Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic...

23
Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 200

Transcript of Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic...

Page 1: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop

La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007

Page 2: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 2Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Why Retrofit an Existing Observatory

• Change in Code Requirements

• Change in Facility Requirements

• Seismic Performance Requirements

• Earthquake Damage

Page 3: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 3Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Existing Building Seismic Performance Objectives

• Building codes are designed for Life Safety and not meant to withstand an Earthquake

• An Observatory is designed to protect the Telescope and Instruments

• What performance objectives was your Observatory designed to?

Page 4: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 4Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Seismic Retrofit Performance Objectives

• Immediate Occupancy: Minor damage and functionality remains. Damage is easily and rapidly repaired

• Damage Control: Damage is localized reducing the cost of recovery

• Observations resume within 24-hours after an Earthquake?

• One of a kind, critical equipment that has a long lead time to replace must sustain only minor damage

Page 5: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 6Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Seismic Retrofit Process

• Preliminary Study; How vulnerable is the Observatory and Support Facilities?

• Identify the structural characteristics of the building

• Site seismic hazard analysis

• Site characteristics

• Occupancy requirements

• Building seismic performance goals

• Rehabilitation method

• Prioritize retrofit to budget constraints What does it cost to do nothing?

Page 6: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 7Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Seismic Retrofit Publications: ATC-14

• Published 1987

• First attempt at creating a seismic evaluation tool

• Catalog of weak links

• Historic performance data and observations

• Analysis based on ductility of elements

Page 7: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 9Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 178

• Published 1992

• Addition of nationwide consensus methodology (NEHRP strength design)

• Development of checklists

• Consensus process as a guideline

Page 8: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 11Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Additional Performance Based Procedures

• “FEMA 74: Reducing the Risks of Nonstructural Earthquake Damage, A Practical Guide, September 1994

• “FEMA 156 and 157: Typical Costs for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings”, December 1994

• “FEMA 276: Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitations of Buildings: Example Applications”, April 1999

• “FEMA 154: Rapid Visual Screening of Buildings for Potential Seismic Hazards, July 2005

Page 9: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 12Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Nonstructural Earthquake Damage: (FEMA 74)

• Nonstructural: Everything in a building except for columns, floors, beams, etc.– Building Utility

Systems

– Architectural Components

– Furniture and Contents

Page 10: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 14Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Earthquake Damage and Upgrade Details (FEMA 74)

• Diesel Fuel Tank

Page 11: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 15Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Earthquake Damage and Upgrade Details (FEMA 74)

• HVAC Equipment

Page 12: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 16Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Earthquake Damage and Upgrade Details (FEMA 74)

• Built-in Partial Height Partition

Page 13: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 17Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Earthquake Damage and Upgrade Details (FEMA 74)

• Suspended T-Bar Ceilings

Page 14: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 18Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Earthquake Damage and Upgrade Details (FEMA 74)

• Large Computers and Access Floors

Page 15: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 19Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

• Published 2000

• Result of joint ASCE/FEMA effort

• Performance-based methodology

• Multiple performance and seismicity levels

• Expanded commentary

Page 16: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 20Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

Page 17: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 21Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

Page 18: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 22Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

Page 19: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 23Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

Page 20: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 24Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

Page 21: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 25Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

Page 22: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 26Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

Page 23: Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

Jaunuary 26, 2005 27Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop • La Serena, Chile • December 3-4 2007Sei

smic

Ret

rofi

t of

Exi

stin

g O

bse

rvat

orie

s

Conclusions

• State-of-the-practice seismic standards and procedures that are:– Founded in the latest engineering principles

– Generally applicable to all buildings

– Complete and consistent

– Written in mandatory code language

– Validated through extensive research, testing and the consensus process