Denisia 13 I 17.09.2004 I 229-237

The Ascalaphidae (Neuroptera) of the Balkan Peninsula'

A. Po pov

A bstract: First rccords of UbeJloides rhomboideus in Albania, of the genus BI400psis in Macedonia and Bulgaria and of

the genus Ddef>ToclOph)11a in Macedonia are eswblished. New localities of all fi ve species 0( Ascalaphidae on the

Balkan Peninsula arc re pon ed. The ne,,' records outlinc the northern bordcrs of du.' ra nges of Ih~ specie~. The cr·

roneOl'S information in some published data on the dimibu! ion of the trcmed spedes is correc ted. The va riabil ity of

LibeUoides IocULlS and L. macaronil4S and some diagnostic characters of other species arc discu;;sed. Original informa·

tion on Ihe hab itats of all species is given.

Key words: Neuroptera, Ascalaphidae, Balkan Peninsula, diSlrillUtion, va riability, habitats.

Introduction The ascalaphids, together with myrmeleom ids and

nemopterids, are the most anract ive representatives of

Neuroptera. The fam ily Ascalaphidae numbers ca. 400 species (ASP()(;K & ASP()(;K 1999), distributed mainly in

the tropics and subu opics of the Old and New World.

Single species only occur in the temperate latitudes. The range of the family reaches northwards in the Palearctic to the southern parts of Central Europe, South Siberia

and southem pan of the Far Eas t - Ubelloides longicomis (LlNNAEUS), L. coccajus (DENIS & ScIUFFERMOU.ER), L. macaroniLlS (ScoPOu) and L. sibiricus (EvERsMANN).

Because of their large sizes, the ascalaphids have been

for a long time an object of interest and already in the 19'h cemury more than a hundred species have been knolVn. 111e family was reviewed perfectl}' for that time

by VAN OER WEELE (1908) . In his monograph 201 species

were included. The last reputed taxonomist on Neu­roptera of the World the late Bo Tjeder made a compre­hensive attempt to revise the Afrotropical ascalaphids.

The results with many descriptions of new taxa were pub­lished by TJEDER & HANSSON (1 992). Information on the

species distribution respectively in Europe and in the

Western Pal~arctic was summar i ~ed by ASP()(;K et al. (1980,2001).

Five species and an additional subspecies occur on the Balkan Peninsula. Another species, Deleprocroph)·Jla ooriegara (KLUG), is distributed in Greece on Khios (Chios) Island which is not a part of the Balkan Penin· sula. The opinion of WACH~'ANN & SAURE (1997) that

the mnge of Ubelloides longicomis reaches eastwards to Croatia is nOt correct. On the basis of examination of museum collect ions in Sofia, Berlin and EbcrSlValde and of my own samples, new data which enlarge the knowl· edge on the distribution of the five Balkan species were

accumulated. llle following abbreviations for collect ions arc used:

NMNHS National Museum 0( Natural History, Sofia;

HMB Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universi lat

zu Berlin;

DEI Deutsches Entomologisches InstituI, Ekrswalde.

I The pre>em paper is d.,J icalfd to Prof. Dr. Hom A$pI.lck 00 the occasion ofhis 65" ~nnh·ers<ry. Pro(. A.\pl:lck is the fOlmder of the (urrent 'a~ono"'y of Raphidioplera and one oflhe besl authorities on Palea"lic Neuroplerl, initialOf and co--a UIMr (with Prof. Or. Ulfike Aspikk, H. Hiil:d and H. Raurit) of monographs and a catalogue of snake fl ,es of the WOIld and ofWeslem P.leatclk Neu' Dpte,ida. The fale met me with him in Ihe old 1%7. A small ex· pedition to Analoh" ltd by HOI.>t SlOpped to pass the night in Sofia and all th~ ti me till early in the morning ...... . pen! in tail ing aoo...l our famurite Neu· ropt"era. A second similar appoimmem in Sofia in 1978 du'in~ anOlhe' expedilOOII of ASpOCk5 toGTff(:e and Anatolia h3d as a ~II tk joint \k$cription of'Xal\~1iJ:mo t<ir0l.t.:. (Popov , ASf'Oo;: &. Asroa.:) (10m Caucasus. Un('lfgeltabJe il'main (Of me the impl"C$llion.. fro", the t,,'O ""'eling' of the German. ~kll\g r>europterologislI (the Ausman ooes. the late Peler Ohm and me) ill 1983 and 1984 in the crJ6y home of HOflI and Uhike Asp6ck in Vienl\J. n.e AspOckl initialed also the imem.lIional.ynll"JO';ums on NClIroplf rn and wi,h Iheir great eruJiti"" they arc: in the centre ci activity <:i the Internalio:>­nal Association ofNeu'Dpterology, includi ng all forme, P~;dent and C"P,"ident.'l. The contacll during Ihe><: meetings g"'''' me a good knowleJ~. The· refun: I conside' Horst .o\spock (or my teache, in tk field of r>europlerology li ke as 0... Ivan Bmesch, Memb., of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, cal· ltd by A.\pl\cl.:s Nestor of the Zoology in Bulgaria (AsPOCK & Asl'6l:;l: 1916). i. my teache, in the field of zoology. The Bulgarian emomologists, who know Horst from imemalionaJmttlings.awredatehighlyhi. workandwi.he.·...-y.U<ces\to the uniq~tandemof A.pl:lcks.

