The Dead Guys & The Old Pieces of Paper John Locke, Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, Baron De...
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Transcript of The Dead Guys & The Old Pieces of Paper John Locke, Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, Baron De...
The Dead Guys &
The Old Pieces of Paper
John Locke, Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, Baron De
Montesquieu, et al&
The Magna Carta and the Mayflower Compact
The Road to the Government of the US
John Locke (1632-1704)•English•Labor theory of value (I)
•Life, liberty, and property
•Government is to protect
•Right to revolution
•The Second Treatise on Civil Government
http://www.cpm.ll.ehime-u.ac.jp/AkamacHomePage/Akamac_E-text_Links/Locke.html
Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527)
•Italian•Politics and patriotism•Power•The Prince
The Prince•What is the purpose of the book?
•What characteristics does Machiavelli say are key to a good leader?
The Prince, of today?
How do Machiavelli’s ideas apply today?
QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.
Adam Smith (1723-1790)•Scottish•Political economist
•Economic freedom/free market
•Government ensures fairness
•Value Theory (II)•1776 - Wealth of Nations
http://www.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3ll3/smith/
John Stuart Mill (1806-1873)
•England•Scholar•Self-development key
•On Liberty 1859
•Truth
http://www.econ.duke.edu/Economists/Gifs/Mill.gif
"One person with a belief is equal to a force of ninety-nine who have only interest."
-John Stuart Mill
Baron de Montesquieu•Bordeaux, France 1689
•Types of Government
•Balance of Power•Balanced system of government - 3 tiers.
•On the Spirit of Laws
http://www.rjgeib.com/thoughts/montesquieu/montesquieu-bio.html
Magna Carta, 1215•“Seeds of
Democracy”•England•King John of England and the Barons
•War with France•Council of Barons•Legal rights
http://www.nara.gov/exhall/charters/magnacarta/magmain.html
Mayflower Compact, 1620
•Pilgrims/Separatists•Religious persecution•First basis in the new world for written laws
•Self-government•Laws for good of Colony
http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/revolution/revgfx/may-compact.jpg
The Original
Declarationof
Independence
~~~~~~~~~~25 original
copies
http://www.nara.gov/exhall/charters/declaration/decorig.jpg
The Stone
Document Engravin
gPlate1823
http://www.nara.gov/exhall/charters/declaration/decstone.jpg
The DOI Finds a Home
•Travels1776-1921•Library of Congress1924-1941
•1941-1945 Fort Knox
•1952 -present National Archives
•Bombproof•Archival Measureshttp://www.nara.gov/exhall/charters/charters.html
Take two minutes and answer the following on an even side in
your notebook.•If you were starting a new country, what are the two most important things you would need first and how would you obtain/create them?
The Articles Aren’t Working!
Creating the US Constitution
Help!
The Articles of Confederation
•“League of Friendship”•Weak Central Government•Declare War•Make peace treaties, regulate trade w/Native Americans•Some foreign trade
The AOC Could NOT...
•Create common currency.•Tax.•Create a military.•Be amended with out unanimous consent.
Shays’ Rebellion•Daniel Shays•Soldiers unpaid.
•Rebellion in Massachusetts
•No trial Jail
•Shays flees.
Independence Hall
http://www.libertynet.org/iha/tour/_indhall.html http://www.cr.nps.gov/worldheritage/ind.htm
James Madison “Father of the Constitution”•Virginia Landowner
•Scholar•Government and Political Philosophy
•1776, VA’s constitution•Supported Hamilton for a constitutional convention
The Delegates•55 of 74 attended•35 with legal training•All with political experience
•14 from leading families•Most had money•Most with families.
George Washington
•May, 1787•Closed
windows
•J. Madison
secretary
Virginia Plan •3 Branches of Government•Ultra-Strong Central Government•Representation by population
•Central Government may more easily raise revenue and regulate commerce
•Equal representation•Supreme law of the States
New Jersey Plan
The Great Compromise
•House of Representatives - population
•Senate - 2 per state“Three-Fifths”
Compromise•Slavery
The US Constitution
•Provides a framework for government.
•7 articles.
The National Archives Rotunda