The Art of Speaking Science
description
Transcript of The Art of Speaking Science
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I. Observation or Introduction to the Problem
II. History of Field or Background Information
III. Hypothesis or Objectives
IV. Methods of Study a. Techniques b. Experimental Design or Protocol
V. Results (4-6 slides)
VI. Summary (state the findings)
VII. Conclusions, Speculations and Plans
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CHECK OUT THE ROOM IN ADVANCE
SIZE OF ROOMPODIUMPOINTERCOMPUTER HOOKUPMICROPHONESCREEN
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• felt vs thought or believe• incidence vs prevalence• phenomenon(na)• parameter vs variable• constitute vs comprise (consist) • effects vs affects
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#1 Mistake in Science Talks: The Assumption That the Audience Knows What You are Talking About
Keep it Simple: Explain!
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Introduction- Observation
Keep it simple: engage the audienceSets up the rationale for studyAbstract talks: the first slide reflects titleLong talks: Historical basis of problem Current understanding Background information
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Must have one and be able to state it
•Make no assumptions •Be specific
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Tailor description to audienceSimplifyExplain methodsExplain abbreviations and jargonTime line must be clear
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Methods
In order to measure isoprostanes, we first collected pig urine
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Figures and Data Slides Declarative title Point to axes-describe 1 min per slide Speak to the slide Don’t over-interpret data Avoid tables!
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Common Errors in Data Display and Graphing
Indexing/ProportionalityScalingReadabilityComplexityCredibility
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After careful study, most investigators have concluded that tables generally stink as a way to portray information to an audience.
Summary
Conclusion
If you want to present a good talk, avoid tables.
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Proportionality Problems: What is a Doubling?
Radius = 1 Area = r2 Volume = r3
r = 1Area = 1Volume = 3
r = 2Area = 4Volume = 8
r = 1.26Area = 1.6Volume = 2
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100
50
0
mmHg
ETIME
…. ……….… SBP
…. … ………. Ppa
Pa Pressure Doubled After Endotoxin
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30
20
10
0
Ppa
ETIME
Ppa Doubles After Endotoxin
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X
100
0
PRE POST
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….X Increased after Treatment
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100
X
0PRE POST
. .
X Increased after Treatment
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Substance P is a Potent Pressor
80
70
mmHg
PRE POST
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100
0
mmHg
Substance P is a Mild Pressor
PRE POST
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TGFb: Involvement in PPH Pathogenesis
•Cell proliferation, differentiation•Apoptosis•Morphogenesis•Organogenesis
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Genetic Mapping
FamilyStudies
Chromosome Interval
Met A A Met T T G GVal G G Val T T C C Ser T T Ser C C A ALeu C C Leu T T G G Gln C T A A A APro C C C C G GCys T T G G T T
STOP
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1. ESTs, unidentied
2. ESTs, unidentied
3. ESTs, highly similar to patched [Drosophila melanogaster]
4. Phosphofructokinase (PFK)
5. BMPR2 Positional & Functional candidate for PPH
6. ESTs, unidentied
7. Deleted in pancreatic cancer 1 (DPC1)
8. ESTs, unidentied
Genes in Interval
ComputerSearch
MutationDetection
CandidateGenes
DiseaseMutation
Linkage & Disease Gene Hunting 2000+
HGP
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Summary: be concise statement of facts
Conclusions: meaning or lesson speculations
Problems and Plans: what is next what to fix
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Oh, yes: finally
• you probably shouldn’t make every slide a different font and color