Technical Design Specifications

2010

Alistair Peterson

NuGoo (Pty) Ltd

11/16/2010

GPS/WWAN Asset Tracking System GPS/WWAN Asset Tracking System GPS/WWAN Asset Tracking System GPS/WWAN Asset Tracking System ---- Patent application requirementPatent application requirementPatent application requirementPatent application requirement

Technical Design Specifications

NuGoo (Pty) Ltd - Reg. 2010/011796/07

Selbourne House (Ground Floor), Roos Street, Fourways, South Africa

P.O. Box 436, Fourways North, 2191

� www.nugoo.co.za � [email protected]

Directors: L. Nduna, A. Peterson, T. Qamarana, D. Lawrence

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................................... 2

ABOUT NUGOO (PTY) LTD .................................................................................................................................................................... 2

SYSTEM DESIGN OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................................................................. 2

PRODUCT / SYSTEM CONCEPT .................................................................................................................................................... 3

SUMMARISED FEATURES ....................................................................................................................................................................... 4

SYSTEMS’ HARDWARE DESIGN ................................................................................................................................................... 6

BACKUP BATTERY, CHARGING CIRCUIT AND MICROPROCESSOR ON BASE BOARD ............................................................................................... 7

GPS/COMMUNICATIONS DAUGHTER BOARD ............................................................................................................................................ 7

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE GSM COMMUNICATIONS AND GPS LOCATION MODULE ................................................................................. 7

SIM5218 Technical Specifications: ............................................................................................................................................. 9

ADDITIONAL MODIFICATIONS .............................................................................................................................................................. 11

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM FUNCTIONALITY ....................................................................................................................................... 11

GPS Technical data: .................................................................................................................................................................. 12

Mechanical Dimensions of the Module: ................................................................................................................................... 13

BOARD-TO-BOARD CONNECTOR: .......................................................................................................................................................... 14

Mechanical dimensions of the NAIS 70pin connector: ............................................................................................................. 14

SIM 5218 Module Images: ........................................................................................................................................................ 14

SOFTWARE DESIGN .................................................................................................................................................................. 15

CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................................................ 16

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Introduction

About NuGoo (Pty) Ltd

NuGoo (Pty) Ltd was incorporated in July 2010, combining the skillsets of two companies, New Horizons IT Solutions

(Pty) Ltd and GooZoo Reboot Investment Holdings (Pty) Ltd, each having a 50% stake in the new entity. The

management skills and financial backing of New Horizons IT Solutions (Pty) Ltd perfectly complemented the

technological know-how, Software Development and scientific proficiencies found in GooZoo Reboot Investment

Holdings (Pty) Ltd. The objectives of this new company were simple… Find solutions to the problems associated with

developing nations and make technology accessible to the masses.

System Design Objectives

Mobility has become a common feature in the world of computers. Notebook computers, mobile phones, tablets,

Personal Digital Assistants and other mobile computers are becoming cheaper and mainstream. Sales of mobile

computers equal or even exceed the sales of stationary desktop workstation Personal Computers. This has led to

economy of scale reductions in the prices of these computers making it affordable for all users, from the simple

home user, Small Office Home Office (SOHO) users, Mid to Large Corporate environments and even engineering

environments requiring high performance mobile workstation computers.

In developing nations, cellular mobile communications devices have brought the internet and global

communications to the previously ignored masses.

But, with the proliferation of these devices and the new mobile digital world, new problems have arisen. Problems

that have always existed on a smaller scale have now been exaggerated.

It has become more difficult for corporations and other owners of these mobile devices to keep track of the

locations of mobile devices, protect their investments, ascertain the condition of the devices, audit their financial

value and manage their risk.

Valuable, confidential and irreplaceable data is stored on some of these devices. Information in the wrong hands

could potentially cause great damage to the owners of these devices.

NuGoo (Pty) Ltd have developed an Asset Management System, comprised of both hardware and software

components, providing a complete solution to the abovementioned problem. The system is modular and

componentised allowing it to be customised to the requirements of the respective client and his/her environment.

The technologies associated with the individual components are not new. Some have been used extensively in other

fields and with different objectives in mind. We have refined and customized these individual components,

sometimes introducing new novel solutions to past problems. We also believe that the value of the solution may be

found not in the sum of the parts, but the interaction of these combined technologies, driven by our advanced and

intelligent software programs.