229

Fig. I : Bvbopsisondramach~a from Southw~stern Bulgaria (Kozhuh Hill).

Fig. 2: Distribution of Bubopsis andromoch~ on the Balkan Ptninsula. lo<:alities in Gf~~~ outsid~ th~

Balkan Ptninsulll are marked with rings. Areas above

,

R 0

B U l

• .. I • • . ~ '. 1000 m altitude afC shaded. L---'<'--_____ ---''-_____ ....:: ______ ~_~ •

230

List of species

Bubopsis andromache ASPOCK. ASPOCK Et: HOLZEl 1979 (Fig. 1 -2)

Malerial from the B;ll kan Penin ~ula: New fur Macedunia:

Bt}',:d;mc[ neal Gl'\·j:c1I),I. 6.7.1917, I Q, leg. Dr. Schul~<, (coil.

HMB). New for Bulgaria: Ko:huh HIli near Petrich III StlUln.1 V:llley, on hght, 6.7.1003, la, leg. S. lk,h\.;O\· (coli. NMNHS). CR'le (Gre«e): EaSiem Crele, P.1na11J ExakUSII M()fl,I~lery

abo.,.e Mal.1I (~IJIC$) neaf Icr;!j'Clra. LobUh; DI'inCI, 1.1-1915,

19, llll. A. Schul:: Ea~I~m Cr~le. ~le"l MUll!'ana nc~r SUI.I,

L~mhl Th.mcl, 6.7.1915, I Q ,leI; A &h"l: (bOlh mII.I IMB). Other material: Anatoli~ ; i:llUf (Smyma), I:mlf rrovUlce, 19,

leI(- Kfup • .'r, IJenllflcd ,I' LJubol'~11 MmmUJ KUJG; Qulek, CI[[ .

CI,1II T3"fU<, ,A.,bn,1 Province, 19. leg. Hoh:; Cil,ci;'" T."lun.s, Ad,lIla Pn}\'tnce, 10', I Q , leg. I-Iult: (all coli . HMB). ISRAEL: Jeru,alem. Jerusalem Pro\'IllCt, 1 Q, leI:. SlaWIOI,OCf, kicnllr.~1

as Bubapm lItrmatus KLUG (coiL J-tMB). Distribution: In comln~nlal Europe, (his 5pt'ClC5 IS~'

I:.blishcd only III South Macedonia anJ Southweslern

Bulgaria (the prcscnt J'Jper) and III (he European Tur\.:ey in the ViClfll{JCS of Gellbolu (Galhpoli) by Lt:""AR1"lt (1991). European Turkey IS Olllated in Ihe range rerorleu by ASrocK el ill. (ZOOI). On [he 111lbn Peninsula, It tS i:nnwn fmlller from the I ~hnd~ of Lirnnos (Lcmnos), en:l e

anu Ga\"uh~ (Gavu~). The ~pccics occurs in Green: (11 5<1

on the Anatolmn lsl:mu~ of l.es\·os ( Le~bos), Sarnos,

Kahmnos (K:llymnos), Kos :lnJ Rodhos (RhoJes) whICh do nOI belong to the 13.1lbn Pcninsul.1 anu to Europe. Par.-lt')pt!5 of Bub:Jf/SU andromache were publt,;heJ as /3ubop­sis hamillus KlUG 40 years before ILS descnpnon from 5."lmos (WER.>.:ER 19l4). LlOmos (WERNER 1937) :mJ

U:s\'os (WERNER 1938), TIl(' ranbte of 8. andramnche in·

cludl~ Ih(: East(:m ~k.Jllerr.:mean 10 Israel. TIle IOCHIIII"'" III Macl-donia anJ Bul/.:<lria are lhe northernmost and \\"cs«.'rntno~t onOo of the ~pt.~ ll·' ;m,1 Ihe new recorJ~ en·

!aT)!e the knowledge on liS nccllTrcnce In Ihese ,itrecllons.

On idl.'tlufYlllR the ~peCllllen from Macedon ia 15 years 3~:O. I considered \I :1S tlll,hthclleu hecause of the

follOWing reasons: Flf'<t , the country is 1')calN fur awar

from (he rnn~e known Jurm~ tht: Jescriplion of Bllbnpsis mulronwchl.'. Second. more m.llcri:ll is LlChn~ In OIher

mu::;cums, ahhou/.:h MaCNOI\I;1 I~ \'l~tlOO regularly from

Europe:m elltomolO!'!lsl~ for colleclmg trrrs or on ,he wa)'

10 Greece. Tlmd, A~I'Ol:K e( :II. (19i9) menlloneu III the uescnpllon th,1I ncar ;II! 1,)C,I1tucS ;ue situ<lu.'u clo_e 10

sc;lshorcs. Afler Ihe findmg .If B. iUulwmllChl.' m Ellm· pC:l1l Turkt' )' :lnu Bulg,ITL,1, II is evident Ihere is not ~I cun· fUSIOn \\,tlh the M:lcooonian loc;l lll )'.

