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Test K-DES N.3 Applied in Pigs avoids the decomposition

and allows the preservation of organic matter.

www.abc-des.com

TO SUMMARIZE:

- Product K-DES is a 25% water solution that avoids the decomposition and

allows the preservation of organic matter, not only when applied by spraying but

also when applied by immersion.

- Product K-DES is a 25% water solution that avoids the decomposition and

allows the preservation of organic matter, even after the process of

decomposition has already started.

- Product K-DES can be reused without reducing its preserving effect, avoids

the decomposition and allows the preservation of organic matter.

- When used by spraying, product K-DES preserves and avoids the

decomposition and allows the preservation of organic matter for over 96 hours.

The application of a 25% water solution of K-DESprovides the samples with

an insect repellent and leaves them soft enough to ease its future treatment and

elimination.

- For the reason that K-DES must be applied by spraying when a farming scope

is concerned, and waiting for new tests for this to be confirmed, we can draw

the conclusion that bodies can remain for a period of 96 hours without great in-

convenience for the environment.

- K-DES is a nontoxic product, nor ADR, which avoids the decomposition and

allows the preservation of organic matter, helping the bio safety of the

environment in which it is applied.

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TEST K-DES III

Completed between 4th and 9th

of August 2006

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http://www.abc-des.com/http://www.abc-des.com/

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INDEX

Previous notes on the test ................................................................... 2Day 0. Inicio 04-08-2006 .................................................................. 4Day 1 05-08-2006............................................................................ 7Day 2 06-08-2006............................................................................. 9Day 3 07-08-2006........................................................................... 12Day 4 08-08-2006........................................................................... 15Day 5 09-08-2006........................................................................... 19Statistics Summary............................................................................ 22Conclusions....................................................................................... 29

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0BUPrevious notes on the test Test K-DES III

Previous notes on the test

Objective

The aim is to check the application protocol that has been designed by our technical

department for the use of product K-DES by spraying on pigs, in order to assess its

effects as a disinfectant, repellent and preservative of organic matter.

So, two pigs were taken, one of them labeled as reference sample, with no product

being applicated on it, and the other one was sprayed on with a solution of K-DES

every 48 hours, following the established protocol.

Test Conditions

Across this document, daily observed conditions are referred to. It can be added upthat samples have been maintained in the open air, therefore under the effects of

the environment, and subjected to likely flies and insects action, proper of the rural

environment in which they were staying.

The test took place during the period between the 4th and 9th of August 2006 in the

I+D+I Technological Scientific Centre of Teaxul S.A. company, in the town of

Baiona, province of Pontevedra.

It has to be noticed that we have been under very high temperatures, uncharacteris-

tic of the zone, with the start and development of the test taking place at the same

time as many forest fires, mainly in Cangas, situated in the other side of the bay,

what caused very thick smoke clouds, making visibility and breathing difficult in the

zone where the test took place. This, together with atmospheric conditions of around

960 hPa and a relative humidity of 50%, was the cause of very specific and extreme

environmental conditions across the test.

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0BUPrevious notes on the test Test K-DES III

For the assessment of the treatment, variables such as appearance, smell, flies and

insects presence, were used. All of them symptoms of decomposition that are not

subjective issues anymore, due to the important effects observed as a consequence

of K-DESapplication, when compared to the reference sample.

The person in charge of the study, Mr. Javier Chvez, is an expert in embalming,

with many years of experience in human and animal corpse handling, which gives

him a knowledge to detect small details, proper of organic matter decomposition,

which are referred to in this report.

Also, across the execution of the test, we counted on the experience and knowledge

of the veterinary surgeon Dr. Luis Couto and on the technical support of Mr. Xulio

Csar Gonzalez, manager of Teaxul, S.A. and the I+D+I Technological Scientific

Center that this company owns in Baiona, where the trials took place. We thank

them for their advice and collaboration given across the whole test.

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1BUDay 0. Inicio 04-08-2006 Test K-DES III

Day 0. Inicio 04-08-2006

Before the start of the test

Pigs were sacrificed at 2,00 pm, being taken to the test place at 5 pm, and being left

in a meadow, separated a distance of 10 metres from each other, in order to avoid

that corpse fauna from one animal could cause any effect on the other.

Then, the first application of the product was done, with an air temperature of 34C,

moment shown by next pictures. The study consisted of two pigs, one of them usedas a reference sample, labelled as A, though the other one, labelled as B, was

sprayed on with a litre of a 25% water solution of the product.

Right after the application of the product on pig B was concluded, first flies around

the reference animal started to appear.

