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Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical ... · Technology, Data Capture, and the...
Transcript of Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical ... · Technology, Data Capture, and the...
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Technology, Data Capture, andthe Role of the Mechanical Contractor
Nathan WoodFounder, SpectrumAEC
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[email protected]@NathanCWood650.454.5334
NathanCWood.com
Nathan Wood has emerged as a thought leader for innovation across the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. As SpectrumAEC’s founder and chief enabling officer, he leverages his international experience with BIM, Lean, and Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) to develop strategic implementation plans that balance the needs of people, process, and technology. He has a unique ability to identify the root causes preventing new technology implementation, and works alongside project stakeholders and technical leads to align the team around clear goals with shared incentives.
Outside of SpectrumAEC, Nathan continues to support industry progress through conference presentations, academic papers, and as a leader in the Construction PDF Coalition (www.cpcoalition.com).
linkedin.com/in/nathanaec
BIMBuilding Information
Modeling
VDCVirtual Design &
Construction
LEANAGC CM-Lean
Instructor
IPDIntegrated Project
Delivery
Nathan C. Wood Innovation Evangelist | Adoption Strategist
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Construction is NOT a ‘Digital’ Industry
http://www.mckinsey.com/industries/capital-projects-and-infrastructure/our-insights/imagining-constructions-digital-future
3
CDP 2016The digital future of constructionExhibit 2 of 9
Labor productivity, gross value added per hour worked, constant prices,1 index: 100 = 1995
Construction labor productivity has not kept pace with overall economic productivity.
1 Based on 2010 prices.
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
120
100
110
130
02007 2001 1997 2011 2013 2012 1995 2009 1999 2003 2014 1998 2002 2010 2004 2000 1996 2008 2006 2005
Total economy
Construction
Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Exhibit 2
CDP 2016The digital future of constructionExhibit 3 of 9
McKinsey Global Institute industry digitization index; 2015 or latest available data
The construction industry is among the least digitized.
Assets Usage Labor
Sector
ICT2
Media Professional services Finance and insurance Wholesale trade Advanced manufacturing Oil and gas Utilities Chemicals and pharmaceuticals Basic goods manufacturing Mining Real estate Transportation and warehousing Education Retail trade Entertainment and recreation Personal and local services Government Healthcare Hospitality Construction Agriculture and hunting
1Based on a set of metrics to assess digitization of assets (8 metrics), usage (11 metrics), and labor (8 metrics).2Information and communications technology.
Source: AppBrain; Bluewolf; Computer Economics; eMarketer; Gartner; IDC Research; LiveChat; US Bureau of Economic Analysis; US Bureau of Labor Statistics; US Census Bureau; McKinsey Global Institute analysis
Overall
digitization 1
Digital spending
on workers
Digital capital
deepening
Digitization
of work
Interactions
Business
processes
Market m
aking
Digital
spending
Digital
asset stock
Transactions
Relatively lowdigitization
Relatively highdigitization
Digital leaders within relatively undigitized sectors
Exhibit 3
3
CDP 2016The digital future of constructionExhibit 2 of 9
Labor productivity, gross value added per hour worked, constant prices,1 index: 100 = 1995
Construction labor productivity has not kept pace with overall economic productivity.
1 Based on 2010 prices.
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
120
100
110
130
02007 2001 1997 2011 2013 2012 1995 2009 1999 2003 2014 1998 2002 2010 2004 2000 1996 2008 2006 2005
Total economy
Construction
Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Exhibit 2
CDP 2016The digital future of constructionExhibit 3 of 9
McKinsey Global Institute industry digitization index; 2015 or latest available data
The construction industry is among the least digitized.
Assets Usage Labor
Sector
ICT2
Media Professional services Finance and insurance Wholesale trade Advanced manufacturing Oil and gas Utilities Chemicals and pharmaceuticals Basic goods manufacturing Mining Real estate Transportation and warehousing Education Retail trade Entertainment and recreation Personal and local services Government Healthcare Hospitality Construction Agriculture and hunting
1Based on a set of metrics to assess digitization of assets (8 metrics), usage (11 metrics), and labor (8 metrics).2Information and communications technology.
