The Cold War

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Lesson: Cold War

Cold War RootsGeorge Marshall & Winston Churchill

Communist Containment:Truman DoctrineBerlin Blockade

Cuban Missile Crisis

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Cold War Roots• During WWII the United States and the Soviet Union had been allies.• However, after the war the two countries were enemies with one

another because of political ideologies (communism vs. democracy).• The U.S. allied itself with other western democracies to combat the

U.S.S.R and their communist allies.

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enlargement of the map.

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This map shows the division in the world between democratic powers and communist powers.

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George Marshall & Winston ChurchillMarshall Plan• On June 5, 1947, George C. Marshall proposed

a plan to help reconstruct the battle ridden areas of Europe economically.

• The U.S. invited the Soviet Union to help with this plan, but they declined. The U.S. along with 16 other Western European Nations formed the program.

• Although the program was directed to help fight the disaster ridden areas, the plan also hurt the Soviet Union.

• By pouring million of dollars into European nations, the U.S. not only helped those countries prosper but also gained allies who were near the Soviet Union’s territory. The Marshall Plan heightened the friction between the United States and the Soviet Union

The Iron Curtain• In a speech on March 5, 1946, Winston

Churchill announced that “an iron curtain had descended across the continent”.

• The term “iron curtain” has been used since to describe the dividedness between communist and democratic countries.

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Communist Containment

Truman Doctrine• In 1947, Harry Truman asked

Congress to support his plan to give $400,000 dollars in aid to “support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures“.

• This money went to support countries like Turkey and Greece, who the U.S. didn’t want to fall to communist regimes.

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Communist ContainmentBerlin Blockade• Because of the Potsdam

Agreement, Germany was split into four sections, and the city of Berlin was split up additionally within the Soviet controlled section of the country.

• From June 1948 to May 1949 the Soviet Union cut off all supply routes to the Western controlled parts of Berlin.

• To overcome the lack of supplies, the U.S. began an airlift to provide the city with the needed provisions.

Berlin

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Communist ContainmentCuban Missile Crisis

• In 1962, the Soviet Union, led by Nikita Krushchev, began to store medium and intermediate ballistic missiles in Cuba.

• For the United States, these missiles were too close to the country and many feared the Soviet Union would launch an attack.

• President Kennedy wanted these missiles and all other weapons removed from Cuba.

• After many tense days, the Soviet Union backed down and removed the missiles.

• The Cuban Missile Crisis was the most intense confrontation of the Cold War.

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Question #1

Which country was the United States allied with during WWII?

Germany

Soviet Union Italy

Japan

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Question #2

China

Canada Australia

France

Which of the following was not an ally of the United States during the Cold War?

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Question #3

True False

True or False: George Marshall announced that an “an iron curtain had descended across the continent”.

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Question #4

Marshall Plan

Truman Doctrine Cuban Missile Crisis

Potsdam Agreement

What was the name of the plan that funded money to Greece and Turkey to prevent them from falling into communist

regimes?

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Question #5

6 Months

2 Years 3 Years

1 Year

About how long did the Berlin Blockade last?

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CORRECT! The U.S. was allied with the

Soviet Union.

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John F. Kennedy

CORRECT! The U.S. was not allied with

Communist China.

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John F. Kennedy

CORRECT! It was Winston

Churchill who announced

that an Iron Curtain had descended.

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John F. Kennedy

CORRECT! The name of the plan was the Truman Doctrine.

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John F. Kennedy

CORRECT! The Berlin Blockade lasted for

about 1 year.

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John F. Kennedy

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Nikita Krushchev

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Nikita Krushchev

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Nikita Krushchev

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Nikita Krushchev

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Nikita Krushchev

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INTRODUCTION• Subject – U.S. History: The Cold

War• Grade Level – Grade 10• Description – This lesson plan

and accompanying game will teach the Cold War and it’s influence on the Marshall Plan, Communist Containment, and the Cuban Missile Crisis.

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See References

Ethel & Julius Rosenberg were executed for giving information about the nuclear bomb to the Communist, Soviet Union.

References• Grade Level – 10. content-8. Explain how the Cold War

and related conflicts influenced• U.S. foreign policy after 1945 with emphasis on:• a. The Marshall Plan;• b. Communist containment, including the Truman• Doctrine, Berlin Blockade and Cuban Missile Crisis;• http://www.ode.state.oh.us/GD/Templates/Pages/ODE/

ODEDetail.aspx?page=3&TopicRelationID=335&ContentID=852&Content=32668

• http://www.trumanlibrary.org/teacher/doctrine.htm• http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq90-1.htm• Wikipedia.org

• Pictures• http://images.encarta.msn.com/• http://www• www.atomicarchive.com/Bios/

RosenbergPhoto.shtml.johndclare.net• timesonline.typepad.com/.../was_churchill_w.html• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_blockade• http://johnfenzel.typepad.com

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