PowerPoint Presentation

INTRODUCTION TO PVCPolyvinyl (PVC) is a widely-used plastic. Globally, over 50% of all PVC manufactured is used in constructionPVC has been replacing traditional building materials such as wood, concrete and clay in many areas. Superiority of PVC over other materialsStrong and lightweightEasy installationDurableCost effectiveSafe

PVC panelPVC wall panelPhysical propertiesThey can withstand a continuous temperature of 60C.Density [g/cubic cm] = 1.1-1.35As a result pvc is Durable a life of 40-70 yearsFlexible and elasticOil and chemical resistanceVarietyPrevents microbal growthChemically inertFire retardent

INTERIORS

Flooring Wall claddingPVC pipes

Framework Furniture Dismantlable

As a cheaper alternativeVariety in texture, shape and styleLesser leaksRust proofLightweight Environment friendlyLess sound and scratchesChoice in finishesTreatable EXTERIORS

FencingDecking Fencing

Wrapping London Olympics stadiumCost and recyclingCost and durabilityTo mark boundaryAesthetics and sturdinessFor demarkation and low maintananceFences gazebos bridgesADVANTAGESEasy and fast to install:One can easily cut the panels to size and install them. Compared to tiles, they take about half time.

Water resistant:PVC panels are very popular in the bathroom and kitchen areas as they are water-repellent and mould resistant.

Hygienic:PVC panels provide a very clean and hygienic solution for wall and ceiling decoration. PVC is mould-repellent and not a suitable material for bacterial growth.

Low maintenance:PVC are low maintenance, and cleaning does not take long. A simple cloth can be used to clean the surface. Do not use chlorinated or abrasive agents.

Safe:PVC is self-extinguishable and does not burn by itself, once the external flame is withdrawn.

Recyclable:PVC is 100% recyclable. Their panels can be taken to any plastic recycling centre.

Insulating:PVC panels are insulating as well (R-value 2.25), which is an advantage when PVC panels are used in garages, basements or similar locations.

DISADVANTAGESOne of the biggest arguments against PVC as a material is that it makes use of chlorine, which is a dangerous and toxic gas in its natural state. Over time they may break down in such a way that minute traces of chlorine are introduced into the air. Although PVC, especially heavily plasticized PVC, has been found to be quite safe for long term use.

PVC is not the most attractive type of wall/ ceiling covering. Many people think of PVC as inferior in appearance and choose to avoid it for aesthetic reasons.

Market survey

PVC jalli : Rs 10/- sq ft Carpet : Rs 56/- sq ftWall panels : Rs 70-80/- sq ft

ALUMINIUMAluminium is a chemical element in the boron group with symbol Al and atomic number 13. It is a silvery-white, soft, nonmagnetic, ductile metal. Aluminium is the third most abundant element, and the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust.PROPERTIES DURABLE :- Aluminium building products that are weather-proof, corrosion-resistant and immune to the harmful effects of UV rays.FLEXIBLE :- Aluminium can be shaped, welded, screwed and cut into dynamic 3-D shapes. Products may be manufactured flat, curved.LIGHT AND STRONG :-The incredible high strength-to-weight ratio of aluminium makes it possible to design light structures with exceptionally stability. RECYCLED :- Aluminium however, is recycled in a way that pays for itself. Aluminium components can usually be recycled in a single process using up to 95% less energy.EFFEICIENT :- The high reflectivity of some aluminium alloys makes it a very efficient material for light management. ECONOMIC :- Besides routine cleaning for aesthetic reasons, neither bare nor painted aluminium requires any maintenance.SYMPATHETIC :-The wide variety of surface finishes and colours available, such as anodizing or coating, ensures that the high aesthetic demands made by architects can be fulfilled and the application potential of aluminium can be extended even further cost advantage over the lifetime of a product.

USES IN EXTERIOR OF A BUILDING

USES IN INTERNAL OF A BUILDING

Ceiling system

Doors

Elevator cab

Furniture

Venetian blinds

Signs

Checker plate Flooring

Partition walls INSTALLATION PROCESS

ADVANTAGES Reusability of the Building Kit System components finished constructions are easy to expand, adjust and modify by flexible item componentsEasy assembly of the prefabricated item parts item ensures high tolerance.Labour-saving and cost-cutting no special tool (like welding sets) needed for assemblyAluminium naturally generates a protective oxide coating, no painting is necessaryGood thermal conductivity aluminium retains its great hardness under load, even at low temperaturesEasy to clean due to the strength of the anodic coatingnon-toxicEconomic recycling of the material only about 5 percent of the energy required to produce the initial primary metal is needed

