The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA)...
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![Page 1: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain
1.3 m height
Simone Vieira (CENA)
Susan Trumbore (UCI)Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli (CENA)
Diogo Selhorst (SETEM) Niro Higuchi (INPA)
![Page 2: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Asner et al. 2005
![Page 4: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Asner et al. 2005
![Page 5: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Eco
syst
em
Fu
nct
ion
Time
Elasticity
Disturbance
Inertia
System stability
Function range
![Page 6: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
•Forest Structure and dynamics
•Age structure
![Page 7: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Background
![Page 8: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Precipitation
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Decmonth
mm
Manaus Rio Branco Santarém
2200 mm1900 mm
1960 mm
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Differences between forests
![Page 11: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Forest structure
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
10-30 30-50 >50
DBH Size Class (cm)
Ste
m h
a-1
Manaus Santarém Catuaba Humaitá
![Page 12: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Manaus has more biomass overall, in smaller trees, than sites with a more pronounced dry season
Vieira et al., 2004
Manaus
DBH 10-30 cm33%
DBH 30-50 cm37%
DBH >50 cm
30%
Rio Branco
DBH 10-30 cm32%
DBH 30-50 cm24%
DBH >50 cm
44%
Santarém
DBH 10-30 cm26%
DBH 30-50 cm19%
DBH >50 cm
55%
Humaitá
DBH 10-3027%
DBH 30-5024%
DBH >5049%
![Page 13: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Not all forests in the Amazon are alike
Site Stem/ha MgC/haManaus 626 180Santarém 460 141Rio Branco 466 95Humaitá 399 103
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0
50
100
150
200
250
10-30a 30-50a >50a 10-30b 30-50b >50b 10-30c 30-50c >50c
DBH size class (cm)
Ste
m/h
a
0-5050-100100-300300-500>500
Age Class
Age structure simulated - Manaus
0.04cm/year 0.65* stdev
0.02cm/year stdev
0.02cm/year 0.65* stdev
Trees >300 years old50%
Trees >300 years old50%
Trees >300 years old45%
Vieira et al. 2005
![Page 15: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
0
50
100
150
200
250
10-30a 30-50a >50a 10-30b 30-50b >50b 10-30c 30-50c >50c
DBH size class (cm)
Ste
m/h
a
0-5050-100100-300300-500>500
Age Class
Age structure simulated - Rio Branco
0.04cm/year 0.65* stdev
0.02cm/year stdev
0.02cm/year 0.65* stdev
Trees >300 years old32%
Trees >300 years old38%
Trees >300 years old27%
Vieira et al. 2005
![Page 16: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
0
50
100
150
200
250
10-30a 30-50a >50a 10-30b 30-50b >50b 10-30c 30-50c >50c
DHB size class (cm)
Ste
m/h
a
0-5050-100100-300300-500>500
Age Class
Age structure simulated - Santarém
0.04cm/year 0.65* stdev
0.02cm/year stdev
0.02cm/year 0.65* stdev
Trees >300 years old18%
Trees >300 years old27%
Trees >300 years old17%
Vieira et al. 2005
![Page 17: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Manaus
Santarém Rio Branco
Individuals/ha 626 460 466Biomass C MgC/ha 180 141 95Growth MgC/ha/yr 1.6-2.1 2.2 -3.0 3.3-3.4Mean age of C (yr)* 119 103 80 MRT of C (stock/growth)** 95 37 94 Mean Tree Age (yr)* 422 332 255* From monte carlo simulations **biomass-weighted Data from Vieira et al. 2004
C dynamics differ with forest location
![Page 18: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• Radiocarbon and dendrometer based estimates of growth agree
• Big trees grow more rapidly than small trees
• Trees in Manaus (central Amazon) grow much more slowly than other areas
![Page 19: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Field sites
• Terra firme forest• Oxisols (Distrophic and Eutrophic)• Variation in dry season length• Shortest in Manaus, longer in Rio Branco
(Catuaba and Humaitá), Santarém• Water Table – Deep (Manaus, Santarém)
– Shallow (Acre)
![Page 20: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Sampling
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• 2 plots by site (2.5 X 2.5 m)
• Recent gap and not recent gap
• All trees smaller than 10 cm DBH
• Tress with 1.3m heigth
• Radiocarbon dating – Base and DBH (center)
![Page 22: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
1.3m
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0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Time (years)
D1
4 C ‰
NH mean
SH mean
-30 to +30
![Page 24: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
No recent gap
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Catuaba Humaita Manaus Santarém
Ste
m
>45
30 to 45
10 to 30
1 to 10
~ 14000 stem/ha
![Page 25: The age of the DBH How much time tropical trees need to attain 1.3 m height Simone Vieira (CENA) Susan Trumbore (UCI) Plínio Camargo (CENA) Luiz Martinelli.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062619/5518cc34550346a61f8b5a90/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Recent gap
0
2
4
6
8
10
Catuaba Manaus SantarémStem
>45
30 to 45
10 to 30
1 to 10
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• Although biomass may recover quickly through fast-growing pioneer species, slow growing species (therefore biodiversity) will take centuries to recover from disturbance
Implications of low growth rates: