Sustainable Design Exhibition

Sustainable Living & Design

Key Questions

● What does “sustainable” mean?● What does it mean to live sustainable?● How to we measure sustainability?● Why live sustainable?● Why design sustainable?● Do we want to live/design only to

sustain? Or do we want to live/design to improve?

● How do we make IES Italica more sustainable?

What is sustainability?

What does the word “sustain” mean?

Verb 1. to provide what is needed for (something or

someone) to exist, continue, etc.

2. To cause or allow something to continue for a period of time

Synonyms: carry, support, maintain

Sustain Definition

So then, what does “sustainable” mean?

Adjective1. Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level

2. Causing little or no damage to the environment, and therefore able to continue for a long time

Synonyms: maintainable, supportable

Sustainable Definition

So what does it mean to live sustainable?

To leave as small of an impact on the earth as we can.

Chris’ Simple Rules:1. Use less energy2. Produce only what you use3. Spread the word!

Sustainable Definition

But how do we measure sustainability?

In a closed system, i.e., a system that isolated from its surroundings, the total energy of the system is conserved.

Which means:

Energy in the universe can neither be created nor destroyed.

The Law of the Conservation of Energy

What is Carbon?

Carbon is a chemical element.All living things are made of carbon.Carbon is non-living things like the air, ocean and rocks.Since the earth is dynamic, carbon is constantly moving around, being transferred from one to thing to another.

Carbon

Did you know?

18% of the human body is made up of carbon. If you weigh 50 kg, 9 kg of your body is carbon!

Common Chemical Compounds

Carbon Dioxide

● Carbon Dioxide is a chemical element.

The Carbon Cycle

What is a fossil fuel?

A fossil is the preserved remains of animals plants and other organisms from the past.

Fossil fuels are energy sources formed by the decomposition of buried dead plants and animals that lived hundreds of millions of years ago.

Fossil fuels are a non-renewable source of energy. There is a limited supply of them, so they will eventually disappear.

Fossil Fuels

● Petroleum (oil)● Coal● Natural Gas● Kerosene● Propane ● Many others

Fossil Fuels

Fossil Fuels Usage

Fossil Fuels Usage Per Person

So what are our alternatives?

Renewable Energy

A renewable energy is natural energy that is collected from resources that naturally regenerate themselves over a short time.

Renewable energy does NOT include sources derived from fossil fuels.

● Sunlight● Wind● Rain● Tides● Waves● Geothermal● Biomass

Renewable Energy Sources

So what does carbon have to do with this?

● When fossil fuels are burned, carbon is released into the atmosphere.

● Greenhouse gases trap the Sun's energy in the Earth’s atmosphere, making the planet warmer.

Greenhouse Gases

Greenhouse Effect

So how do we measure carbon use?

Carbon Footprint (by country)

Everything we do, touch or consume on this earth has an impact, or a footprint.

Carbon Footprint (by person)

Everything we do, touch or consume on this earth has an impact, or a footprint.

Carbon Footprint (by industry/sector)

Carbon Footprint in Renewable Energy

Even renewable energy sources have a carbon footprint. For example, to build a solar panel we need to use machines that produce carbon, and the trucks that transport them.

Embodied Energy

The energy consumed by all of the processes associated with the production of a building, from the mining and processing of natural resources to manufacturing, transport and product delivery.

Embodied Energy

Deforestation

By killing trees, we reduce the amount of carbon dioxide that trees absorb, which increases the temperature of the Earth.

So, we want to “sustain” by reducing our impact on the Earth.

Why?

Why Live Sustainable?

1. It’s our responsibility2.Save our planet3.Save money4. It’s healthier5.We become self-sufficient

Do we only want to sustain? Or do we want to improve?

How do we do this?

How to live sustainably

Live Sustainable: Overall Guidelines

1.Use less (energy, water, electricity)2.Prevent/Eliminate Waste (Recycle)3.Buy Local (products, food, clothing

furniture)4.Use Clean Energy

Live Sustainable: Categories

1.Shelter2.Power3.Food4.Transportation5.Water6.Other (clothing, toys...etc)

1. Shelter/Home

A.Live in the city/flatB.Live in an existing house/flat

We will speak more about this in the next section!

A. Live in the City

Living in the city uses much less energy than living in the town.

B. Live in an existing house/flat

The most sustainable thing you can do is not build!

2. Power

A.Use Less/Reduce Waste (lighting, appliances, heating/cooling, electricity, gas--efficient appliances)

B.Use Renewable Energy Sources

A. Use Less/Reduce Waste: Lights

Shut lights off when not in a room, or use sunlight. Use efficient light bulbs to save energy.

A. Use Less/Reduce Waste: Electricity

Unplug appliances off when not using them. Use energy-efficient appliances.

A. Use Less/Reduce Waste: Heating/Cooling

Use an extra blanket if it’s cold. Use a fan instead of air-conditioning if it’s hot.

B. Use Renewable Energy Sources

Use solar panels for electricity and solar hot water panels for hot water. Produce your own power!