The new recorJs of BuboPJis mulromadll.' ff{)m Cili·

ci:ln TauM gl\'e:m opponunll)' I() re\"i)o(' the locallllt!S III

AnalOkl of Blloo,)SjS hummus (a~ B. Ml1UIra) reported hy SE."lGONCA (l9i9). Th~ malenal from Go:ne ne,lr

Mersm and K.:lldag ncar Auana <IS \\'ell lhe lltldouhtl"(l

finumg at Bomo\"a ncar l:nuT helong 10 B. tlIu1WllulChe ami only the mformallon fl'r Ceybnrmar in Urf,! Prov ince considers Ihe true B. IuUll.{IW S.

Morphology: The male (T('111 tlulgarm shows 5<)mt'

<mall differences III comp,IflS<1Il wllh the JescTlrti,m of

the <pecies (ASI\.'X'K et .. 1. 1979).

Antennae bro ..... n, darken graJu.llly fmm the base tll

the lip. Segments of the antennal club reJuish·brown nnged ulstally. The fl~t three scgment~ of Ihe club yel·

lowlsh·brown, (he re,t Jark hrolln.

'~V"

~~ ~:':--'rN ~ ~~' " . " Fig. 3: Deltpro<:tophyllo australis Q from Southw~stern Bulg~ri~ (Novo Konomladi).

''''', ~~I . ~ - '1-,/ . r., <i . <!f>~ "" .. ~ 6 "'"':i1 , ,

• • -._" • ~ ,.» Fig. 4: Distribution of lk/~proctophy/lo australis on -'-I the Balkan Pl::ninsula. Areas above 1000 m altitude , '

L_~ _____ ~~ ________ ~ _____ J are Yladed.

In fort.' wmg. C pale brown: Sc dark hrown: R dark brown III itS proxun31 half ;IIlJ IXll ... hrown III liS distal half; lh (Ih + M:.) hlack: M (Mp) yellow, liS dl~tal end ['bck: ell:1 hl:!ck: Cup yellol\' in ib baSll1 half. black in its ,brnl half: A I, AZ lUlU A3 yellow or hrown. Basal cro~s· veinS yellow or brown, llilthe rcst black. Ptcro.mgma of all WIIlj..OS pale brolVll, with two cross-,·cms. Length of fore wing: 23 mm. HlIld wlIlg as fore wmg hm R wholly dark brown.

Habitat : Ko!huh in SouthwC5lenl Bulgaria IS:l \"01-

callic lull loc,ned around the lIIouth (If Strumeslmlts:l (Strumic:l) RI\'cr infO Strum:l (Smnlon) River. The vol­

C:lnIC cOile IS diVided b)' the rl\'crs. The rclllll\'e hClgl" of thc hi ll :Ibovc the rivcr is 200 Ill. Accordmg 10 Dr. 510-)':In Bcshko\" (pefS. comm.) the specimen has been col­lected nC:lr the top of lhc hill (281 III altitudc) on a meadow with high herbaceous vegetallon on s..1ndy soil III (I rocky area ne:l r a quarry. The JIle • ...Jow IS surrounJed by (I low-growing wood ofQII('I"cus. Carpml.ls orientallS and UlmtlS mlilar.

Oe/eproctophyf/a australis (FABRICIUS 1787) (Fig, 3-4)

Malcr;,,1: Ncw for Macedonia: Trcsb Rivcr nellf Skopjc. 6.8.1941. I Q (with phylla), le~. O. SI\)~-Jn.:}\"; SkopJe, 2.8. 19-11. 1 Q ( ... ·I(hout rh},IIJ). leg. I). Z1,lt:lr.;k; (t.oth coil. NMNIIS). ~cond r«ord for Bulgaria: No\'o Konomladl nC3r Pelnch In Slrunu V:llle}·. 2-3.7.2003. } Q Q ( ... lIh ph\·l1a). leg. V. Gashl,1I0\' (colI. NMNtlS).

Distribution: 111C range covers the Nonhern Medllemmc:ln from Corsica 10 Anatolta nOl including the northern parts of the Apcnnille find Balk(1Il pcnmsu-

las. [n Bu[g~ma. thiS ~PC<:les \\'3$ known so (ar only from

ROrOlll11l0 RII'ef (CHLAPEK 1983). Ellropean Turkey

(Por'Ov 1977) ha~ to be addl-d to [he countru:s III the range liSH!.! by ASI!()CK et al. (ZOCH). The new loca li ties outll1lCS the northern border of the range: [stria ([)EVE­

TAK (995) - Ukinj in Montenegro (DEVETAK 1995) -

Sko!') ... - Petrich - Edime - Ropot:lnlo.