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This document describes these technical components, referencing competitive, related or existing systems and in

the process, attempts to identify the differences that we believe make our solution a unique one.

Product / System Concept The NuGoo GPS/WWAN Asset Management System is the combination of advanced electronic hardware and multi-

tier software conforming built on a solid architecture modelled using widely accepted, tried and tested software

engineering design patterns.

The hardware consists of 2 electronic circuit boards moulded together and sealed using a dust proof, rubber-like

black plastic (further details specified in hardware design section).

It combines a number of functions on a single module:

1. It has a GSM HSDPA/HSUPA+/3G/3.5G/3.75G Wireless WAN chip based on the Qualcomm 6290 chipset (thus

maintaining driver compatibility with the industry standard Gobi WWAN/GPS modules)

2. It has a GPS module which combines multiple new A-GPS methods including cell phone tower triangulation,

Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) V2 allowing us to give a location within 1 second and within an area of 1

metre squared.

3. The module has an additional microprocessor (ARM based) and a charger circuit, combined with a lithium

polymer battery.

a. The battery charges from the notebook when it’s charging. The module remains on low-power state

for up to 21 days when no power is supplied to the notebook computer.

b. Software coded onto the module allows it to upload marked sensitive data from the hard-drive onto

our server or a server designated by the client.

c. We may optionally wipe or encrypt the hard-drive remotely with a secret 256-bit pin sent remotely

to the module via GSM/Data or an SMS. It is even possible to destroy the notebook if this drastic

measure is required (optional add-on).

4. The module has multiple IO connectors which it provides to the computer as an emulated USB drive. One of

these is an SD slot.

a. An operating system may be loaded onto an SD-card. This card will be picked up as an external USB

hard drive by the PC/Notebook BIOS.

b. In this manner, we are able to load an image of Windows Embedded onto an SD card and have the

thin client boot from this OS on the SD card.

5. It has 4 audio and video processors which allow us to take photographs or stream live video of a thief after

he has stolen the device or while it is being stolen by using the built-in webcam embedded in most notebook

computers.

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Summarised Features

Functionally, the hardware module replaces any standard GSM/Wireless card that suppliers optionally ship with

notebook computers. It allows for similar and/or better performance to these existing data cards but reserves some

of the available bandwidth(±10%) provided by its GSM/Wireless function to maintain communications with either

our own datacentre (with another tier of our software running at this datacentre) or those of the clients’.

At a minimal, the system provides for:

1. Accurately determining the location (latitude/longitude) of mobile computer devices to within an area of

1m2.

2. Using various techniques the system is able to obtain an extremely fast lock on the location of the device (A-

GPS and other methods detailed below).

3. The remote, online backup of user specified data onto a server location of either the users’ choosing or onto

online storage servers hosted at our data centre.

4. Remote encryption or destruction of the user’s data from the device upon receipt of a secret encrypted key,

chosen by the true owner of the device, via a number of communication options, including an SMS, MMS,

magic data packet, etc.

5. The streaming of video and audio from the webcam optionally embedded on some mobile computers,

allowing for the audio-visual identification of the person(s) responsible for the removal of the computer.

6. Customizable events on both the server side and client side. Events are tied to actions using a Graphical User

Interface or scripting language similar to human communications (currently English, but extendable in future

versions). A user could, for example, request that a notification or any programmable custom actions be

performed whenever the device is moved outside a certain geographical area.

7. A high speed interactive server hosted web application allows for 3 dimensional mapping and monitoring of

all the assets on a live 3D map integrated with all the available online map-providers with additional features

provided by those providers. E.g. Google Earth™ view or Microsoft Bing Maps™.

8. Custom maps and 3D rendered locations are cached locally on the monitoring computer allowing for near

real-time visuals using modern hardware based acceleration techniques.

9. Custom developed module drivers’ support all known modern operating systems and are digitally signed and

qualified by all major Operating System vendors.

10. Additionally, the hardware provides for multiple I/O interfaces through an emulated USB interface. This

allows for the addition of a Secure Digital Memory Card (SD) for the storage of miscellaneous data (e.g. an

embedded bootable operating system like Embedded Linux or Microsoft™ Windows™ Embedded).