Start of the test

OBSERVATIONS

K-DES is a translucent product, not crystalline, of quick action and with a very par-

ticular smell, what allows to differenciate treated from non-treated samples, in a se-

cure and easy way.

Application of the product is done in an easy way by pressurized spraying on the bodies

to be treated, which easies the adhearence of the product to the body surface, thus

getting a high grade of impregnation.

As mentioned above, 2 pigs were selected, and classified as follows:

First pig (A) was used as a reference, not being previously treated.

Second pig (B) was sprayed on with, approximately, a litre of a 25% water solution

of K-DES.

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REFERENCE - A

SPRAYING B

SPRAYING B

During application, spraying was made mainly on soft areas and orifices of en-

trance to the animal body, namely mouth, ears, anus, abdominal zone and a

wound that was made in the neck during the animal sacrifice.

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Next pictures show the environment in

which the test was carried out.

As it can be observed, there is no pro-

tection against insolation and conditions

are the same as the ones given in plain

nature, being the same ones as if the

animal was left aside in the farming ex-

ploitation premises.

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2BUDay 1 05-08-2006 Test K-DES III

Day 1 05-08-2006

First day of study. Sample measurements were made at 5 pm, with an air tempera-

ture of 35C. No application of K-DESwas done on the recipient sample.

During the first 24 hours, and just by looking at it, initial effects on the reference

animal could be observed, i.e. releasing of excrements and the action of flies on the

corpses. The fact that the amount of flies was very large caused, along 24 hours,

the acceleration of the decomposition process and for the smell to be very notice-

able.

As for pig B, that was treated with K-DES, a characteristic smell of the product

could be perceived, with just a few flies around the animal that would not land on it

due to the repellent effect of the product.

As it can be seen, the difference between both animals is noticeable just by looking

at them, only after 24 hours.

REFERENCE A SPRAYING B

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Flies tend to land on soft areas and on orifices of entrance to the body (mouth, anus,

wounds,...) and, as it can be observed in these pictures, after 24 hours, mouth colo-

nization has already started. It must be had into account that, though we can only

see the external part of it in the pictures, flies are also doing their work in the inside.

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Day 2 06-08-2006

Second day of study. 6th of August, at 5 pm, with an air temperature of 35C. Tem-

peratures reached 36C along the day and the effect of the smoke from forest fires

in near towns were evident. Conditions were so extreme that, as it can be proved

from next pictures, the thermometer that was being used for the test, went broken.

Sample A - Reference

On this day, we can already observe the advanced state of decomposition of refer-ence pig, as well as a large amount of worms, flies and a big swelling all over its

body.

Putrefaction smell is very strong, thus making almost unbearable to stay close to the

animal.

Sample B - Spraying

As for pig B, smell of K-DES is still perceptible and, just by looking at it, no great

changes can be observed, only a slight swelling in the head, due to anaerobic fermen-

tations caused by organisms in charge of decomposition.

Since at the time of the check, it had been 48 hours from the first application of K-

DES , a new application of the product was done on animal B.


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The presence of many flies in the anal area of the reference animal can be ob-

served, as well as excrement and internal liquids spilling, in both cases. This is a

common phenomenon caused by internal decomposition process, since we only

intend to slow down its effect by the use of K-DES

In the pictures on the left, a detail of the

reference animal head can be seen,

after turning it upside down and being

able to see the side that was touching

the ground. If carefully observed, we will

note that the surface is full of larvae,

fact that is not happening on the animal

that was treated with K-DESas we can

check in next picture.

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In this picture, apart from checking the state of the head of the animal that has

been treated with K-DES, we can also see the temperature reached by the ther-

mometer that, as seen in this picture, went broken.

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Day 3 07-08-2006

Third day of study. Along the day 7th of August, temperatures were still very high,

with an air temperature of 35C at 5 pm.

Sample A - Reference

The amount of internal and external insects is very noticeable on reference animal,

with its effects on the animal corpse being observed perfectly.

At this moment, the smell expelled by this animal is very unpleasant and nauseating,

as we can guess once we have seen its grade of decomposiiton.

Sample B- Spraying

In pig B, not many changes can be observed, after the second application of the

product has been done.

After applying the product, the few insects that were present were eliminated by the

action of K-DES, what made it easier to slow down the natural process of decom-

position.

In the next pictures, differences between both animals can be observed.

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This is the appearance of the animals once they have been turned upside down in

order to observe the side that was touching the ground.


In this set of pictures we can see how flies attack all the soft areas and orifices of

entrance to the reference animal body, as well as the presence of many larvae in all

those areas. In some of them the tissues have been already destroyed.

