Systems Check. Milton Garces and Claus Hetzer Infrasound Laboratory, University of Hawaii, Manoa...
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![Page 1: Systems Check. Milton Garces and Claus Hetzer Infrasound Laboratory, University of Hawaii, Manoa PMCC analyses of signals from the North American and.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bf891a28abf838c8a2bc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Systems Check
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Milton Garces and Claus HetzerInfrasound Laboratory, University of Hawaii, Manoa
PMCC analyses of signals from the North American and Pacific Infrasound Network
2003 Infrasound Technology Workshop, San Diego, California
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Outline• Apply Progressive Multiple Channel Correlation (PMCC)
detector to various events and array geometries
• Bolides, microbaroms, aircraft, surf, volcanoes, and Columbia reentry for small aperture and large aperture arrays
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PMCC: Consistency
• Define consistency threshold
• Can also define correlation filter
• Select different frequency bands
• Provides detailed frequency information
• Can add F-stat for further screening
Consistency is based on closure relationship for plane waves arriving on elements i,j,k:
tij+tjk+tki = 0
April 23, 2001
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Automatic processing at IS59: OperationsPMCC Parameter HF Microbarom High-Speed VLF
Window Length 30 sec 90 sec 30 sec 300 sec
Window Overlap 5 sec 20 sec 5 sec 50 sec
Max Consistency 0.2 sec 0.5 sec 0.2 sec 5 sec
Passband 0.5-4.0 Hz 0.1-0.5 Hz 0.5-4.0 Hz 0.033-0.1 Hz
Trace Velocity 0.3-0.45 km/s 0.3-0.45 km/s 0.5-0.8 km/s 0.25-0.45 sec
Min # of Sensors 3 3 3 3
Max Interpixel Time Variation
2 x Window Overlap
2 x Window Overlap
2 x Window Overlap
2 x Window Overlap
Max Interpixel Frequency Variation
0.8 Hz 0.1 Hz 0.8 Hz 0.02
Max Interpixel Azimuth Variation
10 10 10 10
Max Interpixel Velocity Variation
10% 10% 10% 10%
ISLA Parameter
Correlation 0.6 0.7 N/A N/A
Family Size 14 N/A N/A N/A
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Automatic processing at IS59Microbaroms
• 14415 arrivals, Jan 1-Oct 24
• Max consistency for im (0.1-0.5 Hz): 0.5 s
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Microbaroms: blocking by topography
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Portable Stations• Airport and coastline (19.7421 N, 156.05221 W)
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Portable Station: Keahole Point• Airport and coastline
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Surf• High Surf: Arrivals
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Surf• High Surf: Arrivals
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Surf• High Surf: Acoustic amplitude
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Surf
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Volcano infrasound
Sound timbre is determined by gas and/or lava composition, temperature, and speed, as well as by structure of conduit
Cookie Monster, Hawaii
Kuju, Japan
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Volcano infrasound
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Volcano infrasound
• Kilauea volcano: discovered continuous infrasonic vibration
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Detector response to different array sites and configurations
• Columbia reentry STS-107
• Looked at 30s and 5s windows
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STS-107 at NVIAR
• N-wave and later arrivals corresponding to approach
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STS-107 at TXIAR
• No N-wave, multiple pulses from multipathing
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STS-107 at SGAR
• Backazimuth points south of trajectory: February 1, 2003
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Shuttle reentries with orbital declination of 39o
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STS-78 at SGAR• N-wave, approach, and departure
• July 7, 1996 – Summer!
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Concluding Remarks• PMCC detector can be optimized to find particular signal features
• Detector handles well different array geometries
• Yearly microbarom detections highlight shadow zones from topography and possible phase inconsistencies between Chaparral sensors
• Portable stations permit better source location and characterization
• STS-107 Columbia reentry over Western US detected by most of the N American Infrasound Network
• Tuned detector to search for relatively brief coherent bursts corresponding to the approach trajectory
• Infrasound from STS-107 does not appear to be much different from other Shuttle reentries with a similar orbital inclination
• Infrasonic studies are consistent with NASA’s interpretation