11. Numerous communication methods are available as standard, including, NMEA, an AT command interface,

SMTP, TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, SMS, MMS and more. The module is able to act as a web or file transfer server

accessible over the internet in encrypted or standard modes.

12. The server side software also includes numerous management packages which allow the client to integrate

with their existing asset / network infrastructure management software, for example, Microsoft Systems

Centre™ / Microsoft Operations Manager™.

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13. Standard, open XML based web services provided by our server software allow for further integrations with

accounting packages etc.

14. Customizable report generation services allow for additional custom reports exportable to all currently

known document formats.

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Figure 1 - Layered System Component Overview

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Systems’ Hardware Design The hardware components used in the

construction of the system are off the

standardised off the shelf components

employed in various other consumer and

industrial applications.

The advantages associated with this approach

are numerous:

1. A reduced time to market.

2. Reinventing the wheel is unproductive

and could lead to incompatibilities with

Operating Systems and standardised

computer interfaces.

3. Regulatory compliance in regards to

International Electronic Communication,

Production Certifications and other

statutory requirements are already met

by the individual components employed

in the assembly. It is thus easier to have

the finished product certified and

accepted.

4. Costs are greatly reduced.

5. Software development times are

improved as ready-made components

replicate common functions.

6. Mass production is easily outsourced.

7. The ultimate design may be modularised

and upgrades are achieved with greater

ease by replacing individual

components.

The WWAN GPS module was thus built by

joining and moulding together 2 two electronic

circuit boards.

The base board complies with the Mini PCI-

Express specification. Most notebook computers manufactured today support at least one version of this standard as

The Mini-PCI Express Standard

The PCI Express Mini Card (also known as Mini PCI Express,

Mini PCIe, and Mini PCI-E) is a replacement for the Mini

PCI form factor based on PCI Express. It is developed by

the PCI-SIG. The host device supports both PCI Express and

USB 2.0 connectivity, and each card uses whichever the

designer feels most appropriate to the task. Most laptop

computers built after 2005 are based on PCI Express and

can have several Mini Card slots.

Physical dimensions

PCI Express Mini Cards are 30×50.95 mm. There is a 52 pin

edge connector, consisting of two staggered rows on a 0.8

mm pitch. Each row has 8 contacts, a gap equivalent to 4

contacts, then a further 18 contacts. A half-length card is

also specified 30×26.8 mm. Cards have a thickness of 1.0

mm (excluding components).

Electrical interface

PCI Express Mini Card edge connector provides multiple

connections and buses:

• PCIe×1

• USB 2.0

• SMBus

• GPS

• Wires to diagnostics LEDs for wireless network

(i.e. Wi-Fi) status on computer's chassis

• SIM card for GSM and WCDMA applications

• Future extension for another PCIe lane

• 1.5 and 3.3 volt power

Figure 2 - Quoted from Wikipedia

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a method of extending the capabilities of the notebook and allow for additional 3rd

party peripheral add-ons and/or

upgrades.

Backup battery, charging circuit and Microprocessor on base board

The base-board contains a charging circuit, a lithium polymer / ion rechargeable battery, a rectifying circuit, a digital

switching circuit and a microprocessor with a minimum of flash memory for common system instructions. The

battery is attached and then seal moulded, then bonded against the circuit board using a rubber-like non-

conductive, heat absorbing plastic material.

Our charging circuit regulates the charging of the battery through the power transferred through the Mini PCI-

Express connectors. Additionally, power is regulated and switched by the digital switching circuits, preventing

feedback from the battery to the computer’s circuitry (without this, our module would be providing power back to

the computer’s circuitry which could have adverse effects on the hardware, not to mention the resultant draining of

our module’s battery!).

A microprocessor chip is mounted onto the opposite side of the base board, away from the battery. This

microprocessor is not required to perform any complex computations or handle heavy workloads. The chip is

responsible for the transmission and receipt of simple commands to and from the communications chipset. The

basic interface between the communications module and the computer system is through basic serial AT commands.

The microprocessor sends the required commands to the communications chipset when certain events occur. In

short it acts as an intermediary between the computer and the communications module. This is a necessary

requirement in the event of a system theft, whereby the thief has stripped the computer apart, removed or

tampered with the hardware. The microprocessor would make sure that the necessary emergency actions are still

carried out.