1111.' d,lt;! ofS£.\I~RJA & BeRLANO (1988) for the oc­

currence of DdetmxwphyUn (!luera/IS in com mental Fr.mce (Otlt of Corsica): Nimes. Toulon. C.1IlIlCS. as well

as of Deleprocwphylla mriegalQ III France concern Delcprocwphylla dlt$JIlefi NAVAs. 11le colour figure (S~M£RIA & BERLAND 1988: PI. I. Fig. 5) of D. I'QricgalQ (as Thdeprocfo/Jh)'lla) is in fuCI D. (IImrulls. The same au­thors indlclile III thc desniptiOll of D. mlS/wlis thm Ihe reddish-brown spot below the pterOSllgm:l exists on all four wings (a character of D. ausfralis) or on Ihe hind ~'mg only (a ch:1r.lCter of D. dlllm .... ).

The m(ormallon of LUrl'OVA (1987) for the distnbu­tlon of D. QltSrralis III Central Europe, Hungary and the southern part of the fonne r USSR (South Ukra me :lnd Southern European Russi:l) is not correct. Such IS the G ISC with the opin ion of ZAKHARENKO & KRIVOKHATSKV (1993) for an occurrence in Caucasus and Centr:tl Asia.

Morphology; The spot on the fore WillI; III bOlh spec­

Imens (rom Macedoma covers full)' (~'o cells and pans of

adjacent four ones III the radial area below the pterosllg­rna. The cell below the pterosugma of one female from Bulgana IS slightl), shaded onl )' m Its fore part: the shad­ed pan covers ca. 20 % of Ihe cell surface. Thc s,1me cell of Ihe other IWO females from Bulgaria is scarcely shaded

231

Fig. 5: Librl/oidrs loc/rus a flom South Bulgaria (WtstWl Rhodopt~: Bt'Sapara Hills).

Fig. 6: Distribution of Ubrl/oidrs lacttus on tht Balkan Peninsula. localities in Grttce outside the

Balkan Peninsula art marked with rin9S. Areas abovt

•

• • •

. ~ ,-

1000 m altitudt art shadtd. L_C·· _______ ·'--______ -"-______ -'.:...._J

232

along the hind mrt rgin of the pterostigmaj only ca. 3 % of

the cell surface are shaded (Fig. 3). Ptcrostigma of fore

and hind wings brown, onl~' in the fenmlc from Skopje

ye llo wish -hrown_ This specimen however hrts heen ex­

posed 10 the Jaylight in a museum exhibition for dt><:aJes

and very likely is discoloured. Pterostigm:1 of (ore ~md

hind wings of rtll sp!..><:imens with 3-4 cross-vems. Length

of fore wing of the (h'e specimens: 21.5-25.4 mill.

Habitat : Aceordin!! 10 Mr. ViClUf Gasluarov (pers.

comm.) the three females (rom Bulgaria werc collected

ea~t o( No\'o Konomh.ldL Vill:Jge in rhe direction of K~I­patovo Village on the fidd boundaries bcllveen vineynrds

and other fielJs. Furthermore the species has been ob·

:>ervd on Ku:huh Hill (:1 specimen from the northern

(001 of this volcanic hill was identified by me) as wdl as

on Marenrt Hill between the vi llages of No\'o Konollllu­

di and General Todorov In open areas with herNICeolls

vegetation which begins to dry earlr in Jul r, wilh or

wi thoU( single rrces of Quercus.

Libelfoides lacteus (BRUllE 1832) (Fig. 5-6) New locali!ies on the Balkan Peninsula: ~b(:<:donia: G~litica

M!s .. 1400 m, 22.6.1995.10-.19, leg. S. AhaJjie\' (coli.

N~INHS). f3"Llg~r'~: Sh"'y~nb MIS.: ~fxI\'e Penov(l. 1100 m: Lwa,b me, 1450-];;0111: Western Rhodo['<.',: Iks.1rar:r HLll;;

ne:'T Bpga, north of Br:rtsLb'{WO: lukovusa RII't'f. J km S d

Asenovgrad: Bachkol'o Mon~51~1)'. 400 m. 600 m; Eastern

Rhodo['<.'s: Sluden Kladcnets in Ard~ Villley; Ancn LrI Krv·

Lnuvi!sa Va]]e)': Arda Chalel near O:,bovets 11\ ArJa V:,IIC)':

Tundja Vallc~' : Venen ne:Lr MagIL,h, 20 km N <JfS!arn bg0rn:

Strnndja ~11.S.: K:uun l)ere V"lIey, 4 km 5 ofZve:.le15 (a1l coiL

NMNHS). Greece: Aisimi (Essllni). 18 km N of Alexan·

droupul,s, Evtos District, Eo,.tern Macedon i:! and Thrnce

rwvincc. 18.5.1987. 299, leg. r. Beron: ~'Ioun! Athos,

Mount A!hns Pmvince, 19-29.6.[936. 699, leg. Dr. K. TuleKhko"; Ayl()!i NLkob(b ('A,gLOli NLkolao», south of

Ar"khol'" (Arndl<)'·~). Fokis DLStrLc!. CcmrJI Greece

Pml'mcc, 35.1998. la. leg. S. Be"hkol', J. Gelbrech! (all coiL

N~'INHS).