DISADVANTAGES Aluminium doors will oxidate. This oxidation appears as white residue and pitting (cavity).Aluminium can be water-stained easily.Aluminium can corrode quickly if suitable precautions against electrolysis are not taken. Welding of Aluminium requires specialized equipment and training compared to standard welding of steel.MARKET SURVEYChecker Plate: Rs180- 200/- per kg (3mm)Kitchen sink : Rs 3900/- (37 x 18)Lock: Rs 40/- Hinge: Rs 30/-Aluminium window frame: Rs 1500/- (1 m x 1m)Aluminium Grill: Rs 80/- per footAluminium door section: Rs 240/- 15foot (3kg)

STEEL Steelsarealloysofironand other elements, primarilycarbon, widely used in construction and other applications because of their hightensile strengthsand low costs. Carbon, other elements, and inclusions within iron act as hardening agents that prevent the movement ofdislocations.

Alloy SteelsStainless SteelsTool SteelsCarbon SteelsTYPES

PROPERTIES EXTERNAL

INTERNAL

INSTALLATION PROCESS

ADVANTAGES Structural performance of steel has a very high yield stress both in taking compression and tension. As a result of this, the amount of steel used in building to produce the equivalent performance is much less than that of using ordinary reinforced concrete. Construction Speed casing structural steel may normally be faster than in-situ concrete. Most structural steel members can be pre-fabricated off-site, this can allow other site works such as the construction of the foundation, the central core or the erection of other members to be done at the same time and shorten the critical time in waiting for the completion of the other required members. Maintenance cost for buildings in structural steel construction is reasonable when compare to other forms of construction, especially when the design, workmanship and protection treatment during construction is effective and sound. DISADVANTAGESHas to be welded by specialistsHas to be prevented against weld splatterProtective equipment requiredMachine for mounting and sawing requiredNo corrosion resistance material has to be paintedHigh transport weightComplex cleaning of steel surfaces risk of rust filmMaterial is often unnecessarily oversized for applications and constructions

MARKET SURVEYSTEEL JALLI : 21- 40/- SQ FT304 Grade steel used outside202 Grade steel used indoorSteel handle : 750 per pair

GypsumGypsum is a rock like mineral commonly found in the earths crust,extracted, processed and used by Man in construction or decorationin the form of plaster and alabaster since 9000 B.C.

Properties:

Fire PropertiesFire ResistantNon-combustible2. Acoustic Properties3. Thermal Properties : Gypsum equilibrates humidity and heat peaks4. Aesthetics and Design5. Ease of InstallationUsesBe added to some bread and dough mixes as a Calcium source and baking aid.Be used as a filler and fi re retardant in plastic products.Be used in Portland cement and special cement products for setand expansion control.Be a source of Calcium and Sulphate Sulphur for plant growth.Be used as a modelling material for tooth restorations.Be an ingredient in many patching compounds.Be used with glass to fabricate large, lightweight architecturaldecorations.Be used as a mold material to fabricate custom body parts for trucksand automobiles.Be an aid in juice extraction of some fruits and vegetables.In Home Interiors:A. PlasterboardsPlasterboard is used for partitions and the lining of walls, ceilings, roofs and floors. The properties of plasterboard can be modified to meet specific requirements, such as fire resistance, humidity, resistance, impact resistance, etc.B. Decorative PlasterPlaster powder, mixed with water, is used to create an effective and aesthetically-pleasing lining for brick and block walls, and for ceilings. Gypsum's adaptability in application lends itself to molding and shaping. C. Building plasterGypsum plaster is used for walls and ceilings.

D. Plaster blocksGypsum blocks are used for partitions and Gypsum tiles for ceilings.E. Gypsum-based self-leveling screedsAnhydrite or Alpha-Hemihydrates are used in the production of self leveling floor screeds.F. Gypsum Fiberboards Gypsum fiberboard is used for partitions and the lining of walls, ceilings, roofs and floors. Standard Gypsum fiberboard offers good performance when it comes to impact resistance, sound insulation and humidity resistance.

