitutionality of the National Bank
Established that the Supreme Court had authority over the federal and state governments to declare actions and laws unconstitutional.
Expansion
After the War of 1812, explosion of expansion- 5 states are admitted to Union Louisiana- 1812
Indiana- 1816
Mississippi- 1817
Illinois- 1818
Alabama- 1819
Improvements in transportation became necessary- roads and canals
Much argument over where would get the improvements and the Constitutionality
Foreign Affairs
1815- Ended raids by the Barbary pirates of American shipping in the Mediterranean
1817- Resolve unfinished issues with Britain- boundary with Canada, ships on the Great Lakes, Oregon territory
1817- Concern over Florida- still under Spanish control Pirates, slaves, and native Americans would use Florida as a
base for raiding Georgia
Andrew Jackson- sent to punish Indians, instead, destroyed villages, overthrew governor
Uproar in Washington- John Quincy Adams (secretary of state) told Spain they needed to police Florida better or give it to the United States
Decided it was inevitable, sold Florida for $5 million in damages
The Monroe Doctrine
Worried that European powers (Spain, Russia) would attempt to retake old colonies
Monroe issues a statement, saying that the Western Hemisphere is closed to further European colonization, and that the US would oppose any action to establish colonies- became known as the Monroe Doctrine
Exit Ticket- answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper
The Monroe Doctrine- Good or bad? Did we have the right to make this statement?
What would the consequences be if we hadn’t?
What would you have done?