3. Food

A.Buy Less/Save/Reduce Waste (only what you need)

B.Buy Local/OrganicC.Buy SeasonalD.Grow Your Own FoodE.Eat Less Meat

A. Buy Less/Save More/Reduce Waste

Approximately ⅓ (33%) of food in the world goes to waste. Think about what you throw away!


Compost! This turns food and plant waste into soil or fertilizer to grow plants and vegetables.


Eliminate use of disposable items (bottles, utensils)Use reusable containers to store food.

B. Buy Local/Organic

Buying local reduces energy used to transport food.Organic foods use less energy and do less damage.

C. Buy Seasonal

Buy food that is in season to reduce transportation of food from other places.

D. Grow Your Own Food

Plant your own garden and grow your own vegetables, herbs and spices!

E. Eat Less Meat

Commercial meat production uses lots of energy, and produces harmful pollution/greenhouse gases.

E. Eat Less Meat

Vegetables use much less water, energy and carbon dioxide to produce.

4. Transportation

A.Drive Less (or Drive electric/hybrid)B.Use Public TransportationC.Ride your Bike

A. Drive Less (or Drive Smart)

Carpool with someone to work or school.Use a hybrid or electric car to save energy.

B. Use Public Transportation

Public transportation uses much less energy than driving a car.

C. Ride your Bicycle

Did you know...riding a bike is 50 times (50x) more energy efficient than driving!

5. Water

A.Use less water (shower, sink)B.Use efficient fixtures/appliances (toilet,

dishwasher, washing machine)C.Collect rainwater

A. Use Less Water

Shut the shower off while using soap/shampoo.Shut the sink off while scrubbing dishes.

B. Use Efficient Fixtures/Appliances

Efficient toilets, dishwashers and washing machines can save lots of energy and money!

C. Collect Rainwater

Collecting rainwater on your roof reduces the water that has to be transported to your house.

6. Other

A.Think twice before shoppingB.If you do buy, buy localC.Vote for sustainable policies and lawsD.Spread the word!

A. Think Twice About Shopping

Do you really need the extra pair of shoes or that new shirt? Donate your old clothes!

B. If You Do Buy, Buy Local

Ask where the sofa is from, or check the tag on those pants to see where they are made.

B. Vote for Sustainable Policies/Laws

This will make it necessary for people live more sustainable, even if they don’t care.

C. Spread the Word!

Talk to your parents, friends and teachers about sustainability. Sharing is caring!

How to design sustainable

But, why design sustainable?

Why Design Sustainable?

● It’s Our Responsibility● Protect the Environment● Save Money● Advertise/Spread the Word!

OK then, how?

Design Sustainable: Basic Guidelines

1.Prevent Energy Loss2.Use Less Energy3.Produce Own/Natural Energy4.Use Local Materials

Design Sustainable: 3 Tier Approach

Design Sustainable: 3 Tier Approach

● Tier 1 - Basic Building Design

● Tier 2 - Passive Systems (Natural Energies)

● Tier 3 - Active Systems (Mechanical Equipment)

Tier 1: Basic Building Design

Tier 1 - Basic Building Design

● Is the most important part to designing a sustainable building

● Design to the building to take the most advantage of it’s location

● Includes: Orientation, shape, size, landscaping, windows/openings, construction materials, insulation


Always orient the building the long way on the East-West Axis, so the it receives southern sun.

Orientation


In the Northern Hemisphere, we want to gain heat in winter, and prevent heat in summer.

Orientation


Climate zones of Spain.

Size/Shape


Climate zones of the USA.

Size/Shape


Depending on the location and climate of the project, you want to design the shape and size.

Boston (Humid Continental)

Size/ShapeSeville

(Mediterranean)● Warm Summers (15.5° night / 26.7° day average)● Cold Snowy Winters

(-4.0° night / 4.0° day average)● Rainfall = 127cm per year● Sunlight Per Year

2634 hours / 98 days

● Hot dry summers(19.6° night / 34.4° day average)● Mild Wet Winters

(6.7° night / 16.9° day average)● Rainfall = 53.9cm per

year● Sunlight Per Year:

2918 hours / 121 days



Size/ShapeSeville

(Mediterranean)● More heating days than cooling days each year.

● Protect from heat loss in very cold winters.

● Shape roof for rain/snow

● More cooling days than heating days each year.

● Protect from extreme summer heat gain.

● Light colored buildings to reflect sunlight


Notice: colors, shapes, materials, plants

Size/ShapeBoston (Humid Continental)

Seville (Mediterranean)


Urban design of cities also changes in different climates.

Size/ShapeBoston (Humid Continental)



Using landscape elements and plants to create shadow helps keep buildings cool.

Landscaping


Green roofs insulate the roof of the building and prevent heat from entering.

Landscaping


Green roofs insulate the roof of the building and prevent heat from entering. It can be a garden too!

Landscaping


Or you can build the building into the landscape!

Landscaping


Minimize openings to prevent unwanted heat loss or gain. Place larger windows on south.

