Survey for Diabrotica extension and management in France · Usual trap device= 100 catches Extended...
Transcript of Survey for Diabrotica extension and management in France · Usual trap device= 100 catches Extended...
Survey for Diabrotica extension
and management in France
Marc DELOS1, Maria MANNINO 2,
Bertrand HUGUET3
1 SRAl - DRAAF Midi-Pyrénées - TOULOUSE
2 Direction Générale de l'Alimentation – PARIS
3 SRAl – DRIAAF –CACHAN
Ministry of agriculture, agro-food and forestry- FR
Diabrotica situation
in 2009In relation with motorways
– Italy distance and maize
monocrop
Management PerspectivesSituation
We suspected that Diabrotica which
were mainly an air borne pest (by
plane) 2002 to 2006 became a road or
rail borne pest (by truck or by train)
Milan
400 km
Milan
300 km
First since 2002 to 2006
Eradicated since 2007
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
July added in august
Traps number evolution in France
Management PerspectivesSituation
Diabrotica
situation in 2012
and previous
years
sum 2009 sum 2010 sum 2011 sum 2012
catches 294 99 1458 1940
corrected 294 99 708 1870
Corrected : usual trap device
(without catches added in CULOZ)
We verified that Diabrotica which
were mainly an air borne pest (by
plane) became a road or rail borne
pest ( by truck or by train)
Milan
300 km
Milan
400 km
Ante 2012
2012
Management PerspectivesSituation
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
26
July
(27) 28 29 30
August
(31) 32 33 34
Sep
t (35
)36 37 38
Alsace
RA
2011
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
26
July
(27) 28 29 30
August
(31) 32 33 34
Sep
t(35
)36 37 38
Alsace
RA
2012
In 2012
6 weeks of significant catches
later than in 2011
Catches and time in the year
Management PerspectivesSituation
Diabrotica
situation in RA
area in 2011 and
previous years
sum 2009 sum 2010 sum 2011 sum 2012
84 53 1104 986
294 99 354 917
Trap Map distribution and positive trap
http://draaf.rhone-
alpes.agriculture.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/carte_des_pieges_et_captures_30_aout_cle4b321
2.pdf
An increase risk close to industries
truck park in Culoz (788 catches)
Corrected : usual trap device
(without catches added in CULOZ)
Management PerspectivesSituation
Usual trap device= 100 catches
Extended trap device = 650 for a
late survey
Culoz case in 2011
An usual trap device limited catches
to 100 along the main road.
Main catches close to the city and
industries
under evaluated because late traps
deploymentManagement PerspectivesSituation
Diabrotica situation in
RA area in 2012
Soil effect on final population
2009 2010 2011 2012
catches 84 53 1104 986
corrected 294 99 354 917
Trap Map distribution and positive trap
http://draaf.rhone-
alpes.agriculture.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/carte_des_pieges_et_captures_30_aout_cle4b3212.pdf
Culoz : soil very dam land
2011 -> 789 catches
2012 ->69 catches Aiton: Soil healthy clay
2011->57catches
2012->241catches
Blyes : healthy loam and stone soil
2011 ->30 catches
2012 ->227 catches
Under 110 mm
rainfall in may
( 1st larvae stage)
Management PerspectivesSituation
Diabrotica situation in 2011
in Alsace, French Rhine
side and previous years
Management PerspectivesSituation
Diabrotica situation in 2012
in Alsace, French Rhine
side and in previous years.
sum
2009
sum
2010
sum
2011
sum
2012
catches 206 29 339 882
Management PerspectivesSituation
Change in Diabrotica status
in France after summer 2009:
• Small populations but established in several
outbreaks, particular in Alsace and Rhône-Alpes
where eradication seemed no longer possible with
measures on small areas (R=1 km focus + R=5 km
safety)
Management PerspectivesSituation
• In these regions containment was considered more
effective than eradication to prevent the spread of
Diabrotica: measures lighter but implemented on larger
areas.
