Philosophy in the Age of Reason Chapter 5 Section I: Philosophy in the Age of Reason.
The Age of Reason
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Transcript of The Age of Reason
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The Age of ReasonThe Revolutionary Period in American Literature
1750-1800
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Background: The Age of ReasonBy the mid to late 1700’s, the Puritan
influence began to waneTime of American EnlightenmentMaterialists not idealistsReality is perceived by sensesGod is not present all the timeSelf-Determinism!Desire to improve life for everyone
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The Focus on “Reason”Definition: The Age of Reason is a
movement that was marked by emphasis on rationality rather than tradition, scientific inquiry rather than unquestioning religious dogma, and representative government instead of monarchy.
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What’s the Context?
People come from Europe to American colonies
Colonies were NOT HAPPY with situation
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Troubles with British Rule
Defending coloniesStamp Act of 1765Boston Tea Party in 1773Declaration of Independence in 1776British Surrendered on October 19,
1781
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Characteristics
Patriotism growsInstills prideCreate a
common agreement about issues
American character
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How does this Influence Literature?
Nonfiction is far more influential than fiction
Most important pieces of literature:SpeechesPolitical DocumentsPamphlets
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Major Literature and Authors of the Time
Literature
The Declaration of Independence
Patrick Henry’s Speech to the Virginia Convention
Thomas Paine’s The Crisis
The Federalist Papers Works of Benjamin
Franklin
Authors
Thomas Jefferson Patrick Henry Thomas Paine Benjamin Franklin Any “Founding
Fathers”
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Who is Benjamin Franklin?
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Benjamin Franklin 1706-1790 Born in Boston in1706 No formal education Became a printer's
apprentice in his brother's print shop
Wrote under “Silence Dogood”
At 17 moved to Philadelphia Bought and revitalized The
Philadelphia Gazette
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Political Career
Spokesman for colonies before war Member of 2nd Continental Congress Enlisted support of French during
Revolutionary war Helped negotiate The Treaty of Paris Helped draft Declaration of Independence Present of commonwealth of PA Helped draft constitution
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Contributions
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Franklin’s Writing Career Purpose: to be clear and persuasive Goals as a journalist: fought for human
rights, freedom of the press Significant works: The Autobiography,
Poor Richard’s Almanac Style: Sophisticated language, moralizing
tone, humor Characters: “Slience Dogood”, “Poor
Richard,” and Franklin himself
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Poor Richard’s Almanac
Almanac contained practical information
Bestseller Annual publication from 1732-1757 Moral messages while entertaining Best known for use of:
Maxim: A SHORT saying with a serious moral lesson
Aphorism: A SHORT saying with a humorous moral lesson
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The Autobiography Wrote the first section in
1771 at age 65 Only goes from early life to
year 1759 Filled with opinions and
advice Record of achievement and
character First great American success
story
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“IF YOU WOULD NOT BE FORGOTTEN, AS SOON AS
YOU ARE DEAD AND ROTTEN, EITHER WRITE THINGS
WORTHY OF READING, OR DO THINGS WORTH THE
READING.
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Franklin and the American Dream
Self-made Self-taught Generous Ingenious Thrifty
Self-deprecating Good-humored Hard working Helpful Confident And of
course…..HUMBLE
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Final Thoughts: Dwight Vs. Franklin