SYSTEM RESTORATION PLAN

SYSTEM

RESTORATION PLAN

AORC-CIGRE Technical Meeting

2nd-4th May 2012

AORC-CIGRE Technical Meeting 2nd-4th May 2012

SYSTEM RESTORATION PLAN

1. Introduction

2. System Restoration Plan

2. Operating Procedure

3. Example of Manjung Island Restoration Plan

4. Initiatives to Prevent System Collapse

INTRODUCTION


INTRODUCTION


INTRODUCTION

• When the system frequency drops to 49.3Hz, the first

stage of Underfrequency Load Shedding (UFLS) is

initiated.

• When all the 13 UFLS stages (49.3Hz till 48.1Hz) have

been exhausted and the system frequency is still falling,

• And if any other manual load shedding actions taken are

unable to arrest frequency decay - SYSTEM COLLAPSE is inevitable.


INTRODUCTION

• When the system has collapsed, the operators need to take

steps to restore back the system from BLACKOUT

condition.

• To facilitate this end- A System Restoration Plan is

needed.

• With such a plan the operators and all other parties

involved can restore back the system systematically.

• The parties include the TNB and IPPs.

MAJOR GENERATING STATIONS IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

6

TNB - EGAT HVDC Interconnection

TNB - SINGAPORE Interconnection

Kuah

Melaka

Seremban

Georgetown

Kota Bharu

Kuala Terengganu

Ipoh

Kuantan

Shah Alam

Alor Setar

Kangar

JOHOR

PAHANG

MELAKA

NEGERI SEMBILAN

SELANGOR

PERAK

KEDAH

PULAU PINANG

KELANTAN

TERENGGANU

PERLIS

WILAYAH PERSEKUTUAN

LANGKAWI

MELAKA

BERSIA

KENERING

TEMENGOR

KENYIR

SG PIAH UPPER

SG PIAH LOWER

JOR

WOH

ODAK

CHENDEROH

PERGAU

MAIN GRID IN

PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

N

Legend

Hydro Power Station

Thermal Power Station

State Capital

Existing Planned

500kV Overhead Line

275kV Overhead Line

275kV Cable

Johor Bahru

PRAI

GELUGOR

SEGARI

CONNAUGHT

BRIDGE

SERDANG

KAPAR

POWERTEK

PD

POWER

GENTING

SANYEN

PORT

DICKSON

YTL

PASIR

GUDANG

PAKA

YTL

Ayer Tawar

Batu Gajah Papan

Kuala Kangsar

Bukit Tambun Junjung

Bukit Tengah

Gurun

Bedong

Kota Setar

Chuping

Bukit Tarek

KL (N) KL (E)

Hicom G

KL (S)

Salak Tinggi

Melaka

Kg Awah

Scudai

Telok Kalong

Tanah Merah

JANAMANJUNG

Major TNB Substation

YAN

Yong Peng (N)

Bukit Batu

Sedili

Lenggeng

Yong Peng (E)

300kV HVDC Line

Gurun

Bkt Keteri

Chuping

Kangar

Telok

Apau

Kuala

Perlis

Kota Setar

Kulim

Telok

Ewa

Sadao

Pattani

Songkhla

Khlong

Ngae

Bedong

PERLIS Yala 2

Hat Yai 2

Satun

Yala 1

KEDAH

Plentong Substation

Kg Senibong

230kV, 2 x 500MVA Cables

Senoko Power Station

SINGAPORE

JOHOR

Hat Yai 1

Existing HVDC / HVAC

Interconnections in Malaysia

TNB-EGAT HVDC

INTERCONNECTION

TNB- SINGAPORE

INTERCONNECTION

7

SYSTEM HIGHLIGHTS

Installed

Capacity

21,817 MW

Maximum Demand

(As per April 2012)

15,476 MW

SYSTEM

RESTORATION PLAN




• The strategy for speedy restoration is to divide the network

into 7 electrical sub-systems or “Electrical Islands” .

• Islands are powered up “independently” and “in parallel” to

hasten restoration time.

• Failure to start-up or stabilise a single Island will not

jeopardise the overall restoration process.

• Obtain supply source from neighbour utilities/island if

possible.

• Combine / parallel islands until Main Grid reestablished.



The 7 ‘Electrical Islands’:

1. Prai Island

2. Manjung Island

3. Port Klang Island

4. Serdang Island

5. Tuanku Jaafar Island

6. Pasir Gudang Island

7. Paka Island

INTRODUCTION


OPERATING

PROCEDURE


OPERATING PROCEDURE

• Immediately after a system collapse, the Control Manager at

NLDC will be busy assessing the state of the system.