Other n,alerial: AnalOlia: Cel'di. Am~I)-a Pml'mce. TaLLru~

MI'; .. 1200 m. 195.1999. 19, leg. S. Beshkov, J. Gelhre<hl: 3

kill S of Ccvo:!i. AtlI~!F' Province. T.1un,! ~hs .• 1200 m, 12.5.1999. Zou, leg. S. rkshkov. J. Gelbreeht (~1l C(lli. NMNHS).

D istribution: South France, South Italy, Balkan

Peninsula :mu AnalOlia.

Variabi lity: The mtcntiun of taxonomistS k ls been

attracted for a long time by the v:triability o( the sp<.><:ies

of Libdlmdes. Two species were united by VAN OER WEELE

(1908) in one species wilh twO subspecies and one mce.

TABOR$KY (1936) advanced this subdivi~i(ln into lhree

subspecies. one of which includes two races and another

includes twO ,·aricties. He reported for the B<llk(ln Penin­

sula three of them: L. taClells lacreus IacIeIlS (BRULL£). L. lactells lacleus dalnlllf/cllS (VAN OER WEELE) and L. lac/ellS expansllj v;lr. Ilileskod (T AIlORSKV). T:lborsky used always

the then available name L O/wmanus (GER.\tAR) instead

of L lacteus (BRULLE). All subspecies and mces were syn·

onyml:c'! without comments by ASIOCK et a1. (1980).

Although dle ca:.<: is ('vident. I will adduce proof of the

correctne~ of the synon rmi:;lUon, The m:rterial from

Bulgaria corresponds to L. 1ac1e115 lcICI('US, dcscnoc-d from

Greece, and L IacICUS kla/Jaleki (TAAORSKY). descnbed

from Fmnce. The two ~ubsp<.'Cies dLffer from one nnother

in twO insignIficant uetmls: number of the crosS-I'eins in

the radml area of the fore wing between the hase of Rs,

j

• •

• • • • • • • •

I.e. Rs + Ma, anu Its first blfurclI1ion (1-2 In L. I.lacreu.s .mJ 3-5 in L I. k/ap-llekl) and shape of the l:t:.t hhe l iggcst} (rom the so formed cells (Iwice longer than Wide

In l. !. laclius :mJ ,hTce times longer In L. I. klapaleki).

As rcgar.ls the shape. even t he figure of T AIIORS"KY

(1936: Fig:. I) 11\ ber d(){'S not corre'pond to the descrir­tion of L I. klapakki. TIle material (rom Bulg:.ui:1 (51

<pt"Cimens. 104 fore WIngs) JI\,.Jes as fotl()w~: cdilolll,.'('r than wide 1.5-1.9 times - 50 wmgs (48 %): 1.0-1.9 rimes - 42 wing~ (40 %): 3.0-3.5 (lines - 11 wings (12 %). The

ch:nacter is not constant a~ a rule because the cell ~hapt' on the lefr ami ri!!l\! "·Ill!! comes under one lind the same catel,>Ory m 31 speClmens or 60 % of all specimens only.

Division of the matcrm! from Bulgaria :lflcr the num­

her of cross,vems shows predommance rof the typical (orm (Table I). The number lS different on the le(t ,mJ right wmg m more than a half of the ~rcClmens - 28

~pecimens or 54 %. Accordmg !O a Similar lIl\"CStigallon

(PRINnrl 1952), L. I. kUI/xlleki prevail in South Italy. TIH! Ilifferem corrd;n ion between the forms rr:,h[e 2) how­e\·er is nOl su(ficiendy Ihe eXlSlcncc of JI'tlnct ~uh­

Species (0 he accepted.

TAIlOR~K~ (1936) descnbed var. IlIlesk.wi of subsr.

expansu5 after 10' from Slavy:mka MIS. Wulg'Lria). This

variety was nO! reponed o\·cr agam and IS ;lbsenl III the present mal(~ rL;l1. 1.1'. it IS an lIlfrasubspeci(ic form, as it

was dcscnlx-J.

H :lbi ta t : Thc species inhahlts accon.linf,l to my obser­vatiom In K:ltun Dere Valley In Stmndj:1 MLS. (Bulgaria)

at thc end of Mayan open sloplllg treeless arca with high

dry herbacl'Ous \"Cf,lctauon, changing In steep rocks. It

Fig. 7: Libtlloid~s mocoroOlus a from Southwestern Bulgaria (Rila MIs.: KostenetsJ.

Fig. 8: Distribution of Libtlloidts mocoronius on tht Balkan Ptninsula. localities in Slovenia oUl$ide the Balkan Peninsula art marked with rings. ArtaS above HXlO m altilude are .. haded.

was nO! found III the same S('ason m another localllY throughout SU1lIl<.IJ3 Mr:,. Concernlllg the rl'qUlrements

to the tempet:l[urc and humldll}' :md about the hehav­

lour of lhe adults sce under L. mGCuronills.

