The Arts in the The Arts in the Age of RevolutionsAge of Revolutions

Chapter 24-4Chapter 24-4

Essential Question: Do artistic periods reflect the time periods in which they happen?

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Revolutions in the Arts

The Ideas of Romanticism• Romanticism—interest in nature; preferring

emotion, individuality• Romanticism linked to folk traditions and nationalism

Continued . . .

The Romantic Movement

Romanticism in Literature• Poetry, music, and painting are the arts best

suited to romanticism• Many British romantic poets believe nature is the

source of beauty • Germany’s Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is a

great early romanticist • A leading French romanticist writer is Victor Hugo

Romantic ArtRomantic Art• Artists rejected

the classical ideals that were the trademark of the Enlightenment.

• Instead they viewed their art as an outlet for human expression and emotion.

Gericault; Raft of Medusa, 1817

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The Gothic Novel• Gothic horror novels taking place in medieval

castles become popular• One of the earliest and most successful is

Frankenstein

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continued The Romantic Movement

Composers Emphasize Emotion• Composers abandon Enlightenment style of

music• Ludwig van Beethoven leads the way from

Enlightenment to romanticism• Some composers draw on literature or cultural

themes

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Realism• Realism—art style attempting to depict life

accurately• Paintings and novels in this style show the

working class

The Shift to Realism in the Arts

Photographers Capture Reality• Daguerreotypes, earliest photographs, are

surprisingly real• William Talbot invents negative, allows copies of a

photograph

Writers Study Society• Charles Dickens and Honoré de Balzac write

about society, class• Some realist literature sparks reforms in working

conditions

Jan Van Eyck

RealismRealism

• Rejected Romantic emphasis on imagination

• Tried to represent realities of the time

• Subjects included working class men and women

Woman in Field; Jean-Francois Millet

Realism EndsRealism Ends

• Birth of Photography ends Realist Art

• Why depict things as they are when you can do so with a photograph?

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Impressionists React Against Realism

A New Movement• Impressionism—art style that tries to capture

precise points in time

Life in the Moment• Impressionists like Claude Monet portray life of

rising middle class• Edgar Degas and Pierre-Auguste Renoir also

leading impressionists• Impressionist composers use music to create

mental pictures

ImpressionistsImpressionists

• In response to photography, Impressionist painters abandon realism

• Try to give the feel of motion and movement in their art.

Claude Monet, The Water-Lily Pond

Claude Claude MonetMonet

• Most famous of the Impressionists

• Brushed strokes of different colors side by side without mixing

• Allowed the eye to mix the colors.

Rouen Cathedral, the West Portal and Saint-Romain Tower, Full Sunlight, Harmony in Blue and Gold, 1893

MonetMonet

• Painted Roen Cathedral more than 20 times to capture it in different light and times of year.

Rouen Cathedral: Full Sunlight 1894

Monet: La Gare Saint Lazare, 1877 Monet: La Gare Saint Lazare, 1877

Vincent Van GoghVincent Van Gogh

• Starry Night

A link between Impressionist and Post-Impressionist

Post ImpressionistPost Impressionist

• Continue Impressionist ideas but going further

• Less realism, distortion, geometric shapes, etc

• All trying to portray emotion, movement

Paul Gauguin, Tahitian Women, 1891

Auguste Rodin, The Thinker

Post Post ImpressionistImpressionist

• Georges Seurat• Dots of color to

define shape• La Tour Eiffel

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