(Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il,...
-
Upload
kendall-higginson -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
0
Transcript of (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il,...
![Page 1: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
(Thank you, Sue Pojer)
![Page 2: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to Moses and Jesus, and that given to (all) prophets from their Lord: We make no difference between one and another of them: And we bow to Allah (in Islam). (2:136).
![Page 4: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• The second verse says: We believe in Allah, and in what has been revealed to us and what was revealed to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and in (the Books) given to Moses, Jesus, and the prophets, from their Lord: We make no distinction between one and another among them, and to Allah do we bow our will (in Islam). (3:84).
![Page 5: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
IslamAn Abrahamic Religion
IslamAn Abrahamic Religion
Muslims are strict monotheists.
They believe in the Judeo- Christian God (Allah)
Muslims believe that the Torah and the Bible, like the Qur’an, is part of the word of God.
“People of the Book”
![Page 6: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Abraham’s GenealogyAbraham’s Genealogy
ABRAHAMABRAHAM SARAHSARAHHAGARHAGAR
IsaacIsaac
EsauEsauJacobJacob
12 Tribes of Israel
12 Tribes of Israel
Ishmael
Ishmael
12 Arabian Tribes
12 Arabian Tribes
![Page 7: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Prophetic Tradition
The Prophetic Tradition
Adam
Noah
Abraham
Moses
Jesus
Muhammad
![Page 8: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Origins of the Qur’an
The Origins of the Qur’an Muhammad received his first
revelation from the angel Gabriel in the Cave of Hira in 610.
622 Hijrah Muhammed fled Mecca for Medina. * The beginning of the Muslim calendar (1 A.H.)
Muhammad’s revelations were compiled into the Qur’an by 650, soon after his death (632) –.
![Page 10: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Qur’anThe Qur’an Muslims believe it contains the word of God.
114 suras (chapters).
In the name of Allah, the compassionate, the merciful.
Written in Arabic.
![Page 11: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Dar al-IslamThe Dar al-Islam
11 22 33 44 55
The ummaThe
umma
![Page 13: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
1. The Shahada1. The Shahada The testimony.
The declaration of faith:
There is no god except God, and Muhammad is HisMessenger [or Prophet].
There is no god except God, and Muhammad is HisMessenger [or Prophet].
![Page 14: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
2. The Salat2. The Salat
The prayers performed 5 times a day: * dawn * noon * late afternoon * sunset * before going to bed
Wash before praying.
Face Mecca and use a prayer rug.
![Page 15: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
22
The call to prayer by the muezzin in the minaret.
Pray in the mosque on Friday.
![Page 16: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
3. The Zakat3. The Zakat
Almsgiving (charitable donations).
Muslims believe that all things belong to God.
Zakat means both “purification” and “growth.”
![Page 17: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
4. The Sawm4. The Sawm Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan.
Considered a method of self- purification.
No eating or drinking from sunrise to sunset during Ramadan.
Eid al fitr – end of Ramadan celebration
![Page 18: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
5. The Hajj5. The Hajj The pilgrimage to Mecca.
To be done at least once in a Muslim’s lifetime, if possible.
2-3 million Muslims make the pilgrimage every year.
![Page 19: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The Kaaba
![Page 20: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
5. The Hajj5. The Hajj reinforces the concept of equality among all believers – the umma
![Page 21: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The MosqueThe Mosque
The Muslim place of worship.
![Page 22: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The Dome of the Rock Mosque in
Jerusalem
The Dome of the Rock Mosque in
Jerusalem
Mount Moriah Rockwhere Muhammad ascended into heaven.
![Page 23: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Other Traditional
Islamic Practices
Other Traditional
Islamic Practices Shari’a body of Islamic law to regulate daily life - derived from the Quran and the Hadith
No alcohol or pork.
No gambling.
kind speech & actions
![Page 24: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Essential Question:Essential Question:
Why was Islam able to spread so quickly and
convert so many to the new religion?
![Page 25: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The Spread of IslamThe Spread of Islam Easy to adopt.
No priesthood.
Teaches equality.
Non-Muslims, who were “Peoples of the Book,” were allowed religious freedom; just paid a military tax.
Easily “portable” nomads & trade routes; not necess. culture specific
Jihad (“Holy War”) for inner purity
![Page 26: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Islamic Caliphates and States
![Page 27: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Muhammad’s death 632• Caliph= “successor to the
Prophet”• 1) Abu Bakr • 2) Umar (began conquest of
Syria, Egypt, Sassanid Empire)• 3) Uthman – (assassinated;
assassins chose Ali as new successor –Civil war 656-680
![Page 28: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
• Muhammad = Khadija
Fatimah = Ali (assassinated)• Hassan (poisoned)
• Husayn (assassinated)at: Battle of Karbala (in Iraq)
• To Shi’a Islam, only descendants of Muhammad are true successors (imam) 10-day mourning period held every Muharram
• Twelvers & Hidden Imam
![Page 29: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Split over successor=• Sunni• No single
person can define true belief; accepted political caliphates
• Shia• Only heir of
Muhammad –• 12th imam –
Hidden Imam – will return (& a little later, Jesus) to rule and judge
• 1000 yrs justice
![Page 30: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Damascus - capital
Umayyad Caliphate 661-750
Founded by Uthman kinsman
![Page 31: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Frankish Kingdom
Eastern Roman/ Byzantine Empire
Umayyad Caliphate “Dar al Islam”
Battle of Tours 732
![Page 32: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
• 750 – Abbasid Caliphate – Overthrew last Umayyad (although one fled to Spain and established a caliphate there- Cordoba)
• Begins the Golden Age• Conversion to Islam • 945 – smaller Abbasid Empire
becomes Shiite ruled: Iran & Iraq
![Page 33: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Abbasid Caliphate 750
New capital –
Baghdad
![Page 34: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Umayyad Spain
Abbasid Caliphate and Umayyad Spain – Islamic Golden Age 750-1000
![Page 35: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Islamic golden age• “The ink of the scholar is more
holy than the blood of martyrs.”• Classical works preserved• Papermaking adopted• Philosophers• Environmental treatises, esp. on
pollution• Hospitals – a variety• Medical knowledge & advancements
![Page 36: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
• Mathematical & scientific writings (surpass total # of classical writings)
• Globalization of trade & cultural diffusion
• Adoption of Indian number system• Business & contractual law practices• Chemistry, physics, psychology,
Algebra• Libraries (with lending) and emphasis
on education
![Page 37: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
• Page from algebra treatise of Persian Muslim Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī
![Page 38: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Fatimid dynasty- Shi’a
Cairo
![Page 39: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
• Seljuk Turks – nomadic invaders– triggered urban decline & attacks on Byz Emp
• Some unity re-established: Saladin; involved in the Crusades
• Mamluks – Turkish slaves established an empire that halted the Mongols ca. 1250
![Page 40: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Salah - al – din /Saladin
-recaptured Jerusalem from the
European Crusaders
![Page 41: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Seljuk Turks
![Page 42: (Thank you, Sue Pojer). We believe in God, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to.](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022103111/551650b8550346b2068b58be/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Mamluk sultanate - (1250–1517)
Resisted being conquered by The Mongols13th century