As for the animal that has been sprayed on with K-DES, there are some signs of

internal decomposition, but very slight if compared to the reference animals. No

larvae can be seen outside due to the repellent effect of K-DES, which keeps

them inside the body.

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Day 4 08-08-2006

Fourth day of study. Day 8th of August. Data take was done at 5 pm, with an air

temperature of 32C.

Sample A Reference

In case A, the action of internal insects and necrophagous fly larvae, have caused

the expelling of gases and the widely extended consumption of the animal soft tis-

sues, thus getting the animal into an advanced stage of decomposition, only after

four days from the sacrifice, as we can check in next pictures.

As it can be guessed from its state, the smell expelled by the animal could be clearly

perceived from several metres away.

Sample B Spraying

Animal B showed the first internal worms since, as indicated before, application of

K-DES by spraying can slow down the external process of decomposition, but it

cannot stop it.

However, the amount is very small, and they dont accelerate the decomposition

process since, right after coming out, they die because of the effect of the product

that is present. The smell of pig B is not very significant and its appearance is not

deteriorated very much.

Since this data take was done after 96 hours from the start of the test, a third and

last application was done on animal B.

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It shows the presence of many larvae and internal insects appeared in the refer-

ence animal, in the head, abdominal and anal areas.

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As it can be seen in these pictures, the stage of decomposition of reference animal,

if compared to the state of the animal that has been treated with K-DES, is very

significant, and we can clearly see and just by looking at it, the benefits provided by

the treatment with this product, after 96 hours from the sacrifice.

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After turning the animal upside down in order to see the evolution of decomposition

under the body, a high grade of dehydration as well as the size and amount of pre-

sent larvae can be observed.

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Day 5 09-08-2006

Fifth day of study. Day 9th of August, at 5 pm, with an air temperature of 34C, mo-

ment at which the observation was done.

Sample A Reference

In next pictures we can observe the advanced stage of decomposition of the animal

after having been kept 5 days in the open air. It shows the disappearance of most

part of the tissue and organs, in the head as well as in the abdominal areas, withmany necrophagous insects being present (larvae, worms, ...), which were in the

inside feeding themselves.

Sample B - Spraying

In case B, once again, the effect of K-DES application over the external decompo-

sition process can be observed.


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Note the organ disappearance in animal A, as well as the great amount and big size

of larvae, unlike B, which is kept in a significant state of preservation.



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Enlargement of the picture of the reference animal above, on the fifth day of test.

This is the state of the reference animal, at 10,30 pm on the last day of test, right

before removing it for its elimitation.

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7BUStatistics Summary Test K-DES III

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Statistics Summary

Now, a chart summary of observations done by the expert, is shown.

Temperatures

Day 0 1 2 3 4 5

T at data take instant (C) 34 35 35 35 32 34

Maxcimum T (C)1

28 30 32 30 31 28

Chart of Temperature

40

Note: It has to be remarked that temperatures on these dates were influenced by the

large amount of forest fires in the region, having conditions of atmospheric pressure

and relative humidity that were not common for the region.

1This temperatures were measured in Santa Mara de Oa observatory, which is located a

few kilometres away from Baiona, at an altitude of 450 metres, what means a difference of 4

or 5 degrees between the temperature reached during the study and official temperature.

Besides, it has to be taken into account that measurement points in observatories are always

sheltered, what means that measurements values are lower than those registered in the

open air.

0

510

15

Days

DegreesCelsius

35

30Data take time25Maximum (1)

20

Day 0 Day 1 Day 5Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

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On the other hand, it has to be remarked that pigs were lying in a meadow, in the

open air, and exposed to around 11 hours of insolation a day, with no rains all along

the study.

Smell

Evaluation of registered data:

0 Proper smell of product K-DES.

5 Unpleasant smell due to decomposition processes.

10 Unbearable smell due to decomposition processes.

Day 0 1 2 3 4 5

Sample A 0 3 6 9 10 10

Sample B 0 0 1 2 3 4

Chart of Smell

01

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Day 0 Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5

Days

Sample A

Sample B

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Presence of external insects (flies and others)


0 no insects.

5 considerable amount of insects.

10 many insects.

Day 0 1 2 3 4 5

Sample A 2 5 7 8 6 3

Sample B 0 0 0 1 3 3

Chart of Presence of external insects

0123456789

10


Days

Sample A

Sample B

Note: The amount of insects that were present around reference animal was smaller

on the last day of test, since the state of decomposition of the animal was no longer

attractive to flies, and most of the tissues were already disappeared.

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Presence of internal insects (larvae and necrophagous ones)

Assessment of registered data:

0 no larvae and/or necrophagous insects.