Source: AppBrain; Bluewolf; Computer Economics; eMarketer; Gartner; IDC Research; LiveChat; US Bureau of Economic Analysis; US Bureau of Labor Statistics; US Census Bureau; McKinsey Global Institute analysis
Overall
digitization 1
Digital spending
on workers
Digital capital
deepening
Digitization
of work
Interactions
Business
processes
Market m
aking
Digital
spending
Digital
asset stock
Transactions
Relatively lowdigitization
Relatively highdigitization
Digital leaders within relatively undigitized sectors
Exhibit 3
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Construction
Energy
Manufacturing
Transportation
Healthcare
Education
Finance
IT Spending as a % of Revenue, By Industry [Gartner 2014]
It Requires more Technology Investment People
ProcessTechnology
3.3%Cross-Industry
Average3.3xInvestment Gap
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It Requires a Process Disruption People
ProcessTechnology
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It Requires an Incentive to Collaborate
“Virtually everyone in the construction supply chain works on contracts where the incentive is to maximize their gain at the expense of others”
Just follow the money…
People
ProcessTechnology
John Macomber, ASCE Report, 2003“Follow the Money: What Really Drives Technology Innovation in Construction”
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FlawedPerformance Management
Limited
Talent
Management
Inadequate Communication Poor Organization
Contractual Misunderstandings
Poor Short Term Planning
Insufficient Risk Management
Missed Connections
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2016 World Economic Forum Report
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WHATHOW
WHY
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MY ADOPTION JOURNEYThe People. The Process. The Technology
@nathancwood@SpectrumAEC
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Boulder,CO
Austin,TX
SanFrancisco,CA
FallsChurch,VA
The Journey to DPR Construction & BIM
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SUTTERCASTROVALLEY
WHY: Sutter Health + OSHPD State RequirementsSeismicFaultLinesSanFranciscoBay,CA
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Christian,D.,Bredbury,J.,Emdanat,S.,Haase,F.,Kunz,A.,Rubel,Z.andBallard,G.(2014).“Four-phaseprojectdeliveryandthepathwaytoperfection.”In:Proc.22ndAnn.Conf.oftheInt’lGroupforLeanConstruction,IGLC-22,Oslo,Norway,June25- 27. Availableat<www.iglc.net>
WHAT: Integrated Design to Construction
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30%ReductioninSchedule
NoRework(MEP)
As-BuiltModel
IncreaseFieldCrewProduction
HOW: BIM + Lean + Integrated Project Delivery
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3DDetailingandCoordinationinTekla
ShopDrawingGenerationisDirectOutputfromTeklaModel
Benefit: Direct 3D to 2D Field Drawings
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TheFirstDiscovery:Rebarvs.PrecastSleeve• 200+FacadepenetrationsorembedwerecoordinatedwithrebarandMEP.• Precastsubcontractordidnotoriginallyaccountforrebarspacingduringdesign.• Over25%ofConnectiondesignswerechangedduetoBIMCoordination
Risk: Precast Façade Connections
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BIM=BetterProductivity&QualityBenefit: Quality Control + Increased Productivity
DPRConcretereported10%ProductivityIncreasefromBIMshopdrawingsprocess.
