Technological Infrastructure for Subsea Observatories Neville Hazell Alcatel Submarine Networks

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Technological Infrastructure for Subsea

Observatories

Neville Hazell

Alcatel Submarine NetworksAntoine Lecroart Alcatel-Lucent


Cable Science Observatories Solutions Technology PedigreeDry-Wet from Dry-DryArchitectureOptical Design IP and PTPPowering Ocean EngineeringConclusionQ&A


Technology Pedigree


Traditional systems are Dry-Dry – No Subsea access Proven submerged wet equipment ; - cable, repeaters, Branching Units

Being adapted to floating structures (Platforms or FPSOs) with dynamic risers

Dry-Wet evolves from Dry-Dry

Trans-oceanic or Regional connectivityTrans-oceanic or Regional connectivity

Deep water connectivityDeep water connectivity


Very different to go Dry-Wet Flexibility – subsea access required Plug & Play – standardised ports

Power needs to be treated differently Power required locally on the sea bottom Variable loads

Dry-Wet evolves from Dry-Dry

Sub sea connectivitySub sea connectivity


Architecture: Overview

What are your network requirements?? Length Availability Maintenance Number of nodes Power

Total Node

Bandwidth

Length Data Transmission Power - DC

<100 m 10/100 BaseT Electrical 12/48/400 V

< 10 km 10/100 BaseT Optical

1GE optical

< 1MBit/s electrical

12/48/400 V

<100 km

Coastal

10/100 BaseT Optical

1GE optical

9,600 Bit/s electrical

400 V, 10,000V

<1,000 km

Regional

2.5/10 Gbit/s Optical SDH

10,000 V


Architecture: Regional Overview

Gateway to local instrumentation network (or junction boxes)Sturdy Backbone

– Telco grade equipmentCable, BUs, repeaters

High Availability – 99.9 % Duplicate routes

Extendable


Architecture: Regional Overview

~ 800 km Ring configuration >> High availability from duplicate

routes 9 KW of power per node, 2 Protected GigE per node Use of Wet-mate connectors, ROV serviceable node

Spur cable

Backbone cable

JunctionBox

ShoreTerminal

ScienceInstruments

ScienceInstruments

ShoreTerminal

JunctionBox

JunctionBox

JunctionBox

ScienceInstruments

JunctionBox

ScienceInstruments

R

R

RR

RR

R

BUBU

BU

BU

Repeaters

Branching Units

Node

Node

Node

Node


Architecture: Optical transmission;- Mesh vs. ring

Ring can use DWDM Each node has a set of wavelengths Dedicated bandwidth (not shared)

Ring make powering easier to control Latching switching BU

Ring is simpler No undersea routing necessary

(Level 2 is enough)

Ring is sturdier A node may be lost without affecting

the rest of the network

Node

Node

Node Node

Pt. Alberni Station


Architecture: Power transmission Series vs. Parallel

10 KV DC transport requireddue to network size andremote extension capabilities

Parallel mode is the onlyway to have large amountsof power at each site(9 KW)

DC/DC conversion is mandatory(MV Converter)

A DC power grid!

Bra

nchi

ng U

nit

Spu

r Cab

le

Node

Node

Node Node

MV

Con

verte

r

Pt. AlberniShore Station

Bac

kbon

e C

able

Pow

er F

eed

Equ

ipm

ent


Line Design

Subsea node uses a small form factor node WDM transponder Based on Alcatel-Lucent 1696MS Compact Shelf with two

transponders(facing East and West) Transponder boards

– Maps 2 GigE intoan STM-16/OC-48

– FEC

– High Performance Optics

Ring is designed for future

extension Up to 1800 km Up to 10 nodes Some nodes could be

further upgraded to 10 Gbit/s


IP and PTP

Dual star with redundant GigE paths Alcatel-Lucent 7450 Routers

and 6850 Switches (stacked)

Network is designed totransport PTP packets withminimum delay to distributeprecision timing Tested with PTP server

and PTP client successfully ~ 10 s accuracy

Uses the latest Level 2 mechanisms such as LACP Minimizes delays and

allows fast path protection

Dat

a S

witc

hes

Dat

a S

witc

hes

Pt. AlberniShore Station

Node

Node Node

Node Gigabit Ethernet


Powering

Powering is NEPTUNE’s main departure from a telco system and requires: An optically controlled four state

power switching BU (latching) BUs and repeaters qualified

to up to 8A of line current High power (2 x 80 KW)

PFE using the AC mains


Powering: Medium Voltage Converter (MVC)

Reliable 9KW 10 KV to 400 V DC converter in each node

Parallel/Series arrangement of 48 elementary converters


Powering: Low Voltage Power System (LVPS)

Unique 400 V monitoring, control and distribution unit in each node

Integrated with the Topside Node Controller Built around a micro-controller


Ocean Engineering

COTS equipment in the node call for the use of ROV wet-mate connectors to be able to service the node down to 3500 m

Node is in two parts: Trawl Resistant Frame (TRF)

Detachable Cable

Termination Assembly (CTA)


Ocean Engineering

Node Module (NM)

Can be disconnected fromthe Science Instrumentsand the TRF for maintenance

Node module is made almostneutrally buoyant so thatit can be handled bya work class ROV

Composed of the MVC andLV/Comms pressure vessels


Coastal Observatories

10kV/400V Power systemFixed BU

Direct fibre access to Junction BoxSimplified Node

Branching Unit

Node

Junction Box


Coastal Observatories – simplified node


Conclusion

Alcatel-Lucent with its subcontractors (L-3 MariPro, Texcel, ODI, Heinzinger, Westermo, Omnitron) is developing the first large scale Regional Dry-Wet network

The Technology may be readily adapted for Coastal Observatories

The University of Washington and the University of Victoria were the first to see the potential of this concept for oceanography and interest is also high in Asia and Europe

Technological Infrastructure for Subsea Observatories Neville Hazell Alcatel Submarine Networks

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