Windows/Openings


On the south, we want to receive the sunlight, and on the north protect from heat loss.

Windows/Openings

South (Receive) North

(Protect)


Protect annoying sunlight from East (morning) and West (evening).

Windows/Openings


Natural ventilation can cool spaces without using energy.

Windows/Openings


Minimize openings to prevent unwanted heat loss or gain. Place larger windows on south.

Windows/Openings


Vertical louvers/blinds are best on east/west, and horizontal on south.

Windows/Openings

Tier 1 - Basic Building DesignConstruction Materials



Notice: colors, shapes, materials, plants

Tier 1 - Basic Building DesignConstruction Materials

Thermal Mass: absorb heat during day hot day, release heat during cool night.


Use local materials to reduce energy use and help local economy.

Construction MaterialsBoston (Humid Continental)



Rammed earth is another technique that uses little energy and local materials.

Construction Materials


Insulation is very important to prevent heat/cold from entering or leaving the building.

Insulation


Double/triple panes prevent unwanted heat loss/gain.

Insulation

Tier 2: Passive Systems (Natural Energy)

Tier 2 - Passive Systems

● Is the second important part to designing a sustainable building

● Small design changes that capture natural energy (wind, sun, earth)

● Includes: Sunspace, light shelf, clerestory windows, rainwater collection


Sunspace captures heat from sun and uses air pressure to push into the home.

Sunspace


Light shelves redirect bothersome direct light off the ceiling and into the room.

Light Shelf

Tier 2 - Passive SystemsLight Shelf

Light shelves redirect bothersome direct light off the ceiling and into the room.


Clerestory windows allow light into back spaces of buildings and homes.

Clerestory Windows

Tier 2 - Passive SystemsClerestory Windows

Clerestory windows allow light into back spaces of buildings and homes.

Tier 2 - Passive SystemsRainwater Collection

The system collects rainwater to be used all over the house.

Tier 3: Mechanical Systems

Tier 3 - Mechanical Systems

● Is the third part to designing a sustainable building

● These are added mechanical systems to produce energy for the building

● Includes: Solar Panels, Solar Hot Water Heaters, Wind Turbines, Geothermal, Efficient appliances, efficient fixtures


Solar panels capture photons from the sun, and convert them into electricity to use in the home.

Solar Power - Solar Panels


These use tubes with water that are heated by the suns energy, then used in the sink/shower.

Solar Power - Solar Hot Water Panels


Wind spins the blades, which spins gears inside the turbine to generate electricity.

Wind Power - Wind Turbine


There are two types: a normal turbine and a vertical wind turbine, which is much smaller.

Wind Power - Wind Turbine


Uses the constant temperature of the earth to heat or cool the air, depending on the season.

Geothermal System


There all different types of installation, even one using a body of water!

Geothermal System


Efficient light bulbs use less energy to provide the same amount of light, and save money.

Efficient Lighting


Efficient appliances use less energy to provide the same amount of life, therefore saving money.

Efficient Appliances


Efficient water fixtures save water and save money.

Efficient Fixtures

Tier 3 - Mechanical SystemsEfficient Fixtures

Sustainable School Case Studies

The Green SchoolBali, Indonesia

CNN:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Mv4D26LsxI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQr36syiWTA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Mv4D26LsxI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQr36syiWTA

Green Dot High School Inglewood, California, USA

Solar Panels

Used to generate energy, and to advertise to the world! Also prevents unwanted summer heat.

Outdoor Hallways

With a warm climate, hallways are outdoors which requires less heating and cooling.

Boston Latin High SchoolBoston, MA, USA

Sustainable Updates

Empty roof of school turned into a garden and solar panels installed!

Sustainable Updates

Merici CollegeBraddon, Canberra, Australia

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atAGQ7kqL-g

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atAGQ7kqL-g

IES Italica Case Study

IES ItalicaOrientation

The school is oriented east/west, but broken into blocks with the windows on the south/north.

Building is broken into volumes to create courtyard spaces for cooling.

IES ItalicaShape

Small courtyards allow indirect sunlight

Grass and trees used in courtyards to keep space cool.

IES ItalicaShape

Concrete, brick and tile are used to absorb the heat, and also reflect the light.

IES ItalicaMaterials

Large overhangs are used to provide shade in outdoor spaces.

IES ItalicaOverhangs

Used to block light and heat from entering when it’s hot outside.

IES ItalicaWindow Louvers

Let light from classrooms into hallway to minimize use of electric lights.

IES ItalicaClerestory Windows

Now, how can we make IES Italica more sustainable?

1. Rules:a. Prevent Energy Lossb. Use Less / Prevent Waste (Recycle)c. Produce Own Energyd. Buy Local

2. Types of Renewable Energya. Solarb. Windc. Waterd. Geothermal

3. Categoriesa. Power, Food, Transportation, Water, Other

Things to Think About...

Sustainable Design Exhibition

Design

Transcript of Sustainable Design Exhibition