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2D Detail Constructability Review
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BIM + Lean: Last Responsible Moment
• OPTION#2:RoofSloperedesigned4weekspriortoroofconcretepour• Required3newdrainstobecoordinatedwithexistingMEPBIM
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TRUST:CONSTRUCTABILITYINPUTHOW? Shared Risk & Reward with MEP Trades• Routed3additionaldrainstoanearbyriserinBIM• Newdrainagecalculationoftheredesignedsloping• ConfirmedLEEDrequirementsofroofstillheld• Pouredconcreteroofslabonschedule
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TRUST:TRADESINSTALLFROMBIMAutomated Spool Fabrication from BIM
CourtesyofMcClanahanPlumbing
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SYNERGY:BIM +TOTALSTATIONIntegrated Total Station Layout
UseofRoboticTotalStation(RTS)inConjunctionwithCoordinatedMEPInsertsinBIM
4XProductivityComparedtoConventionalLayoutCourtesyofMcClanahanPlumbing
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DrywallSpoolSheetsDirectfromCoordinatedBIM
TRUST:IMPROVEDFRAMINGPROCESSDrywall Framing Productivity & Rework
Credit:DPRDrywall
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50-95%Reduction in Rework
Benefits: Installation Metrics (Castro Valley)
0%
5%
10%
Mech PlumbElectrical Drywall
Rework(%)ByTrade
Baseline
Actual
5-28%Increase in Productivity
0%
10%
20%
30%
Mech PlumbElectrical
Drywall
ProductivityIncrease%ByTrade
Planned
Actual
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SUTTERCASTROVALLEY
SUTTERALTABATES
Fall 2010: Transferring Lessons to Alta Bates
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VisualPourPlanning
Benefit: Concrete Planning & Layout
EnhancedConcreteLiftDrawings
TotalStationLayoutIntegration
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ProjectChallengesRisk: BIM vs. Field Reliability
?=?
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New Project, New Risks: Sutter Alta Bates
ComplexProjectSite
Unforseen Conditions
SeismicExpansionJointConnections
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CourtesyofTrimbleNavigationltd.
Benefit: Modeling of Unforseen Conditions
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Risk: Civil/Structural Design Coordination
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Innovation: Overlay of Revit Structure & Civil 3D
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Countermeasure: Define Rebar Design in BIM
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Pull 2D Detail from BIM for OSHPD Drawing
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Integrate x,y,z Total Station Layout from BIM
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=
Success Metric: Early Schedule Savings
Concrete Foundations
31 DaysOf Critical Path Schedule
Recovered over 10 Months
33% Time Savings Per Submittal Review
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A Tale of Two Projects: IPD Lessons Learned
Castro Valley Delivered
6 WeeksAhead of Schedule
MaintainedTarget Cost
Alta Bates Delivered
6 MonthsBehind Schedule
20 Million Over Target Cost
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BIM?IPD? LEAN?
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The Castro Valley Difference: Culture
Teammemberschorus:Don’ttrythiswithstrangers.Expectlengthycontractnegotiationsandendlessmeetings.
Bevigilantaboutcommunicating.
“Theactualeffortrequiredwasunderestimatedonboththedesignandconstructionsides,”saysJamesMobley,aDevenney principal.
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Mistakes are Part of Innovation. Who’s to Blame?
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Contract Changes also Need Culture Changes
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The Digital Adoption Tipping Point Starts with….
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WHAT
WHY
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2016 World Economic Forum: The ‘What’
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The Potential of Big Data: Predix by GE
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The Reality of Big Data
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IFTHEN
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The Truth About Trusting Bad Data
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Barriers to Adoption of Integrated Data
https://www.weforum.org/reports/shaping-the-future-of-construction-a-breakthrough-in-mindset-and-technology
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Impact-Likelihood Matrix of Construction Tech
Practical
Possible
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Virtual Reality vs. Augmented Reality
http://futurism.com/images/vr-ar-and-mr-whats-the-difference-infographic-2/
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‘Proof of Concept’ Video (Trimble & Hololens)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kXVW4sUsh3A
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http://strxur.com/no-plans-no-problem-building-ar/
StrXur.com – Framing Layout with Hololens
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Nerding Out: Hololens Location Accuracy
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Pop Quiz: VR or AR?