MARKET SURVEYGypsum Board USG Boral Size: 6x4 Price: Rs 325/- Thickness12.5 mmPlaster board Saint Gobain GyprocSize : 6x4 Price: Rs 340/- Thickness 12.5 mmSacarni Instand Gysum bond Quantity: 5 liters Price : 750/-Gypsum plaster / One coat plaster Price 4600 - 5600 per ton i.e. 4.60 or 5.60 per kg Gypsum POP Price 4200 5000 per ton i.e. 4.20 or 5 per kg If buying from a wholesaler, minimum order of 25 ton has to be placed .Sacarni POP Weight: 25 kg bag Price: 160/-Shreeram POPWeight : 20 kg Price: 125/-Gold lion (local)Weight : 25kg Price: 140/-Gyproc Stico Plaster / NI plasterWeight 25kg Price: 180/- (stico) and 210/- (NI)Superfine Weight 20kg ( 17kg) Price: 75/-

Fly ash waterproof footing foundationPlacement of gfrg panels onto 10mm bars from plinth beam. Placement of 10mm bars in every third cavityAddition of concrete is added to every third cavity for reinforcement.Stairs are made and 10mm bars are installed.125 mm gfrg floor is placed over existing walls.Reinforcement cage inserted to act as concealed beam Panels for the next floor are erected and the process is repeatedafter roofing, waterproofing course is provided.22Corrosion resistanceCopper surfaces form tough oxide-sulphatepatinacoatings that protect underlying copper surfaces and resist corrosion for a very long time.

Durability/Long-lifeCopper roofs are extremely durable in most environmentsLow thermal movementProperly designed copper roofs minimize movements due to thermal changes.VentilationCopper does not require complexventilationmeasures. It is suitable for both unventilated warm and ventilated cold roof constructionsSustainabilityCopper is a sustainable material. Its durability offers long service with little maintenance. Its high electrical and thermal energy efficiencies reduce the waste of electrical energy.

Properties of copper

Uses of copper in interiorsCopper wall design and decorating ideasCopper bathroom fixture, bathtubs and sinks.

Room furniture, chairs Copper lighting fixtures.

RoofingCopper offers a unique character and durability as a roofing material.Gutters and downspoutsCopper is a good choice for gutters and downspouts because it makes strong leak-proof joints Domes, spires and vaultsthere are many types of copperdomes,spires, andvaults, both with simple geometries or complex curved surfaces and multi-faceted designs.Uses of copper in exteriors

Wall cladding The technology enables architects to incorporate visually desirable features into their designs, such as embossed or shaped-metal cladding.

Cathedral-Basilica Mary Queen of the World, in Montreal.At the transept crossing in front of the main altar are made with red copper.

Architectural copper cladding in the interior of the Capital Museum, Beijing, Peoples Republic of China.Capital Museum, Beijing, Peoples Republic of China.AVOCAB Copper Cable 1.5 Sq mm Wire (Red)Price: Rs808.00Market surveyFos Lighting Classic hanging light in antique copper finishPrice:Rs1,975.00Orient Spectra 47-inch 68-Watt Under Light Ceiling Fan (Brushed Antique and Copper)price: Rs6,000.00

Corrosion-resistant brass for harsh environmentsBrass isany alloy of copper and zinc; the proportions of zinc and copper can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties.

Brass has higher malleability than bronze or zinc.Aluminium makes brass stronger and more corrosion resistant. Brass

Brass sectionsChandleriesFixturesHandles

Brass is used in chandeliers Brass handles are commonly usedInteriorsUses of brass in interiorsTwo Moustaches Brass Tuskar Style Ganesha Carving Door Handle Pair (2 pcs)Price: Rs 2999 - 1500Two Moustaches Brass Lion Mouth Door KnockerPrice:Rs725.00Fos Lighting Antique Finish Cast Brass Wall LightPrice:Rs 7,975.00

Market survey

Towe ring : Rs 150/-

ChromeUsed in washroom fixtures

Aluminium composite panelsSandwich panelis a structure made of three layers: low density core inserted in between two relatively thin skin layers

Aluminium composite panel (ACP/ACM) composed of two aluminium skins with recycled polyethylene plastic core and fluorocarbon surface coating. It is suitable for use in exterior and interior use in commercial and industrial applications for signage and cladding.

Classification of ACPWhat are Sandwich panels? What is ACP? 0.5mm Al plateInterlayer is PE or PVCInterlayer thickness 3-5mmAl comp. thickness 4-6mm

0.2 0.25mm Al plateInterlayer is PE or PVCInterlayer thickness 2.5-3mmAl comp. thickness 3-5mm

Standard Widths: 1220mm and 1250mmStand`, 2440mm, 2500mm, 3050mm and 4050mmTypes of ACP