Libel/oides macaronius (SCOPOU 1763) (Fig. 7-8) N",,' localili('~' Albania' 5.:f"l\"e, N li Vermosh. ShloJer (:>'s· tnCI. 16.7.1984, 19 , kll. K. ~·'I.j~: OsITU\·IC.' ~hs., Skror~r Dis­

trkt, IS.7.195S. 19, I~I!. B. Kiumult (roth culL NMNIIS). l'I b cedoni;&, G:.li~ica ~1t5., 1400 m. Z2.6. 1995. I 9. 1'1:. S. AI!;.J­ll("· (coil. NMNHS). Bulgaria: NOfthcm s..lgan~ L)"ml.ll1bl

near Luko-·II: Plcven; Kubflll ~~r Rll:l-,'r.tJ : We.tem Stall' Pbn· III,.: L:.katnlk; Kuril,) (Novi IskJr) near S(}fi~: Vompb,\wbl IW3r

Sofia: Ccntr.tl Smra PlanUla: Bdl Os:Ul1 near Tmyan; TrevnCll'O· k.1 ~h~., E o( KrasU,.I ,. 950 m: Eastern 51,lm PI,m.n.l; abo.l\"C 51,,·-

1'1'; KOlCI; Km~lIIur ~ar PfO\·alha; Mounmmous TC"!I'OII .i Krn15luc: T~'l"lkn"' 1 Ilcar Tr.IO, 9QO m: Vitf"h., ~·h5.: ~'Ula.

BOO In: alxl\'e PI.IZlUlCl.> alalet. 1450 tn; K,'plloto ~IIC, 1}50 m; Rib Mt,;.: Damb Pc:.k, 1600 Ill: Ovilla I);mp ncar S:unokm·: Kostcnel5 RC5OfI, BC<l m; SlrUm;1 Valle,.: Sinlltli 1ll".IT Bl.lb~Joe'·­

b'm.l; Pmn MI.).: 1)'-.hrlnl>llll' ncar Baruko, 9QO Ill: t>eluw Got.sc Dclchev Otalet, 1100 m; LIl}-:loo\·o ncar S:mdanskl: St. lila

~h",a'tcr,' aN,,·e M"lnlk, 800 m; Karlan",·o ncar Mdl1lk: Sla,'y;mb 1\·lu.: :11'<.1\'1' Petru\"(}, 1100 111; Western Rhud'lpes:

Pcshter:l; [)e"In, 10Cl0 m. 1100 m: Tnl!rad n.'aT [)e"ln, IOClO m: Shm)\.:.a Lab near Smol\':m. 1100 Ill; Pt~nk MIO~ Ile:or OICP­

dare, 10Cl0 m: Rmhen Pass nc:lr Chcpelarc. I<ID,) m: EaSlem Rhodopel;; Studell Kladenct.'i LI1 ArJa V~II.:y; SlrdnJp MIS.: I>c­Iween MaIko Tamm·o ~nd Ahhll',,1 (all wli. NMNHS).

GREECE: Orfdl1lOl1 (Orfam), Ka .. al~ DlSlriCI, E.'lSlem I>hc~odom3

anJ Thrace PfO\·lllCe, 12.6.1942. 19, leg. P. DrCnslcl (colI. NMNHS).

233

Fig. 9: Libel/oides rhomboideus rhomboideus Q from South Anatolia [Cevizli).

234

Fig. 10: Distribution on the Balkan Peninsula of Libel/oides rhomboideus rhomboideus (iocalities on ~.

the Peninsula with circles and in Greece outside the '. Peninsula with rirlgs) ,Irld Ubd/oides rhomboideus fIL'>. _~ '- L..:... ~ -. ."1-.:

cretensis (squares). Areas above 1000 m altitude are '- .. ~ '-. shaded. ,--".~. ____________ >c ____________ <-__ C==-____ -"<--"

Distribution: Southeastern Europe from Northeast­

ern h aly (Trieste District in Friuli-Vene:ia Giuli:l

Province). Austria, C~crh Republic, SoUlheastcrn

Poland [0 the Balkan Peninsula. Ukraine and Southern

Russia; Western Asia from the Eastern Mediterranean [0

Kazakhstan, T:ljikisra!l :lnd Kyrgyzstan. Slov:lkia (ZELEN~

1977), European Turkey (POI'OV 1977) and Syria (SZI/V.­

Kl 1998) ha\'e to Ix: adJl.'d to till.' coum ries in the r,mge

li ~tcd by ASI'OcK et ill. (100 1).

LibdloiJes l1UICaTQnius does nOi occur in France,

Switzerland lmd Germany. Although the information of

LERAUT (1981) lhat its finding in France needs confir­

mation, SEMERIA & BERLAND (1988) mention that it oc­

curs near C.mnes and III Alpes Maritimes. TIle inclusion

of Swiuerland (lNSOM et al. 1979), Schaffhausen in

Switterland and Somh Germany (SE~IERIA & BERLANf)

1988) in the r~nge of the species is incorrecr. AI! these

data refer to Libelloides longkomis.