http://www.bimanywhere.com/
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Drones
Practical
Possible
![Page 59: Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical ... · Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical Contractor ... he leverages his international experience with](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022519/5b14caa67f8b9a54488c180c/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
www.bestppt.com© 2011 DPR Construction All Rights Reserved
![Page 60: Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical ... · Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical Contractor ... he leverages his international experience with](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022519/5b14caa67f8b9a54488c180c/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Advanced Project Planning Tools
Practical
Possible
![Page 61: Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical ... · Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical Contractor ... he leverages his international experience with](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022519/5b14caa67f8b9a54488c180c/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
BIM + CPM Schedule IntegrationBIM + CPM Schedule Integration (4D Visualization)
![Page 62: Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical ... · Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical Contractor ... he leverages his international experience with](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022519/5b14caa67f8b9a54488c180c/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
OVERALLBIMBENEFITS– DEPENDSFully Integrated 5D (Cost & Time) Planning
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The Lean Last Planner System (LPS) ®
![Page 64: Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical ... · Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical Contractor ... he leverages his international experience with](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022519/5b14caa67f8b9a54488c180c/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Advanced Design Planning Tools
http://software.adeptmanagement.org/index.htmlhttp://www.myvplanner.com/
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Prefabricated Building Components
Practical
Possible
![Page 66: Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical ... · Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical Contractor ... he leverages his international experience with](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022519/5b14caa67f8b9a54488c180c/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Single Trade Modular Prefabrication
Credit:SuperiorAirHandlingCompany
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Multi-Trade Prefabrication: www.bloxbuilt.com
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Real-time Mobile Collaboration
Practical
Possible
![Page 69: Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical ... · Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical Contractor ... he leverages his international experience with](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022519/5b14caa67f8b9a54488c180c/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
TheProcess
2DShopDrawings
ShopDrawingReview
FabricateRebar
InstallRebar
3DModel
Lean Innovation: Cloud Rebar Submittal Reviews
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Cloud Comment Responses = No Resubmittal
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DataCentric
IntegrationBringsEfficiency&Reliability
DrawingCentric
TaskCentric
BIMCentric
TimeCentric
MediaCentric
Integrated Data Requires Integrated Platforms
APIIntegrationsDatabaseStandards
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Elements of a Cooperative PartnershipFigure 11: Elements of a Cooperative Partnership61
Collaborative decision-making and control1
Third-party mediation and conciliation
Decision by adjudicator or arbitrator
Internal dispute resolution via negotiation
Conflict resolution
Premium for early project delivery
Incentives for cost optimization
Alternative cost models, such as target cost
Shared risk/reward (“pain share, gain share”)
Incentive mechanisms
Project charter with common project goals
Transparent financials (“open books”)
Co-location of teams (“big rooms”)
Common data platform (e.g. BIM)
Project culture
Choosing most efficient, not cheapest
Early involve- ment of key participants
Multi-party con-tract with clear accountabilities
Tendering and contract
Prudent manage-ment and appropri-ate allocation of risk
1 Potentially including liability waivers among participantsSource: World Economic Forum; The Boston Consulting Group
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2016 World Economic Forum Report
Practical
Possible
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Material Asset Tracking (RFID, Barcode, Bluetooth)
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Manpower / Safety Tracking of Workforce
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Discussion: Tracking “Assets” in the Field
WorkforceTracking:IsValueofSafety/ProductivityData>FearofBigBrother?Material/EquipmentTracking:WhatistheLikelihoodofPoor/MissingDataCapture?
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3D Laser Scanning
Practical
Possible
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RoboticTotalStation
Betterformodelvs.fieldcomparisonoflargeareas/entiresite
Countermeasure: Digital As-Builting
Betterforspecificpoints(endofwall,bottomofdoorthreshold,etc)
LaserScanning
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Update Virtual to Match Physical
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Confirm Late Design Changes are Coordinated
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www.bestppt.com
![Page 82: Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical ... · Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical Contractor ... he leverages his international experience with](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022519/5b14caa67f8b9a54488c180c/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
360 Photos + Immersive Navigation
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2016 World Economic Forum Report
Practical
Possible
![Page 84: Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical ... · Technology, Data Capture, and the Role of the Mechanical Contractor ... he leverages his international experience with](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022519/5b14caa67f8b9a54488c180c/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
www.bestppt.com
“A digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. A BIM is a
shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for
decisions during its life-cycle; defined as existing from earliest conception to demolition.”
National BIM Standard v1, 2007
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Use Data Throughout the Lifecycle
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Project Data Handover: Theory vs Reality
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3DModel 2DDrawings
Desig
nFabrica
tion
87
Challenge: BIM Handoffs in the Real World
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• Doesthis…..
• Equalthis?