5 considerable amount of larvae and/or necrophagous insects.

10 many larvae and/or necrophagous insects.

Day 0 1 2 3 4 5

Sample A 0 0 5 7 10 10

Sample B 0 0 0 3 3 4

Sample B

Sample A

Days

Day 5Day 4Day 3Day 2Day 1Day 0

0123456789

10

Chart of Presence of internal insects

Note: it must be recalled that, larvae and necrophagous insects that were observed,

died once in touch with K-DES.

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Other signs of decomposition

Swelling


0 no body swelling due to decomposition processes.

5 moderate body swelling due to decomposition processes.

10 big body swelling due to decomposition processes.

Day 0 1 2 3 4 5

Sample A 0 3 7 9 7 1

Sample B 0 1 3 3 4 5

Chart of Swelling

01

23456789

10


Days

Sample A

Sample B

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Dehydration


0 no body dehydration due to decomoposition processes.

5 moderate grade of body dehydration due to decomposition processes.

10 high grade of body dehydration due to decomposition processes.

Day 0 1 2 3 4 5

Sample A 0 0 0 3 5 8

Sample B 0 0 0 0 0 0

Chart of Dehydration

0123456789

10


Days

Sample A

Sample B

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Comparative chart of observed parameters

0

2

4

6

8

10

Whithout Whith Whithout Whith Whithout Whith Whithout Whith Whithout Whith

K-DES K-DESK-DES K-DES K-DES K-DES K-DES K-DESK-DESK-DES

Smell Presence ofExt. Insects

Presence ofInt. Insects

Swelling Dehydration


This chart shows all the measurements appeared in charts above, thus we can

check the differences between the animal which has been sprayed on with K-DES

and the one which has not.

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8BConclusions Test K-DES III

Conclusions

Results obtained from the test that has been carried out with pigs and to which this

documents refers, corroborate conclusions on the biocidal, repellent, and preserva-

tive of organic matter effect of K-DES , which notably contributes to the preserva-

tion of a more hygienic environment, thus avoiding unpleasant situations and, even,

zoonosis that is likely to arise from those situations, and transmision of illnesses.

According to the test, and after having specifically analyzed the results, we can draw

the following conclusions:

- K-DESreduces unpleasant smell, proper of organic matter putrefaction.

- K-DES very notably reduces the amount and size of larvae and necro-

phagous insects, proper of animal corpses internal decomposition.

- K-DES reduces body swelling, proper of body putrefaction.

- K-DESreduces body dehydration, proper of animal corpses putrefaction.

- As a summary of all the above mentioned, we must draw the conclusion that

product K-DES, causes the effect of preventing decomposition of organic

matter once it has been applied by spraying, thus slowing down the process.

- K-DES causes the effect of stopping the process of decomposition of or-

ganic matter, even when it is in an advanced stage.

- K-DES

causes a repellent effect against flies and insects, providing thebodies with protection against external agents action, what can intervene in

the process of putrefaction of organic matter.

- Product K-DES, preserves and prevents organic matter from decomposition

for a period of over 96 hours.

- The repellent effect of K-DESavoids flies landing on the corpses and the of

egg-laying process, as well as it prevents bodies from being a vehicle of in-

fection and from accelerating the process of decomposition.

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8BConclusions Test K-DES III

- Due to its biocidal effect, K-DES eliminates larvae born in the inside as

soon as they come outside.

- On the other hand we can draw the conclusion that, if applied in the way it

has been done through this test, it means an alteration to corpse fauna de-

velopment. Although this development at an internal level cannot be avoided,

it has been modified and reduced, (having a smaller amount of larvae with a

smaller size). This phenomenon might be caused due to the impossibility of

larvae coming outside, because of the repellent and biocidal effect of the

product, or due to the alterations caused by the product at an external level,

which are transmitted to the interior of the corpse, thus changing internal

conditions.

- These results have been achieved from a reduced number of pigs, but if ex-

trapolated to an exploitation with a bigger number of corpses, flies and other

insects living in the environment, we reckon that flies and insects would act

much sooner and with a greater intensity, thus accelerating the process of

putrefaction, mainly in individuals that have not been treated with K-DES

and so making the differences clearer to observation.

- So, we could draw the conclusion that, the applicaiton of a solution of K-DES

by spraying on an animal corpse after its death, and repeating the applica-

tion every 48 hours, would slow down the processes of putrefaction and de-

composition for a period of over 96 hours, without causing unpleasant or

harmful effects to the environment where the corpse is being preserved, thus

avoiding the spreading of contagious illnesses and keeping a cleaner and

more hygienic environment.

Test K-DES 3

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