GPS/Communications Daughter Board

The communications and GPS location functions have been separated and placed onto a daughter board which

attaches directly to the base board. We are thus able to upgrade future models by simply replacing the daughter

board. Finally, two boards are moulded, bonded and sealed to prevent tampering.

Technical Description of the GSM Communications and GPS Location module

We have sourced our GSM/GPS WWAN module from Simcom, based in Shanghai, China (See sidebar). It is based on

their internationally approved SIM 5218 GPS/GSM module.

Our modifications include the moulding of the mobile operator SIM card and the addition of an SD-Memory Card

holder. The SIM 5218 already has built in support for communications to the SD-Memory cards.

The module dimensions are 58.7mm x 28.77mm x 4.3mm making it ideal for our application. It is based on a

standard Qualcomm 6290 mobile chipset. The module is primarily used as a base design by cellular phone

manufacturers. It fitted our requirements perfectly.

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Additionally it already carries numerous international

certifications and conforms to all these stringent

requirements. This also includes an ICASA certification

for South Africa.

The physical interface to the mobile application is

made through a 70 pin board-to-board connector,

which provides all hardware interfaces between the

module and our board except for the RF antenna

interface.

• Serial port and USB 2.0 (high speed) port can

be alternatively used as data port.

• USIM interface: support SIM cards: 3V & 1.8V

• Power on/off and reset signal

• Backup RTC interface.

• Six GPIOs: 1 for interrupt, 1 for flight mode, 1

for status LED, 2 for output control, 1 for

input, can also be multiplexed as a PCM

interface.

• Three audio channels include two

microphones inputs and three audio outputs.

This is easily configured by AT command.

• A camera interface.

• An I2C interface.

• An ADC interface.

• A LDO power output.

• A 4 bit SD card interface.

• A PCM interface

SIM Technology Group Limited (“SIM Technology”) is listed on

the Main Board of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 2005 (stock

code: 2000.HK). SIM Technology is an investments holding

company, its subsidiaries including Shanghai Simcom, Shanghai

Sunrise Simcom and several other companies are the leading

mobile handset and wireless communication developers in

China. Over the past few years, SIM Technology Group has led

the mobile phone design industry in revenue, profit and stock

market.

The subsidiary Shanghai Simcom is mainly focus on handset

R&D. Our world class design teams include experienced and

professional engineers who have mastered the core technology

of wireless communications and mobile handset development.

The teams turn out over 200 mobile handset solutions with

advanced features and stylish’ industrial design each year.

These mobile handset solutions are used by both leading

domestic mobile handset and well-known multinational

handset manufacturers. We are able to design and develop

multi-platform mobile communications terminal solutions

ranging from 2.5G, 3G to 3.5G .giving it leadership in the area in

the domestic market. Shanghai Simcom was awarded as the

“Key Software Enterprises in state-level” and “High-tech

Enterprises in Shanghai” for consecutive 5 years.

Shanghai Sunrise is the group manufacture base, engages in the

development and manufacturing of LCD modules for mobile

terminals. The company has dozens of production lines and a

complete capacity in the steps before and after manufacturing

of handset assembly.

Simcom Wireless Solutions is another subsidiary of the Group.

This subsidiary supplies 2.5G, 3G, 3.5G technology-based

wireless communication modules and related application

solutions. Simcom Wireless Solutions is ranked the number 3

based on worldwide shipment based on the ABI recent research

report.

In March 2008, SIM Technology Group was awarded as “Top 50

global emerging-market enterprises” by Boston which is the

world’s leading consulting firm, as one of the 15 Chinese

selected enterprises, SIM Technology Group is considered as

the outstanding representative of the national enterprises takes

the lead in the local market through its innovative business

mode and leading technology.

