Pamod Kumar BahidarGaurav Kumar JhaHariballabha Mahanta

Department of Metallurgical EngineeringGandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology,

Gunupur

Supervisor

Prof. Ajaya Kumar Pradhan

By

Al is the second most widely used material

Application range from simple house hold items to space

High electrical conductivity

High thermal conductivity

High oxidation resistance

Light weight

Low cost

Recyclability

Good ductility and formability

Impermeable and odorless

Reflectivity

Low hardness, strength and wear resistance

Low corrosion resistance under aggressive environment

High coefficient of friction or low lubricating property

Hence, limited applicability in the fields requiring a combination of properties as mentioned in advantages and disadvantages of aluminium

Alloying

Heat treatment

Composite formation

Formation of composite can develop many properties significantly such as hardness, wear resistance, lubricating property that is impossible by any heat treatment or alloying.

No solubility limitation of the second phase More than one kind of reinforcement can be

added to develop many properties Wide range of formation techniques available Application specific properties can be

developed by controlling the shape, size and amount of the second phase

Architecture

Decoration

Sign boards

Powder metallurgy produces near net shape components. The technique required few or no secondary operations.

Parts of powder metallurgy can be produced from high melting point refractory metals with less cost and difficulties.

The dimensional accuracy of components produced by this technique is quite good, therefore no further machining is not required.

This technique involves high Production Rate along with low Unit Cost. It can produce complicated forms with a uniform microstructure. Powder metallurgy has full capacity for producing a variety of alloying

systems and particulate composites. This technique has flexibilities for producing powder metallurgy parts with

specific physical and mechanical properties like hardness, strength, density and porosity.

By using powder metallurgy, parts can be produced with infiltration and impregnation of other materials to obtain special characteristics which are needed for specific application.

Powder metallurgy can be used to produce bi-metallic products, porous bearing and sintered carbide.

Powder metallurgy makes use of 100% raw material as no material is wasted as scrap during process.

Author Material Processing route

Major findings

Atik, 1998 Aluminium/ Alumina

Agitated casting Hardness, tensile strength and impact strength have been observed to decrease. However, wear resistance has been observed to increase.

Ahmad et al. 2007 Aluminium/Alumina

Powder metallurgy Hardness and density have been observed to increase with the increase in Al2O3 content.

Dhadsanadhep et al., 2008 Aluminium/ Alumina

Powder metallurgy With the increasing content of Al2O3 hardness has been observed to increase.

Luangvaranunt et al., 2010 Aluminum-4 mass%Copper/Alumina

Powder Forging The process resulted a heat treatable alloy with age hardenable characteristics.

Mahboob et al., 2011 Aluminium/ Alumina

Powder Metallurgy Hardness, strength and ductility has been observed to increase with the increase in Al2O3

up to 5 wt%.

Radhika et al., 2012 Aluminium/Alumina/Graphite

Stir casting Hardness, tensile strength and wear resistance have been observed to increase with the increase in Al2O3 content.

Qutub Aluminium 6061/ Alumina

Powder metallurgy The composite has been observed to retain 35% of its tensile strength at 300 oC. Strain to fracture has been observed to increase with the increase in temperature up to 250 oC.

Metal Powder (Al)

Blending

Cold Compaction

Sintering

Characterization

Al2O3

Greater strength

Improved stiffness

Reduced density(weight)

Improved high temperature properties

Controlled thermal expansion coefficient

Thermal/heat management

Enhanced and tailored electrical performance

Improved abrasion and wear resistance

Control of mass (especially in reciprocating applications)

Improved damping capabilities

E. Atik, Mechanical properties and wear strengths in aluminium-alumina composites, Materials and Structures 31 (1998) 418-422.

K.R. Ahamad, W.J. Lee, R.M. Zaki, M.N. Mazlee, M.W.M. Fitri, S.S. Rizam and J.B.Shamsul, The microstructure and properties of aluminium composite reinforced with 65 µm alumina particles via powder metallurgy, ICoSM (2007) 165-167.

C. Dhadsanadhep, T. Luangvaranunt, J. Umeda and K. Kondoh, Fabrication of Al/AL2O3 composite by powder metallurgy method from aluminium and rice husk ash, Journals of Metals, Materials and Minerals, 18 (2008) 99-102.

T. Luangvaranunt, C. Dhadsanadhep, J. Umeda, E. Nisaratanaporn and K. Kondoh, Aluminium-4 mass% copper/alumina composites produced from aluminium copper and rice husk ash silica powder by powder forging, Materials Transactions 51 (2010) 756-761.

H. Mahboob, S.A. Sajjadi and S.M. Zebarjad, Influence of nanosized Al2O3 weight percentage on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-matrix composite, Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining 54 (2011) 148-152.

N. Radhika, S. Subramanian, S. Venkat Prasat and B. Anandavel, Dry sliding wear behaviour of aluminium/alumina/graphite hybrid metal matrix composites, Industrial Lubrication and Technology 64 (2012) 359-366.

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