DesignModel
FabricationModel
88
Risk: Loss of Reliable BIM for Coordination
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Bringing Back Reliability: Laser Scan + GenMEP
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3DModel 2DDrawings
Desig
ner
Detailer
90
Risk: New Process, Old Contract?
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HandoverData
DesignInput
CoordinationInput
As-BuiltInput
CustomerInput
ProjectD
ata
Assumptions&Miscommunication
ContractRiskManagement
UnreliableData
Programing Design Coordination OperationsConstruction
91
Where Does the Data get Lost?
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TOOL
SHIFTINGTHEINDUSTRYPARADIGM
PEOPLE PROCESS
BIMisjustaTool1
ThisTool isonlyasgoodasthePeople usingIt
2
ThePeople canonlybeaseffectiveastheProcess allowsthemtobe
3
The Role of BIM in Design & Construction
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www.bestppt.com
WHATHOW
WHY
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A Framework to Initiate Change
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www.bestppt.com
Ideal State
Current State
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Disruptive Innovation Requires Balance
Digital Standards
Aligned Incentives
Lean Integrations
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How Do We Bridge the Gap? Industry Level
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TheBusinessValueofBIMtoOwners
http://i2sl.org/elibrary/documents/Business_Value_of_BIM_for_Owners_SMR_(2014).pdf
What BIM Data Means to Owners
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OwnersImpactonBIMStandards
http://i2sl.org/elibrary/documents/Business_Value_of_BIM_for_Owners_SMR_(2014).pdf
The Impact on Standards Adoption
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W.I.I.F.M.What’sInItForMe?
Discussion #1: Why Go Digital At All?
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Who’s Pushing the Adoption of BIM?
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Who has the Most to Gain from Integrated BIM?
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“It’smorelikely…thatnewfirmswithnewbusinessmodelsandnewareasoffocuswillleveragethefinancialandtechnologicalinnovationsthatwillchangethenatureofcompetition”
-ClaytonChristensen,1997
“Innovationisdrivenbytechnologiesthatenabletheriseofdisruptivebusinessmodels”
-BowerandChristensen,2000
Disrupt….or be Disrupted!
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Mechanical Firms are Leading the Way!
http://www.builtworlds.com/news/2016/6/13/mechanical-contractors-urged-to-seize-disruptive-opportunities
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End Users
Return on Investment
Implementation Certainty
Easy to Integrate
Maintain Budget
Executives
Managers
Easy to Use
Save Time
There is also an Internal Battle to be Addressed
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How Do We Bridge the Gap? Company Level
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Time
Value
CurrentState
DesiredState
ROIPoten
tial
TimetoAdopt
TimetoAdopt/Fail
LostROI
70% Source:JohnKotterInternational
Adoption Starts by Managing Expectations
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Assess Align Advance
Adoption of Requires Early Input
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Time
Value
CurrentState
IdealState
30%TimetoAdopt
ROIPoten
tial
TimetoAdopt/Fail
LostROI
70% Source:JohnKotterInternational
SharedDefinitionKeyPerformance
Indicators
A3 Workshops Provide Early Input
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Homework: Produce Your Own A3 Report
lost/stolentoolsandmaterialsonjobsitesresultin$30-40kinlostrevenueeveryyear
-Paperbasedcheck-in/check-outprocess-Manualentryintodatabase-Noawarenessofcurrentlocationofasset-Noaccountability
-Establishorganizationandaccountabilityduringassetrequestandpointoftransaction-BreakEvenROIwithin12-18months
-Currentprocessisbroken-Noincentivetorecorddata-ProjectManagersareencouragingbadbehavoir
- Incentivizetransparencyoverdeception- Mobileappmustbe‘easier’thanpreviousprocess(directuserfeedback)
- Workwithtechnologypartnerstobuildproofofconceptandtestwithusers- Iteratedevelopmentuntilenduserisconfidentinnewprocess- Scaleadoptionandmeasuretheresults
- Compareadoptionmetricsandkeyperformanceindicatorsagainstbaseline
- Studyhighandlowperformanceteamstoidentifylessonslearnedandshare
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www.bestppt.com
@nathancwood@SpectrumAEC