THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

Writs of Assistance to combat colonial smuggling

"A number of persons, to the amount of thirty or forty, mostly boys and youngsters, who assembled ... near the sentry at the Custom-house door, damned him, and bid him fire and be damned; and some snow ball were throwed ... I saw a party of soldiers come from the main guard, and draw themselves up ... the people still continued in the street, crying, 'Fire, fire, and be damned,' and hove some more snow

balls, whereupon I heard a musket go off, and in the space of two or three seconds, I heard the word 'fire' given ... and instantly the soldiers fired one after another."

THE BEAVER

BRICK TEA

http://store1.yimg.com/I/stashtea_1864_54375815

Sons of Liberty flag

BACKGROUND April 1775 Fighting begins at

Lexington & Concord

AMERICAN ADVANT. BRITISH ADVANT. Britain is far away Home-court

advantage Resourceful/smart Colonies are spread

out 1/3 are patriots

More ppl / soldiers More experience Better weapons /

supplies World’s best navy 1/3 are loyalists One “decider”

Military Strategies

Attrition Guerilla tactics Alliance with one of Britain’s enemies

The Americans The BritishBreak the colonies in half Blockade the ports to prevent ally’s help“Divide and Conquer” use the Loyalists

http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/42bunker/42images/42MAP2Bh.GIF

http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/fa267/sequence.html

p. 187

BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL First Big Battle Americans retreated after killing 1,000 British

Proved Americans could fight

COLONIAL MUSKET

March 1776 - Colonists drive British out of Boston (victory).

July 1776Declaration of Independence

written by Thomas Jefferson

AUGUST 2ND 1776 PRINT OF DECLARATION

Only surviving printing from south of Mason-Dixon Line

JULY 9, 1776 READING OF DECLARATION IN NYC

Phase I: The Northern Campaign[1775-1776]

Phase II:NY & PA

[1777-1778]

New York City in Flames(1776)

FIGHTING IN NEW YORK

November 1776 – Washington retreats from New York

Washington Crossing the Delaware

Painted by Emanuel Leutze, 1851

Washington Crosses Delaware Riv.

BATTLE OF TRENTON Washington crossed the Delaware River on Christmas night, 1776

Americans surprised and captured 900 German mercenaries

SARATOGA Took place in

NEW YORK, Am. defeated

British Gen. Burgoyne – gave up army & cannons

Boosted morale

Turning point of the war – we got the help of France

World war????

Saratoga: “Turning Point” of the War?

A modern-day re-enactment

Britain’s “Southern Strategy”Britain thought that there were more

Loyalists in the South.Southern resources were more valuable/worth preserving.The British win a number of small victories, but cannot pacify the countryside.Good US General:Nathanial Greene

Valley Forge

THE AMERICAN CRISIS: PAINE

These are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine

patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands

it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman.

Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious

the triumph. What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly: it is dearness only that gives every

thing its value.

Valley Forge•Very cold winter camp•Short on supplies, food, clothes•Began training

Phase III: The Southern Strategy [1780-1781]

•British wanted to fight in the South – more loyalists (tories)?•Cornwallis (Br.) ran from the patriots•Br. surrendered at Yorktown in October 1781

War in the South

FRENCH / ALLIES Lafayette – 19 y/o French

commander, gave huge donations, helped out by adding soldiers

Rochambeau helped Washington, brought large army

War in the South

•Independence of US recognized

•New borders – Atlantic Ocean to Mississippi River

Treaty of Paris - 1783

Cornwallis’ Surrender at Yorktown:

Painted by John Trumbull, 1797“The World Turned Upside

Down!”

North America After theTreaty of Paris, 1783