Variabi lity: Numerous names of forms with different

taxonomical rank were described as bdonging fO this

sl' ... 'cies, too. Thr(.'C JistinCl species, L. macaTOllillS

($o:)I"OU). L. koI),t'llnensis (LAXMANN) and L. flllpilllUus (RAMBUR), were united by VAN OER WEELE (1908) in a

tYP;c;11 form and fiw v;melics. According to T AIIORSKY

(1939) the spt.'<:tes is dh'idcJ into twO race groups. nine

subspecIes <lnu 13 fonns. He reportl..J for the IXllkan

Peninsula four of them: L. macafC)I1It1S macnronius IY/NCIl f. jlam. L. I1UICllronius IIUlCIlTOllil15lmpillmus f. alba. L. IlUlCaro­nil15 IwIYl'(lnl'llSis typica f. jlaVIl and L. l1UICaTOl1il15 kol),t'(!­

nensis t)'pka f. alba. Most of the "subspecies" :md fonns of

TAIlORSKY (1939) arc actulllly indi\'idual ;lberrarions. As

to the "race b'fOUrS" lIlocaT()l1Il15 ami koi)'l'tlnensis, [hey dif-

fer in the dislribution. The northern parI of the range of

L. IIlIICllT(Jnius and the areas with higher altitudes in the

southern part arc inhabited by the trptcal macaranil15 and

the lower territories in the southern rart of the mnge by

koiYl'(lIlensis. Nevenhdess the~' cannot be 'ICCl.'ptOO as sub­

species bcCllUSC of the !,resence of many tmnsitions he­twccn them. 111is is visible \'ery weI! on the basis of the

malt~Tlal from Bulgaria (T.1ble 3) because its terrimry is

croSSt.'<I by ooth horimnral :md verucal borders between

the tWO • .sllhspecies~. An iIlustrmiOtl of that offers the ma­

terial from localities with low alfitudes (Vclilo Tamovo tn

North Bulg<uia. 100 m: kol)'I'anemis - 5 specimens. transi­

tional form - 5 specimens; Simalt. 300 m: kol)'!'a!1CllSis - 6

speciml'tls. IIUlCOToni!15 - I speclIllen) and lI'i lh high alti­

rudcs (Damb Peak, 1600 Ill: IlUlCaTOIlius - 2 specimens,

Irnnsirional form - 3 specimens; Kopiwto, 1350 m: IlltlCa­

roniu5, trnnsition~l form and koi)'t'allemi$ - I specimen

each; Borovcts in Rila Mts .• 1300-1450 Ill: macllTCInius - 21

spccimetl5, IT:msiti,mal forlll- 1 specimen, koJymnellSls - 2

specimens). 1lle percentage of the tmnsitional form in lhe

entire material from Bulgaria is 13 %.

Habitat: This species inhabits sunnr gTlISSy areas.

have found it on the Black Sea Coast in the same season in the middle of June on a meadow whh luxuri~ml

blooming herbllCCOUS vl'genttion and a young wood plan­

mtion of Pinus nigra (ahove VIas ncar Ncsebar) .md on

open areas along Velcka Ri\'cr with [ow and dry gTllssy

vegetation (Sinemorcts). The ~pecies inhabits in the

mOllntains clc;lrings in a forest of Picea obies (Borovets in

Rila Mts.). Libdloides lIlacaronillS is a typical species of

steppe and foresl-steppe regions. The requIremen ts of L macaTonills <lnd L laclells to the humidilY and tempcrn-

ture are differenl. The former prefers higher humidity than the latter but the temperature is not so important for L. macaronius as it is for the thermophilous L lacreu5. i3«.ause of these differences the two species arc estab­lished in Bulgaria at the same time and place only once (Slavyanb Mts., above Perrovo, 26.6.1979, leg. A. Popov). The two species have a similar behaviour of adults. T hey fly high and fast, feed on insects during the fl ight and arc not associated with certain type of vegeta­

t ion. After alighting they do not close immediately their wings in roof- like position but rest SQme minutes with half-open wings. The antennae remain directed upward and forward in res ting position (observations on both species in Slavyanka Mrs. and on L macaronitts in Trevnenska Mts., Horovets and Sinemorets).

Ubelloides rhomboideus rhomboideus (SCHNEIDER 1845) (Fig. 9- 1 0)

Materia! fr(lm the Balkan Peninsula: New for Albania: Luko­va. N of Saran de (Sarand:l), 250 m, 24.5.1961, I 9.lcg. Expe.

dition of DEI (colI. DEI). The specimen was identified, labelled and repom:d

incorrect by ZELENf (1964) as Ascalaphus macaTOllius koiyt'l.mensis LAX MANN. It is published as a female but is labelled erroneously as a male. The collecting date is giv­en wrongly by ZELENf (1964) as 14 May bur after FRIESE & K6N1GSMANN (1962) the correct date is 24 Mayas the

specimen is labelled. The rest of I I specimens from five localities of UbeUoiJes macaronius and the only fema le of Ubelloides lamus are identified correct by ZELENf (1964).

Other material: Anatolia: Cevizli, Antalya Province, T~urus Mts., 1200 In, 18.5.1999, 19, leg. S. Beshkov, J. Gelbrecht (call. NMNHS).

Distribution: Eastern Mediterranean from South Al­bania and G ree<:e (in the north to Thessaly), including Euboea Island and Greek Anatolian islands, to IsraeL Syria (SZIRAKI 1998) has 10 be added to rht: countries in the range listed by ASP6cK et aL (200t) . The record in Albania is the westernmost one of the subspecies and species and oud ines the northern border o( the range. After ASP6cK et al. (1980) the subspedes is known from altitudes above 500 m and now is established lower.