Possible strategies in France
studied for economic and phytosanitary impact
Implemented in Alsace and Rhone Alpes
area since 2010
Eradication
safety zone 0 catches 1 to 29 catches >29 catches
R0T0 R2T0 R3T0 R6T3 R6T4 R=1 km R3T1 R=1km
Year 1 maize maize maize maize maize maize
Year 2 maize Rotation maize maize Maize + larvicide Maize + larvicide
Year 3 maize maize Rotation Maize + larvicide Maize + larvicide Rotation
Year 4 maize Rotation maize Maize + larvicide Maize + larvicide maize
Year 5 maize maize maize Maize + larvicide Maize + larvicide Maize + larvicide
Year 6 maize Rotation Rotation Rotation Rotation Rotation
containment
Management PerspectivesSituation
Social and economical side
- Cost for farmers
- Cost for national ecoomy
8,4
11,2
13,0
16,3 16,4
13,313,2
10,5
9,0
6,7
11,211,1
8,8
7,5
5,6
0,0
2,0
4,0
6,0
8,0
10,0
12,0
14,0
16,0
18,0
20,0
AL40 + RH40 AL60 + RH60 AL80 + RH80 ALfront + RHreg ALreg + RHreg
Scenarri for areas
ME
UR
R2
R3+larv
R3+st7
R3+st14
R3+st21
R4+larv
R6+larv+st7
R6+larv+st14
R6+larv+st21
R6+larv
Global cost for farmers(Millions EUR/Year - actualisation on 12 year at 4%/year)
Grain lost harvest(% global harvest 2008-09 due to rotation)
12%
16%
19%
24% 24%
6%
8%9%
12% 12%
4%
5%6%
8% 8%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
AL40 + RH40 AL60 + RH60 AL80 + RH80 ALfront + RHreg ALreg + RHreg
Scenarri for areas
% g
lobal
har
vest
ré
duc
tion
20
08
-09
R2
R3+larv
R3+st7
R3+st14
R3+st21
R4+larv
R6+larv+st7
R6+larv+st14
R6+larv+st21
R6+larv
314
420
490
633 637
319317
245
210
157
212211
163140
105
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
AL40 + RH40 AL60 + RH60 AL80 + RH80 ALfront + RHreg ALreg + RHreg
Scenarri for areas
x 1
00
0 t
ons
R2
R3+larv
R3+st7
R3+st14
R3+st21
R4+larv
R6+larv+st7
R6+larv+st14
R6+larv+st21
R6+larv
Production decrease maize for grain(x 1000 tons/year)
Depending from
scenario
Depending from
soil conditions
More ? Contact: [email protected]
Management PerspectivesSituation
200
9=
2009=206
catches
2009=209
catches
2011=
339 catches
For 1000
traps2011=
6020
catches for
487 traps
French strategy starts after an open discussion with german colleagues in 2009
1/17
1/1
2009 2011
Management PerspectivesSituation
200
9=
2012=882
catches
For 1000
traps
2012=
5803
catches
2011=
339 catches
For 1000
traps2011=
6020
catches for
487 traps
French strategy starts after an open discussion with german colleagues in 2009
1/17
1/7
2012 2011
cypermethrine
2012
in furrow
=
performance
decrease on
early sowing?
tefluthrine 2011
in furrow
=
Performance
correct?
Management PerspectivesSituation
Agronomy on larvae: rotation: the cornerstone but in a larger area to bemore efficient. In a such surface, ½ and even 1/3 too difficult for growers,sillage production in the big milk crisis. Volunteers and poacea in spring crops may affect rotation efficacy.No physical separation between fields: affect efficacy of rotation.
Chemical on Adults: insecticides sprayed, pyrethroids, on adults risk tohave partial repellent effect, if dose decrease-what about other a.i as indoxacarbe ?-what about with attractive (cucurbitacin) ?
- what about side effect of insecticide on Ostrinia nubilalis (ECB)?
Management PerspectivesSituation
Chemical on larvae: trials in Italy and Magyar -> interesting efficacy ofpyrethroids granules (tefluthrine) in furrow :
60 –70% regular reduction adult emergence on established population
Efficacy better in case of delayed sowing date or lower population.-> delay sowing date to mid may improve efficacy and reach 80-90% andmore with low infestations.
Diabrotica virgifera virgifera:
Rotation efficacy is considered 98 % efficacy but…
Arvales: Digitaria sanguinalis, Panicum capillare, Setaria faberi, and Setaria
viridis …secondary host less efficient for larval survival.
Alternatives Hosts in field rotation
Zea mays volunteers in spring crops.
Good management but to undertake in patatoes, beets and sunflower.
Management impossible in sorghum, in soybean due to prohibition of
trifluraline.
Negative impact of those topics:
May reduce greatly rotation efficacy.
Has been observed in France by catches in fallows, soybeans ( 2007,
2008, 2009,2011) close to maize volunteers.
Management PerspectivesSituation
Most effective/pest
0,00 500 1 000 1 500 2 000
Wheat
Barley
Maize (G+F)
OSR
Sunflower
peas
Sugarbetts
patatoes
grass land
FallowsUsual crops following
corn in France:
food contaminant impact
DON-ZEA
(x1000ha)
2011 study on contaminants
in human alimentation EAT2
DON contamination is more
awareness than pesticide
residues in food in Francehttp://www.anses.fr/index.htm
Management PerspectivesSituation
Maize price in 2010 , 2011 and 2012
Maize price is the
main parameter for
economic prospective
on containment and
eradication costs
Volatility will increase
greatly in the future
for agriculture
commodities
P Chalmin
How to deal with ???
2011
2010
2012
2011
Management PerspectivesSituation
Monitoring and current spread of Diabrotica virgifera in France:
An increasing economic problem: Yes
Pest not yet present at the damage threshold
Cost is surveillance and spread prevention
Management conclusionSituation
Need of sustainable complementary tools for control and feasible solutions for farmers
French experience in control strategies against Diabrotica virgiferawere built with partnerships with Germans, Magyars and Italians
Cooperation between authorities responsible for plant health, experts and professionals allowed to share objectives and measures
consistent with sustainable agriculture.
This led to significant changes in farming practicesover very large portions of French territory.
Thank you for your attention
The end of THE world:
Certainly not
The end of A world:
Perhaps
A world of limited ressources :
Certainly
a world of limited resourcesa world of limited resources
The end of THE maize crop in EU:
Certainly not
The end of A way to grow maize:
Perhaps
A world of limited options :
Certainly
But maize crop contributes to solve A world with limited ressources.
Sustainability for this crop is the key.
We have to share it.
2012 Diabrotica