The Boiling Technique:
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Transcript of The Boiling Technique:
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University
The Boiling Technique:The Boiling Technique: A Method for Obtaining Quality Postmortem Impressions A Method for Obtaining Quality Postmortem Impressions
from Deteriorating Friction Ridge Skinfrom Deteriorating Friction Ridge Skin
Miss Oranee BudalengID. 49312371
Faculty of ScienceFaculty of ScienceSilpakorn UniversitySilpakorn University
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Introduction
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University
These influences include:These influences include:
• Fauna (animals or insects). Fauna (animals or insects).
• Fire (charring). Fire (charring).
• Water (maceration) Water (maceration)
• Weather (cold, heat, or humidity)Weather (cold, heat, or humidity)
Introduction
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Introduction
Figure 1: Water-damaged body with macerated hands
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Introduction
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University
The Boiling Technique:The Boiling Technique: A Method for Obtaining Quality Postmortem Impressions A Method for Obtaining Quality Postmortem Impressions
from Deteriorating Friction Ridge Skinfrom Deteriorating Friction Ridge Skin
Introduction
Aaron J. UhleMajor Incident Program Manager
Latent Print Support UnitFBI Laboratory
Quantico, Virginia
Richard L. LeasLatent Fingerprint Examiner
Oak Ridge Associated Universities
Oak Ridge, Tennessee
Forensic Science Communications July 2007 – Volume 9 – Number 3
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Introduction
• When friction ridge skin is compromised by various destructive influences, it often breaks down into flaccid skin with no discernible friction ridge detail.
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Introduction
• The boiling technique is a simple procedure that uses boiling water to recondition friction ridge skin.
- rehydrates the skin, exposing friction ridge detail.
- quality impressions, even from the most distressed bodies, can be recovered
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Introduction
• Works best on pliable friction ridge skin in an advanced of decomposition
• This involves the degeneration of the skin, resulting in the destruction or absence of the epidermal (outer) layer, exposed dermal (inner) skin with little or no visible friction ridge detail.
- Although the boiling technique has been used on epidermal skin, it is most effective in reconditioning the dermal skin
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University
Equipment and Materials
Supplies Protective Equipment
Adhesive lifters (Handiprint*)Black fingerprint powderElectric hot pot Electrical outletFingerprint brush (short-bristled)Fingerprint magnifierIsopropyl alcoholPalm-print cardsSoapSpongeStandard fingerprint cardsTap waterTransparent fingerprint cards**Towels
Lab coatsProtective glassesLatex or nitrile gloves
Equipment and Materials
*For information, go to http://www.kinderprint.com. **Transparent ten-print cards can be made by photocopying a standard ten-print card onto a transparency.
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Equipment and Materials
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Equipment and Materials
Figure 4: Electric hot pots containing boiling water
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Equipment and Materials
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Equipment and Materials
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University
Procedure
Universal safety precautions must be followedwhen handling all human remains.
Procedure
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 1
Fig 1 Putrefied hand
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 1
Removal of contaminants with a sponge and warm, soapy water
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 1
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 2
Fig 4 Electric hot pots containing boiling water
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 2
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 2
Fig 5 Placement of hand into boiling water. The arm of the body is bent back towardthe head to allow the examiner to safely perform the boiling technique without assistance.
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 2
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 2
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 2
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 3
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 3
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 3
Figure 7: Adhesive lifter wrapped around and removed from a powdered finger,leaving a recording of the friction ridge impression on the adhesive surface.
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 3
Figure 8: Fingerprint reviewed by the examiner to confirm that a clear andcomplete impression was recorded that is of suitable quality for comparison
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Step 3
Figure 9: Adhesive lifter affixed to the correctfingerprint block of a transparent ten-print card
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Result
the South Asian tsunami (December 2004)
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University
Figure 11:
Result
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Result
Figure 12
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Result
Katrina (August 2005) in the U.S. Gulf Coast region
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University
DiscussionDiscussion
Discussion
• The technique uses boiling water to elicit thermodynamic and osmotic responses that rehydrate the skin, raising friction ridge detail and eliminating body fluids associated with decomposition.
• This reconditioning process enhances detail present on the hands and exposes ridge detail not visible to the naked eye
• Be aware that recordings of dermal prints will appear different than epidermal prints under a magnifier (Figure 10).
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University
DiscussionDiscussion
Discussion
Figure 10:
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University Conclusion
Friction ridge impressions are instrumental in establishing the identity of deceased individuals
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University
Thank youThank you
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Faculty of scienceSilpakorn University
Question ?Question ?