East Middle School 2010-2011 By Team 8-1 (Insert Picture of Yourself)
Team Work What is a team? Building Effective Teams Managing yourself Team obligations Common Team...
Transcript of Team Work What is a team? Building Effective Teams Managing yourself Team obligations Common Team...
Team Work
What is a team? Building Effective Teams Managing yourself Team obligations Common Team problems Risk Management Meeting techniquescs3141, Fall 2013 Team Work 1
What is a Team
A team consists of1. At least two people, who2. Are working toward a common
goal/objective/mission, where3. Each person has been assigned
specific roles or functions to perform, and where
4. Completion of the mission requires some form of dependency among the group members
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Team Work
Difference from Individual Work 50% or more Interaction with other people
30% Individual work 20% Non-productive activities
Jelled team Productivity is higher than the sum of individual.
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Team Composition Managed Team
Appointed manager (total authority and total responsibility), the manager not necessarily functional member of the team. This type of team is typical for large project or product with many team members.
Chief Programmer Team An authority evolves from within the team, not appointed.
Democratic Team No leader - equal responsibility Difficult to be effective.
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Team Member Roles
Project manager Development manager Planning manager Quality manager Support manager
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Team Formation
Forming - get to know each other Storming - Struggle to understand each others ideas and ways of thinking
Norming - The project patterns and approaches are agreed upon
Performing - The realization of the project
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Building Effective Teams Team cohesion
The tight knitting of the team members into a unified working group that physically and emotionally acts as a unit
Challenging Goals Specific, measurable Tracked and the progress visibly displayed
Feedback See the progress toward team’s goal Distinguish personal performance from the whole
team Common Working Framework
The path to achieve the goals must be clear Team members understand their roles and
responsibilities and how to accomplish What tasks? When? In what order? By whom?
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The Jelled Team Peopleware by Demarco and Lister
A jelled team is a group of people so strongly knit that the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. The production of such a team is greater than that of the same people working in unjelled form. Just as important, the enjoyment that people derive from their work is greater than what you’d expect give the nature of the work itself.
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Managing Yourself Being responsible
Acting Responsibly A Failing project story
Not giving up another story
Facing facts Back to the failing project story
Stating the facts A story of a lighthouse Facts are often debatable
The Risks of Being Responsible
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Managing Yourself Striving for Defined Goals
Focusing on the schedule? A story about getting funded, but with wrong product at the end.
Goals provide focus for the efforts and establish priorities
What do you want me to do? Implicit goals
ex: quality Clear goals
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Managing Yourself Living by Sound Principles
Your opinion of yourself Who are you? You are unique with special talents and abilities.
Respect yourself and be objective - Focus on the job itself, not what other people will think about you
Your opinion of Others Respect others is critical. The story of Dick’s case
Your commitment to Excellence It requires conviction, perseverance Resist the temptation to take shortcuts, rush through a design, nor record a defect, …
Make what you do now something to be proud ofcs3141, Fall 2013 Team Work 11
Teamwork Obligations
Communication among team members
Making and meeting commitments
Participation in the Team’s Activities
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Team Communication Communication is essential to success
There cannot be a successful team without effective communication
Listening The best communicators are great listeners. Five levels of listening
Ignoring Pretending Selective Attentive listening ( focus on the words being said) Empathic listening ( with the intent to understand)
Be an active listener, make sure speaker knows that you are listening
“ oh what you mean is … “ “ In other words, you think that …”
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Team Communication Talking
Express your ideas as clearly as possible·
Other team members will not know your ideas unless they are clearly expressed
Ask for feedback from your ideas What other people understand from your words is not always what you mean
Negotiating Adopt Win-win strategy When problems arise, if solution is not reached by discussion, establish the problem and gathering more information may help
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Making and meeting commitments Responsible commitments
Team member should make responsible commitments and strive to meet them
Members must trust one another to do what they say
Commitment is an ethic that must be learned Making commitments
Commitment must be freely assumed The commitment is public To make responsible commitment, you must prepare
Define and estimate the work and conclude you can do it.
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Participation in the Team’s Activities Do not caving in too quickly
Ask questions, have them explain to you Supporting the holdout Getting Attention
Story about airplane crash and the warning of the co-pilot
Paying attention don’t be so self-sufficient
When you are in trouble, ask for and accept help
When someone is offering help, pay attention
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Common Team Problems Poor project management, ineffective leader
Failure to compromise or cooperate Lack of participation Procrastination and Lack of Confidence
Poor quality work Function creep Ineffective peer evaluation Under resource estimation Technical challengingcs3141, Fall 2013 Team Work 17
Conflict Among Team Members Conflict is indicative of introduction of variety of ideas
Conflict management is essential to the success
Different 'approaches' to conflict management Negotiating Compromising Forcing Avoiding Organized confronting
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Risk Management – Plan for uncertainty and loss One might encounter portions that are difficult to implement
support system failure that causes delays Product might be so defective that testing takes too long
Team might loose control over the product or product changes and spent time on constructing programs that have already been developed
Your team might not be able to work together effectively
Individuals might run into personal problems which reduced productivity
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Setting Goals
Write down your goals Specify how to measure these goals
If not obvious explain why these goals
Distribute goals
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Basic Team Goals Team goal 1: Produce a quality product
Measure 1.1 Percent of defects found before the first compile: 80%
Measure 1.2 Number of defects found in system testing: 3
Measure 1.3 Requirements functions included at project completion: 100%
Team goal 2: Run a productive and well-managed project
Measure 2.1 Error in estimated development hours: > 20%
Measure 2.2 Percent of data recorded and entered in project notebook: 100%
Team goal 3: Finish on time Measure 3.1 Days early or late in completing the
development cycle: < 4cs3141, Fall 2013 Team Work 21
Team Member Goals Goal: Plan and track all my personal work Goal: Produce quality products
Measure: defect density found during compile: < 10/kloc
Measure: defect found during unit testing: < 5/kloc Goal: fully use the team members’ skills and abilities
Goal: Accurately report team status every week Goal: The team has suitable tools and methods to support its work
Goal: Perform effectively as the team’s meeting facilitator
Goal: Resolve all the issues team members bring to you
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How to avoid procrastination?
Plan your schedule Keep track of your schedule Record actual time Compare and evaluate for accuracy
Use the time-log forms
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Meeting Techniques Scheduling
As early as possible Regular times Make sure everyone can make the meetings Start meeting when everyone is there Meeting time and place have to be sufficient How far into the project should the team meets Don't spend too much time meeting
Preparation Agenda Distribute agenda to provoke thought
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Meeting Techniques Procedures
Complete (or table) each agenda item before going to next
Start discussions with a presentation of currently known facts
Comments and criticism should be actively solicited from all team members (invite some controversy)
Presenting differing idea should be encouraged Differing ideas should be openly discussed. The differences must be understood and advantages and disadvantages of each must be pointed out
Each person must leave the meeting with something specific to do before the next meeting, that is action item
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