The End of the The End of the EmpireEmpire

The Fall of Napoleon IThe Fall of Napoleon I

The FallThe Fall In 1812, Napoleon decided to invade Russia. In 1812, Napoleon decided to invade Russia.

Napoleon assembled an army of over 500,000 Napoleon assembled an army of over 500,000 soldiers, and in May 1812, he led this Grand soldiers, and in May 1812, he led this Grand Army into Russia.Army into Russia.

During the retreat, the bitterly cold Russian During the retreat, the bitterly cold Russian winter turned the French victory into a winter turned the French victory into a disastrous defeat. Thousands of Napoleon’s disastrous defeat. Thousands of Napoleon’s soldiers starved or froze to death. The soldiers starved or froze to death. The Russian army attacked the stragglers. Fewer Russian army attacked the stragglers. Fewer than 100,000 escaped from Russiathan 100,000 escaped from Russia

The Fall ContinuedThe Fall Continued

Although Napoleon had gained absolute Although Napoleon had gained absolute power for himself he still faced many power for himself he still faced many enemies outside of Franceenemies outside of France– PrussiaPrussia– RussiaRussia– SwedenSweden– Austria Austria – BritainBritain

A powerful alliance made A powerful alliance made up of Britain, Austria, up of Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia Russia, and Prussia pounced on the pounced on the weakened French army weakened French army as it limped out of as it limped out of Russia. Napoleon rushed Russia. Napoleon rushed home to raise a new home to raise a new army, but his efforts army, but his efforts failed. In March 1814, failed. In March 1814, the allies captured Paris. the allies captured Paris. Napoleon abdicated and Napoleon abdicated and went into exile on the went into exile on the island of Elba, off the island of Elba, off the coast of Italy.coast of Italy.

The Napoleonic WarsThe Napoleonic Wars

In 1807 Russia, Austria, and Sweden In 1807 Russia, Austria, and Sweden formed an alliance against France and formed an alliance against France and went to warwent to war

Prussia joined the war a year laterPrussia joined the war a year later Napoleons armies rolled over the Napoleons armies rolled over the

armies of the alliancearmies of the alliance All of the members of the alliance were All of the members of the alliance were

forced to seek peace and give up land forced to seek peace and give up land to Franceto France

The Napoleonic WarsThe Napoleonic Wars

Some of these lands were added Some of these lands were added to France but others were ruled by to France but others were ruled by Napoleon’s relatives and loyal Napoleon’s relatives and loyal generalsgenerals

Napoleon spread some of the Napoleon spread some of the ideas of the revolutionideas of the revolution

He also extended his own powerHe also extended his own power The people out side of France soon The people out side of France soon

grew to hate Napoleongrew to hate Napoleon

The Napoleonic WarsThe Napoleonic Wars

The one enemy France could not The one enemy France could not defeat was Britaindefeat was Britain

At the battle of Trafalgar the French At the battle of Trafalgar the French fleet was sunk by a British fleet fleet was sunk by a British fleet commanded by Lord Admiral Nelsoncommanded by Lord Admiral Nelson

As an invasion of Britain would As an invasion of Britain would prove impossible Napoleon decided prove impossible Napoleon decided to attack Britain economicallyto attack Britain economically

The Continental The Continental SystemSystem The continental system made trade The continental system made trade

with Britain forbidden for any country with Britain forbidden for any country under French rule or allied with Franceunder French rule or allied with France

This plan was nearly impossible to This plan was nearly impossible to enforce and did not harm the Britishenforce and did not harm the British

Napoleon was unable to stop British Napoleon was unable to stop British smuggling and trade with the United smuggling and trade with the United StatesStates

The plan also required Napoleon to The plan also required Napoleon to police Europepolice Europe

The Peninsular WarThe Peninsular War

When Portugal refused to follow the When Portugal refused to follow the Continental System Napoleon was Continental System Napoleon was forced to invadeforced to invade

He also attacked Spain at the same timeHe also attacked Spain at the same time In 1808 Napoleon had defeated Spain In 1808 Napoleon had defeated Spain

and set up his brother as Kingand set up his brother as King The Spanish continued to fight a guerilla The Spanish continued to fight a guerilla

war and after 5 years drove the French war and after 5 years drove the French outout

The Invasion of RussiaThe Invasion of Russia

In 1812 Russia began trading with In 1812 Russia began trading with Britain and again Napoleon invadedBritain and again Napoleon invaded

Napoleon created an army of over Napoleon created an army of over 600,000 men to attack Russia600,000 men to attack Russia

The Russians knew they could not beat The Russians knew they could not beat the French so they retreated east the French so they retreated east burning crops and buildings as they burning crops and buildings as they wentwent

Napoleon reached Moscow in October Napoleon reached Moscow in October and found it burningand found it burning

The Invasion of RussiaThe Invasion of Russia

On October 19, 1812 Napoleon On October 19, 1812 Napoleon ordered a retreat from Russiaordered a retreat from Russia

The march home decimated the armyThe march home decimated the army They were lacking supplies and the They were lacking supplies and the

Russian winter took a heavy tollRussian winter took a heavy toll The Russians also attacked the French The Russians also attacked the French

at several points along the wayat several points along the way Napoleon returned to France having Napoleon returned to France having

lost his armylost his army

The Battle of NationsThe Battle of Nations

As soon as Napoleon returned As soon as Napoleon returned from Russia Prussia, Sweden, from Russia Prussia, Sweden, Austria, and Russia attacked Austria, and Russia attacked FranceFrance

They defeated the French at They defeated the French at Leipzig and then attacked ParisLeipzig and then attacked Paris

In 1814 Napoleon was forced to In 1814 Napoleon was forced to abdicateabdicate

ReviewReview

The Major Events leading to the The Major Events leading to the fall of Napoleon werefall of Napoleon were– The Continental SystemThe Continental System– The Peninsular WarThe Peninsular War– The Invasion of RussiaThe Invasion of Russia

VideoVideo

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