Practical guide for debris flow and hillslope debris flow ...
T HERSCHEL DEBRIS AND JCMT SONS SURVEYS · DEBRIS & SONS SAMPLES 2 DEBRIS 446 stars SONS 115 stars...
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THE HERSCHEL DEBRIS AND JCMT SONS SURVEYS Brenda Matthews Herzberg Astronomy & Astrophysics, NRC Canada University of Victoria
Transcript of T HERSCHEL DEBRIS AND JCMT SONS SURVEYS · DEBRIS & SONS SAMPLES 2 DEBRIS 446 stars SONS 115 stars...
THE HERSCHEL DEBRIS AND JCMT SONS SURVEYS Brenda Matthews Herzberg Astronomy & Astrophysics, NRC Canada University of Victoria
DEBRIS & SONS SAMPLES
2
DEBRIS 446 stars SONS
115 stars 25
Spitzer IRS Surveys
Spitzer MIPS Surveys 375
150
UNS Unbiased Nearby
Stars Sample 629 stars
(Phillips et al. 2011)
DUNES 235 stars
204
DETECTION RATES
¢ For A through K stars, raw detection rates and a corrected incidence (or upper limit for A stars) has been established
¢ A,F stars and G,K stars have comparable incidence rates at 100 um 3
Sp. Type # stars
# disks Detection rate Completeness adjusted incidence
A 86 21 (44) 24 (+/- 5) % 51 % (upper limit)
F 94 25 27 (+/- ~5) % 40 (+/- ~6) %
G 88 13 15 (+/- ~4.5) % 23 (+/- ~5) %
K 91 11 12 (+/- ~4) % 17 (+/- ~5) %
Total (FGK) 273 49 18 (+/- 2.5) % 25 (+/- ~3) %
A stars: Thureau+2014 FGK stars: Sibthorpe+2016, in preparation
Comparable to 20% rate measured by DUNES (Eiroa+2013)
LDISK V. RADIUS IN THE FGK SAMPLE
4
0.00
0.07
0.14
0.21
0.28
0.35
0.42
Dis
c in
cide
nce
/ log
(uni
t fra
ctio
nal l
umin
osity
) / lo
g(AU
)
1 10 100 1000Blackbody radius / AU
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
Frac
tiona
l lum
inos
ity
(c)
100 101 102 103
Blackbody radius / AU
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2Fr
actio
nal l
umin
osity
(a)
HD 48682
HD 10647
HD 207129HIP 1368
HD 69830
HD 79210
HD 69830
HD 166HD 79210
Detected disc Detected disc
0.00
0.07
0.14
0.21
0.28
0.35
0.42
Dis
c in
cide
nce
/ log
(uni
t fra
ctio
nal l
umin
osity
) / lo
g(AU
)
1 10 100 1000Blackbody radius / AU
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
Frac
tiona
l lum
inos
ity
(b)
¡ 4/5 brightest disks are > 200 Myr
¡ 1/5 is a planet host
¡ 2 small disks
¡ 1 not detected by Herschel
Sibthorpe+2016, in prep
Survey has no sensitivity here.
INCIDENCE AND COMPLETENESS
5
0.00
0.07
0.14
0.21
0.28
0.35
0.42
Dis
c in
cide
nce
/ log
(uni
t fra
ctio
nal l
umin
osity
) / lo
g(AU
)
1 10 100 1000Blackbody radius / AU
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
Frac
tiona
l lum
inos
ity
(c)
100 101 102 103
Blackbody radius / AU
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
Frac
tiona
l lum
inos
ity
(a)
HD 48682
HD 10647
HD 207129HIP 1368
HD 69830
HD 79210
HD 69830
HD 166HD 79210
Detected disc Detected disc
0.00
0.07
0.14
0.21
0.28
0.35
0.42
Dis
c in
cide
nce
/ log
(uni
t fra
ctio
nal l
umin
osity
) / lo
g(AU
)1 10 100 1000
Blackbody radius / AU
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
Frac
tiona
l lum
inos
ity
(b)
0.00
0.07
0.14
0.21
0.28
0.35
0.42
Dis
c in
cide
nce
/ log
(uni
t fra
ctio
nal l
umin
osity
) / lo
g(AU
)
1 10 100 1000Blackbody radius / AU
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
Frac
tiona
l lum
inos
ity
(c)
100 101 102 103
Blackbody radius / AU
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
Frac
tiona
l lum
inos
ity
(a)
HD 48682
HD 10647
HD 207129HIP 1368
HD 69830
HD 79210
HD 69830
HD 166HD 79210
Detected disc Detected disc
0.00
0.07
0.14
0.21
0.28
0.35
0.42
Dis
c in
cide
nce
/ log
(uni
t fra
ctio
nal l
umin
osity
) / lo
g(AU
)
1 10 100 1000Blackbody radius / AU
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
Frac
tiona
l lum
inos
ity
(b)
¢ Incidence from MC modeling of the detected disks and their 1 sigma uncertainties