Morphology: The (are wing length of the specimen

from Anatol ia is 22.6 mm and of the specimen from Al­bania is also above the maximum of 22 mm indicated by ASPOcK et aL (980).

Habitat: According to FRIESE & K6NIGSMANN ( 1962)

the locality in A lbania is a hilly area which descends rather steeply 10 the sea. lr is an almost impenetrable macchia of Arbutus unedo, Pistada lenliscus, Quercus coc­ci/era, Smilax aspera as well cultivated land with cultures of ci trus fruits, medlar tre~, fig trees and vineyards.

Idefeus

kldpdleki

Tab lOl' 1: Numbc'r of crOSS-VOI' lns In thOl' prOXImal part of the: radial are:a of thOl' fore: wings of Libe:lloides lacteus in Bulgaria (n • 52)

Table 2: Corre:lation between the .subspe:des· of Libel/aides {aefeus in Bulgaria (original mate:rial; 1"1 • 52) and Italy (after PRINClf'I 1952; n .. 191

Tabl e: 3: Corrc:la tion betwee:n the: .subspe:cic:s· of Ube:lloide:s macoramus in Bulgaria (original mate:rial; n .. 146) Note: ThOI' rate: indicates the: numbc'r af specimens of the: .subspe:des· campa red to all spe:dmens in the: re:spective altitudinal be:lt

Libelloides rhomboideus cretensis (VAN DER W EElE 1908) (Fig. 10)

Cretan endemic subspecies. The record of PIEPER & WILLMANN (1980) (rom Sitia is reported as UbeUoiJes rhomboiJeus. It is included in the synonymous list of l. rhomboideus rhomboideus instead of l. rhomboiJeus creten­sis by ASi'OcK et at (2001) .

Conclusions Five species and one additional subspecies o( As­

calaphidae occur on the Balkan Peninsula. New to the

fauna of Albania is LibeUoiJes rhomboiJeus. New for

Macedonia are Bubopsis andromache and DeieprocfOphylla australis. New (or Bulgaria is Bubopsis andromache. The genus Bubopsi5 is new to the faunas of Macedonia and

Bulgaria and the genus DeieprocfOphylla to Macedonia. The newly established records are also second records of

Bubopsis andromache in the continental Europe and of

DeleproclOphylla australis in Bulgaria. New localities of all species are esrablished. The knowledge of the ranges of

235

236

three species enlarges northwards and/or westwards (Bubopsis andromache, Deleproctophylla aUSlfalis and Libel­Ioides rhamboid<'us). The species on the Balkan Peninsula divide by countries as follows:

Italy (Trieste and a part of Gorilia) (t species), Slovenia (2 species), Croatia (3 species), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1 species), Montenegro (3 species), Serbia (withom Kosovol (no species), Kosovo (2 species), Albania (3 species), Macedonia (4 species) , Bulgaria (4 species), Romania (Dobrogea) , (no species), Greece (5 species and t additional subspedes), European Turkey, (4 species) .

Acknowledgements I would like to express my gratitude to Dr. Kurt Gunther (Mu­

seum fur Natutkunde der Humboldt -Universitat zu Berlin) and Dr, Lothar Zerche (Deutsches Entomologisches Institu t. Ebers­

walde) for the possibility to identify undetermined material of

Neuroptern during my visits in both museums. I a m also grate ­

fulto Or. Stoyan Beshkov and Mr. Victor G ashtarov who gave

me the asca laphids collected by them. I am indebted ro Mr. Boris Andreev for prepar ing the photographs and to MSc Silvia

Toshe\'a for preparing the maps.

Zusammenfassung Erste Nachweisc von UbeUoides rhomboidew in Albanien. der

GaHung Bubopsis in Mazedon ien und BulgaTien und de t G at­

tung Ddeproc/Oph~Ua in M~zedonie n werden (estges tellt. Neue

Fundon e aller funf Ascalaphiden-Artcn det &Ibnhalbinsd

werden mi lgcteilt. Die neuen Nachweise definieren d ie Nord·

gren:en deT Areale von drei Ancn. Unrichrige Angabcn ilbcr

die Verbre itung mancher An~n werden korrigien. Die Vari~bi­

li ta! von UbeUoideJ lacteul und L. macaroniw und cinige UnleT­

scheidungsmerkmale andere, Anen werden bf,sprochen. Origi­

na le Angabcn iiber das Habiwt aller Amn werden mitgeteilt.

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Address of the author: As>oc. Prof. Dr. Alt'Xi POPOV

National Museum of Naruml History 1, Tsar OsvoboJi rel Blvd BG- IOOO Sofia, Bulgaria

E-Mail: alpopov@bulinfo.nct

237

Bibliography of the Neuropterida

Bibliography of the Neuropterida Reference number (r#):

11275

Reference Citation:

Popov, A. 2004 [2004.09.17]. The Ascalaphidae (Neuroptera) of the Balkan Peninsula.

Denisia 13:229-237.

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author(s) and/or other entities as allowed by law. No copyrights belong to the

Bibliography of the Neuropterida.

Notes:

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