The Electromagnetic Spectrum
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Transcript of The Electromagnetic Spectrum
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MAP TAP 2003-2004 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Wavelength/frequency/energy
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Teacher Page
• Content: Physical Science—The Electromagnetic Spectrum
• Grade Level: High School
• Creator: Dorothy Walk
• Curriculum Objectives: SC 1; Intro Phys/Chem IV.A (waves)
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What is it?
• The electromagnetic spectrum is the complete spectrum or continuum of light including radio waves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet light, X-rays and gamma rays
• An electromagnetic wave consists of electric and magnetic fields which vibrates thus making waves.
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Waves
• Properties of waves include speed, frequency and wavelength
• Speed (s), frequency (f) and wavelength () are related in the formula x f = s
• All light travels at a speed of 3 s 108 m/s in a vacuum
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Wavelength, Frequency and Energy
• Since all light travels at the same speed, wavelength and frequency have an indirect relationship.
• Light with a short wavelength will have a high frequency and light with a long wavelength will have a low frequency.
• Light with short wavelengths has high energy and long wavelength has low energy
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Radio waves
• Low energy waves with long wavelengths• Includes FM, AM, radar and TV waves• Wavelengths of 10-1m and longer• Low frequency • Used in many devices such as remote control
items, cell phones, wireless devices, etc.
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Microwaves
• Longer than radio, shorter than light and infrared
• Wavelength 1 x 10 - 4 m to 1 x 10-1 m
• First used in radar, now used in communication, medicine and consumer use (microwave ovens)
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Infrared waves
• Invisible electromagnetic waves that are detected as heat
• Can be detected with special devices such as night goggles
• Used in heat lamps• Higher energy than microwaves
but lower than visible light
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Visible Light
• The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that human eyes can detect
• ROY G BIV (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet)
• Red is the lowest frequency and violet is the highest frequency
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Ultraviolet waves
• Higher energy than light waves
• Can cause skin cancer and blindness in humans
• Used in tanning beds and sterilizing equipment
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X-Rays
• High energy waves• First discovered by
Roentgen • Used in medicine,
industry and astronomy• Can cause cancer
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Gamma rays
• Highest energy• Blocked from Earth’s surface
by atmosphere
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Time to think…..
• 1. What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength?
• 2. What is meant by ‘spectrum’?
• 3. What does ROY G BIV mean?
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Now, let’s really think
• 4. Can you actually see x-rays?– Support your answer.
• 5. Which color is more energetic, red or yellow?
• 6. Which type of wave travels faster, gamma or radio?
• 7. Why are microwaves more dangerous than radio waves?
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Think about it….
• You have just been involved in a traffic incident that leaves you stranded on the side of the road. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum would be of the most use to you and why?
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Answers• 1. Frequency and wavelength are properties of waves and since
speed is constant for em waves, as frequency increases, wavelength decreases.
• 2. Spectrum is a continuum of all electromagnetic waves• 3, ROY G BIV is the difference colors of the visible light in order of
longest wavelength to shortest wavelength.• 4. X-rays can not be seen, only the waves in the visible light portion
are visible.• 5. Yellow is higher energy than red because it has a shorter
wavelength and higher frequency.• 6. Both travel at the same speed, 300,000 km/s (all em waves travel
at the same speed)• 7. Microwaves have a higher frequency than radio and carry more
energy.