• Power stations will be executing emergency procedures to

ensure the safe shutdown of generating units and maintain

station auxiliary supply.

• Defined areas of control and operation is necessary to allow

delegation of authority and responsibilities without affecting

safe operations of the system equipment.


OPERATING PROCEDURE

• Preferably to energise 132KV line.

• All open strategy (Transmission & Distribution)

• Black Start Generator energise dead bus.

• Stabilisation of generators by small incremental loads.

• The generators will then be synchronised to other stable generators through Transmission grid in their island.

• Finally when the islands are stable they will be reconnected back to each other and eventually form back the grid system.


OPERATING PROCEDURE

PRAI

island

MANJUNG

island

PAKA

island PKLG

island

SRDG

island

TJPS

island

PGPS

island PGL

HVAC

EGAT

HVAC/HVDC


OPERATING PROCEDURE

Crisis Communication Flowchart:


OPERATING PROCEDURE

Operation Rooms Activation:

Monitor TNB Restoration Operation National

Operation Room

VVIP Room

Strategic

Operation Room

Media Room

TNB higher management strategies plan

after national blackout

Briefing & press statement

Briefing to ministers, board of directors etc

INTRODUCTION


EXAMPLE OF

MANJUNG ISLAND

RESTORATION PLAN


OPERATING PROCEDURE

1. Island peak load: 911 MW

2. Trough load: 598 MW

3. Critical Substations

• 500kV Air Tawar & Janamanjung

• 275kV Papan, Kuala Kangsar, Bukit Tengah & Segari

4. Power Stations Generation Capacity:

• Janamanjung Power Station: 2,100MW

• Segari Power Station: 1,350MW

• GB3 Power Station: 655MW

• Cameron Highlands Power Station: 250MW

INTRODUCTION


SCENARIO 1:

CAMERON HIGHLANDS

POWER STATION SETS

AVAILABLE FIRST

1

2

3

4 5

6

7

INTRODUCTION


SCENARIO 2:

SEGARI POWER STATION

SETS AVAILABLE

FIRST

1

2 3

4

5

6

7 8


SCENARIO 3:

JANAMANJUNG

POWER STATION

TRIP TO HOUSE LOAD

1

3 4

5

6

7

8 9

2


INITIATIVES

TO

PREVENT SYSTEM

COLLAPSE


INITIATIVES TO PREVENT SYSTEM COLLAPSE

1. Security-Checked Switching

• All supervisory switching are preceded by automatic system

security check by the EMS.

• System operators will be alarmed if a switching cause an

overload condition or creates a harmful N-1 contingency.

2. Availability & Reliability of State Estimator (SE)

• Important for the continuous monitoring of the security of

the grid system.



3. Real Time Short Circuit (RTSCT) Analysis.

• RTSCT provides the real-time short circuit current

calculations flowing through all circuit breakers & isolators

in the system.

• System operators are now aware of any possible danger as a

result of a fault in the system.

• Preventive actions can be taken to prevent any violations of

short circuit CB ratings.



4. Islanding Detection System.

• Automatic display electrical island when they formed.

5. Real Time Contingency Analysis (RTCA)

• To help control engineers to identify the next worst case

contingency.

• Perform all N-1 and selected N-2 contingencies every 5

minutes.

6. Power Flow (PWFLOW)

• To enable control engineers to conduct real time power

flow studies.



7. Dispatcher Training Simulator (DTS)

• Fully utilise the DTS facility since it was introduced in

1997.

• Real events initialise from the real-time can be regenerated

& experienced by the system operators.

8. Improve SCADA display

• System operators have overall system & regional

overview.

9. Full redundancy on communication network to ensure

reliable data transfer.



10. Efficient Emergency Outage Management.

• Control Engineers to perform Load Flow Analysis before implementing outage.

11. Disturbance Recorder.

• Install at critical and strategic substations.

• Help control room operator to make decision for faster restoration.

12. Corporate Emergency Response Plan (CERP)

• Developed for the organization to response to an emergency situation.

• Aim to enable a prompt, coordinated and effective response to an emergency situation.

• Corporate level drill at least once a year.


SYSTEM MINUTES HISTORY

Transmission System Minutes

7.32

9.34

6.56

1.02 0.854 0.76261.013

0

2

4

6

8

10

FY05/06 FY06/07 FY07/08 FY08/09 FY09/10 FY10/11 FY11/12

Financial Year

Min

ute

s


THANK YOU

SYSTEM RESTORATION PLAN

Documents

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