Summary Of Summary Of Developmental Developmental

TheoriesTheories

Today: add to the below note Today: add to the below note you have already taken – you have already taken –

FRIDAY MARCH 26FRIDAY MARCH 26

8 Stages of Life – Erik 8 Stages of Life – Erik EriksonErikson

Identity vs role confusion – individuals Identity vs role confusion – individuals face many decisions at adolescence: face many decisions at adolescence: what work to do, how to be a man or what work to do, how to be a man or woman, and what to believe in.woman, and what to believe in.

Resolve dilemma, individuals acquire Resolve dilemma, individuals acquire basic strength of fidelity/dependability. basic strength of fidelity/dependability. Allows them to make choices that Allows them to make choices that serve needs, strengths and interest of serve needs, strengths and interest of themselves and others. themselves and others.

8 Stages of Life8 Stages of Life

Intimacy vs isolationIntimacy vs isolation – dilemma during – dilemma during early adulthood - being able to merge your early adulthood - being able to merge your identity with someone else’s without losing identity with someone else’s without losing yourself in the process. yourself in the process.

True intimacyTrue intimacy: able to trust someone : able to trust someone enough to reveal your personal thoughts and enough to reveal your personal thoughts and feelings to him/her, it is necessary to have a feelings to him/her, it is necessary to have a true sense of who you are. true sense of who you are.

Resolve dilemmaResolve dilemma = learn to love, meaning = learn to love, meaning an overall sense of caring and generosity an overall sense of caring and generosity toward otherstoward others

8 Stages of Life 8 Stages of Life

Generativity vs StagnationGenerativity vs Stagnation – decide how to – decide how to make an individual contribution to society = make an individual contribution to society = basic strength of caring. Have children, or basic strength of caring. Have children, or “great works”. Requires fidelity and love“great works”. Requires fidelity and love

SUMMARY – tasks of early adulthood are to SUMMARY – tasks of early adulthood are to determine first who you want to be and what determine first who you want to be and what you want to do so that you are true to you want to do so that you are true to yourselfyourself

Development reflects psychological maturityDevelopment reflects psychological maturity

Theory of Ego DevelopmentTheory of Ego DevelopmentJane LoevingerJane Loevinger

Ego development begins in infancy Ego development begins in infancy with the understanding that you are an with the understanding that you are an individual separate from mother. individual separate from mother.

Teens at CTeens at Conformist Stageonformist Stage – view life – view life in black and white terms: e.g. normal, in black and white terms: e.g. normal, abnormal; right, wrong; cool or uncool. abnormal; right, wrong; cool or uncool.

Young Adults Young Adults Self Aware StageSelf Aware Stage – see – see begin to accept individual begin to accept individual differences/appreciate others as differences/appreciate others as individualsindividuals

Theory of Ego DevelopmentTheory of Ego DevelopmentJane LoevingerJane Loevinger

Summary:Summary: Psychology perspective – people Psychology perspective – people

spend a lifetime developing clear spend a lifetime developing clear sense of self – progress determined sense of self – progress determined by psychological developmentby psychological development

Interpretation of Interpretation of Development Development Klaus RiegelKlaus Riegel

Individual Psychological Dimension:Individual Psychological Dimension: emotional maturity, independence and maturity emotional maturity, independence and maturity of mental processes (decision making ability)of mental processes (decision making ability)

Individual Biological DimensionIndividual Biological Dimension: physical : physical and sexual maturityand sexual maturity

Cultural – Sociological DimensionCultural – Sociological Dimension: : expectations and opportunities that each expectations and opportunities that each society defines for individualssociety defines for individuals

Environmental DimensionEnvironmental Dimension: physical, : physical, economic, and political environment in economic, and political environment in individual livesindividual lives

Interpretation of Interpretation of Development Development Klaus RiegelKlaus Riegel

Example Example – when individuals are – when individuals are physically mature and emotionally physically mature and emotionally ready for marriage, they will marry, if ready for marriage, they will marry, if they are old enough according to they are old enough according to culture and society in which they live, culture and society in which they live, and if they can afford to live and if they can afford to live independently within economic independently within economic environment.environment.

Summary:Summary: Psych perspective Psych perspective integrated with sociology perspectiveintegrated with sociology perspective

Leonard PearlinLeonard Pearlin The individual’s path of development is The individual’s path of development is

unique in terms of timing of stressors or unique in terms of timing of stressors or role changes that require responses.role changes that require responses.

4 elements that determine path (in your 4 elements that determine path (in your notes already)notes already)

Summary:Summary: Common stresses such as Common stresses such as leaving school, starting work, getting leaving school, starting work, getting married mark transition to adulthood married mark transition to adulthood but society supports individuals in but society supports individuals in development by socializing them for development by socializing them for these events these events