Nano Coated Panel Sheets

A2 Fire Resistant Panel Sheets

Signage/Digital Printing Panel Sheets

Natural Stone & Wooden Design Panel SheetsHigh Gloss Sparkling Panel Sheets Transportation Industry Panel SheetsAnti-Bacterial Paint Coated Panel SheetsIndustries in Panel Sheets can be used: Construction Signage & Digital Printing Transportation (Aviation, Marine, RVs, Buses) Kitchens Furniture Retractable Garage Doors Interior DecorationArchitectural & Construction Applications: Curtain Wall/Cladding & FaadeRoofing (Car Park & Link ways)Pillar Wraps/Column Covers Digital Printing & Signage Applications: Petrol Stations Hording & Billboards Light Boxes Directional Signs Point of Sale & Point of Purchase Exhibition Booths & Retail Displays

Application of ACP

Specialty Applications: Room Partitions in Clean Rooms Kitchen Splash Backs Doors & Furniture Aircraft Galley Push Trolleys & Bus and Aircraft Ceilings , Luggage Compartments in Buses, Cruise Ships and TrainsImproved sound dampeningReusable and Recyclable Cost effective-Resource EfficiencyLeast maintenance requiredLong lasting durabilityWeather resistantOutstanding thermal comfortCustom Colour MatchesEasily fabricated and FlexibilityPrecise PrintingLight WeightHeat InsulationSelf CleaningFire-proof

Polyester XT: (Solid and Metallic Colors) in Matt, Satin or High Gloss High Durable Polyester: (Solid and Metallic Colors) in High Gloss with mica Brushed Finish: Silver, Golden and Bronze Mirror: Silver and Golden PVDF: For Exterior Applications in Solid and Metallic Colours (Gloss ) 45%) FEVE: For Exterior Applications in Solid and Metallic Colours (Gloss ) 90%)

Finishes of ACPAdvantages of ACPOne of the drawbacks to using aluminium composite panels is their susceptibility to dents or dings, particularly during storms or hurricane

Disadvantage of ACPMarket survey for ACP (Alomax)FinishUnit PriceMatt Per sq. footRs. 50- 75/-WoodenPer sq. footRs. 175-230/-MirrorPer sq. footRs. 250- 400/-

Installation Video

Spaceship Earth, Orlandois the iconic and symbolic structure ofEpcot, the second of fourtheme parksbuilt at theWalt Disney World Resort.

One of the most recognizable structures of any theme park, it is also the name of the attraction that is housed within the 18-storygeodesic spherethat takes guests on atime machine-themed experience using the Omnimoversystem.

Construction took 26 months. Extending upwards from the table are "quadra-pod" structures, which support smaller beams which form the shell of the steel skeleton. Pipes stand the aluminium skin panels away from the skeleton and provide space for utilities.

In theory, there are 11,520 total isosceles triangles forming 3840 points. In reality, some of those triangles are partially or fully non-existent due to supports and doors; there are actually only 11,324 silvered facets, with 954 partial or full flat triangular panels.

The cladding was designed so that when it rains, no water pours off the sides onto the ground. All water is collected through one-inch gaps in the facets into a gutter system, and finally channelled into the World Showcase Lagoon.

Case Study of ACPCorrugated sheet

Corrugated galvanised ironor steel (colloquiallycorrugated ironorpailing(in Caribbean English), occasionallyabbreviated GI) is abuilding materialcomposed of sheets ofhot-dip galvanisedmild steel,cold-rolledto produce a linear corrugated pattern in them. The corrugations increase the bending strength of the sheet in the direction perpendicular to the corrugations, but not parallel to them. Normally each sheet is manufactured longer in its strong direction.Types of sheetsAsbestos sheetFrp corrugated sheetPoly carbonate corrugated sheetCorrugated roofing sheetDecorated corrugated sheetGalvinised corrugated sheetCorrugated drainage sheetCorrugated steel sheetFlaoting roof tank sheet pp hollow corrugated sheet

TinTin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn and atomic number 50. It is a main group metal in group 14 of the periodic table.Symbol:SnMelting point:231.9 CChemical series:Metal, Post-transition metal, Carbon group, Toxic heavy metal, Period 5 element

The principal architectural uses oftinfall into two categories:the alloying of tin with other metals such ascopperto formbronzethe coating of tin on harder metals, such as tinplated iron or steelTinplatewas a type of architectural material consisting of sheet iron coated with tin.

Tinplate was also used for decoration, such as ornamental windows and door lintels.tinplate is still available today for roofing and flashing, it is generally considered expensive since the initial cost is more than that for common modern roofing types such asasphaltshingles or built-up roofs.A well-maintained tinplate roof typically lasts several times longer than either of these types of roofing, it is more economical when the cost is prorated over the longer lifespan.[Thank You !