The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?
-
Upload
helen-merritt -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
2
Transcript of The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?
![Page 1: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Digestive SystemChapter 13
Why Do We Eat?
![Page 2: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
What is digestion?
![Page 3: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Let’s find out what happened to your breakfast today!
![Page 4: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
DigestionProcessing of Food
(copy)
• Type one • Mechanical (physical)• Chewing• Tearing• Grinding• Mashing• Mixing
![Page 5: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
(Copy)
• Type two • Chemical• Catabolic
reactions• Enzymatic
hydrolysis• Carbohydrates• Proteins• Lipids
![Page 6: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Ingestion• Movement• Digestion• Secretion• Absorption• Excretion
Functions of the digestive system(copy)
![Page 7: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
(Copy)• Gastrointestinal System
• Includes alimentary canal and accessory organs
• Accessory organs: Salivary glands, tongue, teeth, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
![Page 8: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Steps in Digestion(Copy)
• Mouth – Crushing and grinding• Stomach – Chemical Breakdown• Small Intestine – Useful material
extracted• Colon – Water removal
![Page 9: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Mouth-mechanical digestion mastication) = teeth, tongue-chemical digestion = saliva
Uvula – prevents food entering the nose
Alimentary canal (copy)2 main functions:•Digesting and absorbing nutrients•Protecting from invasion
![Page 10: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
(COPY)
Epiglottis – safety hatch. A flap of cartilage prevents food from entering the trachea
Trachea - windpipe
![Page 11: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Swallowing (Copy)
Sequence• Voluntary stage
• Push food to back of mouth
• Esophageal stage• Open esophagus• Start peristalsis
![Page 12: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Oesophagus (Copy)-transfers food to stomach by peristalsis
Cardiac sphincter
-opens to allow food oesophagus stomach
-heartburn –acid escapes stomach
![Page 13: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Peristalsis and Segmentation
![Page 14: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
http://35.9.122.184/images/41-AnimalNutrition/41-16-Duodenum-L.gif
(Copy) Stomach
Stores the food you eatDigestion = chemically - breaks it down into tiny pieces
= mechanical – mixes food with digestive juices acid in the stomach kills bacteria
Cardiac sphincter
Pyloric sphincter
Slowly releases food into intestine
![Page 15: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Small Intestine (copy)Around 6m in an adultFood takes 1-6 h to pass throughEnzymes and bile are added2 main tasks = digestion, absorption
nutrients pass into bloodstream through small intestine walls
![Page 16: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Anatomy of the Large Intestine
![Page 17: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Large Intestine (copy)
• About 1.5 meters long• Accepts what small
intestines don’t absorb.
• Absorbs water and minerals from the waste matter.
![Page 18: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Liver (copy)
• Directly affects digestion by producing bile• Bile is an
enzyme that helps dissolve fat
• Processes nutrients in the blood, filters out toxins and waste.
![Page 19: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
Related Organs
![Page 20: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Gall Bladder (copy)
• Stores bile from the liver
• Delivers bile when food is digested
• Fatty diets can cause gallstones
![Page 21: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Pancreas (copy)
• Produces compounds to digest fats and proteins
• Neutralizes acids that enter small intestine
• Regulates blood sugar by producing insulin
![Page 22: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
The Organs and Positions in the Abdominal Cavity
![Page 23: The Digestive System Chapter 13 Why Do We Eat? 2 What is digestion?](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070400/56649f135503460f94c26fb8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Rectum and Anus (copy)
• Rectum• About 15cm
long• Stores waste
before egesting.
• Anus• Muscular ring
that controls egesting.