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SIM5218 Technical Specifications:

General:

• Tri-Band UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPA 2100 1900 850 MHz

• Quad-Band GSM/GPRS/EDGE, 850/900/1800/1900 MHz

• HSDPA 7.2Mbps

• HSUPA 5.76Mbps

• A-GPS Positioning

• USB 2.0 High speed or UART support

• Integrated TCP/UDP/IP protocol stack

• Video calling with Camera interface

• Embedded SIM card (option)

• WCDMA Diversity

• WCDMA Equalizer

• GPRS multi-slot class 12

• EDGE multi-slot Class 12

• UMTS/HSDPA 3GPP release 5

• UMTS/HSUPA 3GPP release 6

• GSM 3GPP release 99

• Control Via AT Commands

• Supply voltage range: 3.4V~ 4.2V

Temperature range:

• Normal operation: -15℃to +55℃

• Restricted operation: -20℃to +70℃

• Storage temperature: -40℃to +85℃

Output power:

• UMTS 2100/1900/850: 0.25W

• GSM850/GSM900: 2W

• DCS1800/PCS1900: 1W

GPS specification:

• A-GPS mode: MS-Based, Ms-Assisted.

Data transfer specifications:

• HSDPA: Max. 7.2Mbps (DL) UE Category: 4, 6, 8, 12

• HSUPA: Max. 5.76Mbps (UL) HSUPA + HSDPA Max. 2.0Mbps (UL) + 3.6Mbps (DL)

• WCDMA: Max. 384Kbps (DL), Max.384 Kbps (UL)

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• EDGE Class: Max. 236.8Kbps (DL), Max.118 Kbps (UL)

• GPRS 85.6Kbps (DL), Max. 42.8Kbps (UL)

• CSD: GSM Data rate 14.4 Kbps

• WCDMA date rate: 57.6 Kbps

SMS Specifications:

• Point to point MO and MT

• Text and PDU mode

Voice Specifications:

• Voice Codec HR, FR, EFR

• AMR

• DTMF

Video Call Specifications:

• DTMF on H245

• Support for standard WCDMA 64 kbps (CS)

Video calling

CSD Specifications:

• Support in GSM and WCDMA

Input / Output Interfaces:

• Embedded SIM card (option)

• USB2.0

• UART

• SIM card

• Audio: 2 Microphone

• 3 speaker

• Video(Camera)

• GPIO

• I2C

• Min-SD card

• WCDMA

Physical Dimensions:

• 58 × 26 × 4.5 mm

Figure 3 - The SIM 5218 Communications and GPS module

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Additional Modifications

The SIM5218A provides an RF antenna interface with two alternatives; either an antenna connector or an antenna

pad. An antenna can be soldered onto the antenna pad. Our approach in ensuring a constant, strong data

transmission and GPS lock was to make use of the metallic re-enforcement structure of the notebook computer as

an antenna system. This transmission area includes the LCD display area which is normally held at an angle.

Figure 4 - Antenna Connectors

Global Positioning System Functionality

The SIM5218 supports both A-GPS and S-GPS and provides three operating modes:

• Mobile-assisted mode

• Mobile-based mode; and

• Standalone mode.

A-GPS includes mobile-assisted and mobile-based mode.

In mobile-assisted mode, when a request for position location is issued, available network information is provided to

the location server (e.g., Cell-ID) and assistance is requested from the location server. The location server sends the

assistance information to the handset. The handset/mobile unit measures the GPS observables and provides the GPS

measurements along with available network data (that is appropriate for the given air interface technology) to the

location server. The location server then calculates the position location and returns results to the requesting entity.

In mobile-based mode, the assistant data provided by the location server encompasses not only the information

required to assist the handset in measuring the satellite signals, but also the information required to calculate the

handset’s position. Therefore, rather than provide the GPS measurements and available network data back to the

location server, the mobile calculates the location on the handset and passes the result to the requesting entity.

In standalone (autonomous) mode, the handset demodulates the data directly from the GPS satellites. This mode

has some reduced cold-start sensitivity, and a longer time to first fix as compared to the assisted modes. However, it

requires no server interaction and works out of network coverage.

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This combination of GPS measurements and available network information provides:

• High-sensitivity solution that works in all terrains: indoor, outdoor, urban, and rural

• High availability that is enabled by using both satellite and network information

Therefore, while network solutions typically perform poorly in rural areas and areas of poor cell geometry/density,

and while unassisted, GPS-only solutions typically perform poorly indoors.

The SIM5218 GPS solution provides optimal time to fix, accuracy, sensitivity, availability, and reduced network

utilization in both of these environments, depending on the given condition.