¢ Incidence map corrected for completeness, shown starting at 10% completeness contour
DETECTION RATES
¢ For A through K stars, raw detection rates and a corrected incidence (or upper limit for A stars) has been established
¢ A,F stars and G,K stars have comparable incidence rates at 100 um 6
Sp. Type # stars
# disks Detection rate Completeness adjusted incidence
A 86 21 (44) 24 (+/- 5) % 51 % (upper limit)
F 94 25 27 (+/- ~5) % 40 (+/- ~6) %
G 88 13 15 (+/- ~4.5) % 23 (+/- ~5) %
K 91 11 12 (+/- ~4) % 17 (+/- ~5) %
Total (FGK) 273 49 18 (+/- 2.5) % 25 (+/- ~3) %
A stars: Thureau+2014 FGK stars: Sibthorpe+2016, in prep
SONS: DETECTIONS BY SP. TYPE
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¡ 115 disk-host targets ¡ 270 hours + extra! ¡ 100 targets observed ¡ 46 disks detected ¡ 8 also detected at 450 um
¡ Require 3sigma for 850 um detection
Holland+2016, in prep
HD 76582
¢ Two-component disk for cold outer disk + unresolved
modified BB warm disk fit ¢ SCUBA-2 data constrain λ0, the dust emissivityβand the
dust mass in millimetre grains 8
Marshall+2016
100 μm
850 μm
2 Gyr F0 IV 46 pc
MASS AS A FUNCTION OF AGE
9
Wyatt 2008; Panic+ 2013; Wyatt+2015
DECLINE IN MASS OVER TIME
10
Holland+2016, in prep
MUTUAL INCLINATIONS
¢ Greaves+2014: 11 Herschel resolved disk systems share a stellar inclination within 10 deg
¢ 4 with planets are also aligned with their orbital planes
¢ These findings are consistent with those of Watson+2011
Can
ada Day!
Origin
s of Solar S
ystems
HD 82943 Fomalhaut
HR 8799
Mayor+2004 Kennedy+2013 Tan+2013
Le Bouquin+2009 Kalas+2004,2008
Su+2009 Reidemeister+2009 Marois+2008,2010 Matthews+ 2014
Smith+Terrile 1984 Lagrange+2010
¢ 97 RV planet hosts, 29 debris
Suggests low-mass planets can scatter, but do not eject, planetesimals (Payne et al. 2009)
• 37 planet hosts, 11 debris
• Stars with only low-mass planets are more likely to harbour debris disks than stars with Jovian planets
DEBRIS AROUND PLANET HOSTS
DEBRIS + DUNES Marshall et al. 2014
SKARPS (Search 4 KBs Around RV-detected planet hosts): Bryden et al. in prep
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000Mass of Most Massive Exoplanet [MJup]
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
Frac
tiona
l Lum
inos
ity
6/11 ~50% 5/26 ~ 20%
BUT WAIT! Moro-Martín et al. (2015) find no statistical correlation between debris and planets, for DEBRIS + DUNES full sample. Still some work to do…
6/12 ~ 50%
23/85 ~ 27% BUT WAIT! There may be more exoplanets to be discovered in this sample.
DISK PROPERTIES: BINARITY
¢ Of the 446 debris target systems � 188 multiple systems (42%)
¢ More could exist � Lick search (5 new companions)
Single stars: 21% have disks Multiples: 11% have disks Properties of the disks do not seem markedly different
Rodriguez+2015
DUST IN BINARIES
14 ¢ Disks do not avoid radii comparable to the stellar
separation, though R can be uncertain except in resolved systems
Rodriguez+2015
IN SUMMARY
¢ DEBRIS rates of incidence reach levels of 40% (A/F stars) and 20% (G/K) stars
¢ SONS survey finds a significant new number of disks, detected and resolved at 850 um
¢ Where stellar and disk inclinations are measured, disks appear aligned with their host stars at large ages (and with planets too)
¢ Suggestion of correlation of low-mass planets with disks and corroboration of lack of disks in systems with high-mass planets
¢ Dust mass in disks is another indicator of the “transition disk” phase, but it extends further than 5 Myr
¢ Single stars are associated with debris dust at a rate ~2x that of multiple stars 15
DEBRIS DISKS ARE CHALLENGING WITH ALMA
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Tau Ceti: ACA only (see Macgregor+ coming soon)