The SIM5218 GPS solution in assisted modes provides cold-start GPS sensitivity that is an approximately 20 to 30 dB

improvement over unassisted, conventional GPS receivers.

Compared to network solutions that require equipment at each cell site, the SIM5218 GPS solution integrates a

complete GPS receiver in every module. This means that each handset is capable of positioning location without

requiring expensive cell site equipment. This solution not only can be used to help operators address the FCC E911

mandate in the United States (and mandates planned for other countries), but also provides a ubiquitous platform

for location-based applications.

GPS Technical data:

• Tracking sensitivity -156 dBm

• Acquisition sensitivity -145 dBm

• Accuracy <1.5m (CEP50)

• TTFF (Open Sky) Hot start <1s

• Cold start <40s

• Receiver Type 12-channel, GPS L1 Frequency (1575.42MHz), C/A Code

• Update rate Default 1 Hz

• GPS data format NMEA-0183

• Power consumption 80mA (Total supply current at VBAT pin)

• GPS antenna Passive and active antenna

• Active antenna voltage 2.7V

Note: Performance will vary depending on the environment, antenna type and signal conditions and so on.

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Mechanical Dimensions of the Module:

Below is a view from the top, side and bottom of the module. These show the mechanical proportions of the

SIM5218.

Figure 5 - Physical dimensions

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Board-to-board connector:

We adopted a standard NAIS AXK770247G as the board to board connector for our PCB to connect with the

SIM5218. These high density SMT connectors are designed for parallel PCB-to-PCB applications.

The height of AXK770247G is 2.0mm.

Mechanical dimensions of the NAIS 70pin connector:

Figure 6 - Side view of the board to board connector

SIM 5218 Module Images:

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Software Design Our software is the enabler for the entire solution. Software drives the hardware components. Software lends

intelligence to the product and makes it all possible.

GooZoo Reboot Investment Holdings (Pty) Ltd is a recognised worldwide leader in large scale enterprise software

design and development. For this product, we wanted to complete our masterpiece. One of our goals was to create

software of such exceptional quality in all aspects, that international case studies would be performed by other

companies.

We believe we have achieved this objective…

The scope and scale of the development efforts are not to be miscalculated.

The system does not depend on just one such software program but many different programs which all need to fit

together perfectly in order to make the system work.

Our design requirements prioritized a number of qualities:

1. Scalability

2. Robustness

3. Redundancy

4. Extreme Performance

5. Conformance to open communications standards allowing for easy integration to other systems

6. Extendibility

We thus embarked on this project by firstly identifying the different software components and scoping these

individuality. Different components were required to run on different platforms and on top of different layers and

thus each required different skillsets and specialities.

These programs can thus be described as:

1. The low level assembly and C-Language software to be processed by our microprocessor, contained on the

base board assembly.

2. Device drivers for all possible computer operating systems were developed. These include Microsoft

Windows (all versions, both 32 and 64 bit editions), Microsoft Windows Embedded, Linux (all flavours

including the embedded versions), Apple Mac OS-X, Windows Mobile, Android, Apple iOS, BlackBerry and

Symbian.

3. The client systems management software (client side version running on the computers being managed),

which would interface with the system BIOS and Operating System. The software regularly compresses user

data and synchronizes selected user data on-line. This is performed in the background as not to interfere

with the normal operations of the computer. The software also provides a graphical interface allowing the

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users to customize the operations of the system to their requirements. Events and their actions can be

customized and individualised.

4. The data centre software is further divided into multiple tiers, each responsible for their own functions. This

separation of functions into separate layers allows the system to be distributed amongst more server

computers and thus scale upwards and outwards to match the load placed on the system. Some of these

functions are:

a. Open standards based web service which allows for the hardware modules to interact with the data

centre, sending messages up or down as required.

b. A Web application with cached copies of map data from numerous map providers, allowing users to

monitor their assets using a web browser. In addition to an AJAX interface on the web application,

interactive systems such as Silverlight and HTML 5 allow for a responsive almost real-time

interaction with the system.

c. A cloud consuming storage synchronization system allows for the user’s data to be synchronized

with an on-line copy at all times.

Conclusion

Technical Design Specifications

Documents

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