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Sulphuric Acid on the WebTM Technical Manual DKL Engineering, Inc.

Sulphur Systems - Sulphur PipingSeptember 8, 2010

IntroductionPipingValvesService Conditions Molten Sulphur Steam JacketGasketsSteam Jumpers

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Sulphur PropertiesSulphur Safety

Sulphur MeltingSulphur FiltrationSulphur Storage

Sulphur Furnace

Procedures

Introduction

It is a design and operating challenge to move molten sulphur around a plant. Tokeep the sulphur molten and pumpable at the proper viscosity, all piping andequipment handling molten sulphur must be heated and insulated. Steamjacketed piping is by far the most common way of conveying molten sulphurthroughout the plant. Less common methods are steam or electrical tracing.

Piping

Jacketed piping is basically a pipe within a pipe. Molten sulphur flows in thecentral or core pipe while steam flows in the annular space formed between thetwo pipes. Sulphur piping will generally be carbon steel, seamless pipe suppliedto ASTM A106 Gr. B and/or ASTM A53 Gr. B. Standard sizes of jacketed pipefor molten sulphur are:

Core Pipe Pipe Jacket Flange

1" 2" 6" O.D. x 1" I.D.

1½" 2½" 7" O.D. x 1½" I.D.

2" 3" 7½" O.D. x 2" I.D.

3" 4" 9" O.D. x 3" I.D.

4" 6" 11" O.D. x 4" I.D.

6" 8" 13½" O.D. x 6" I.D.

8" 10" 16" O.D. x 8" I.D.

Schedule 80 pipe is recommended for pipe sizes 2" and smaller.

Schedule 40 pipe is recommended for pipe sizes larger than 2".

Valves

For on/off service, jacketed plug valves are generally used in molten sulphurservice. Two acceptable plug valves for this service are manufactured by XOMOXand Durco. Both manufacturers offer partially and fully jacketed valves. Partiallyjacketed valves provide uniform heat dissipation and is suitable for mostapplications because of the plug valve configuration and a certain amount ofinsulating effect of the PTFE sleeve. Fully jacketed valves are for maximum

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heating or cooling duties without regard to uniform heating of surfaces in contactwith the media. For molten sulphur applications, partially jacketed valves aresuitable provided insulation is maintained in good condition.

The valve body is generally cast steel with a ductile cast iron plug. The plugrotates in a PTFE sleeve that is locked in the body by raised metal lips andgrooves surrounding the body parts.

Partially jacketed valves are available in sizes from 25 mm to 300 mm (1" to 12")in the 150 lb. rating. 300 lb. rated valves are available from 25 mm to 200 mm (1"to 8") but are generally not required in most acid plant applications.

Valves smaller than 80 or 100 mm (3" or 4") will be wrench operated while largervalves are equipped with a gear operator.

XOMOX Durco

Tradename Tufline Sleeveline

Model No. (150 lb. rating)067PJ (partially jacketed)

067FJ (fully jacketed)PJG411 (partially jacketed)

FJG411 (fully jacketed)

Size Range

25 to 300 mm (1" to 12")(PJ, 150 lb)

25 to 150 mm (1" to 6")(FJ, 150 lb)

25 to 300 mm (1" to 12")(PJ, 150 lb)

25 to 150 mm (1" to 6")(FJ, 150 lb)

Service Conditions

Molten Sulphur

Piping should be designed and rated for the maximum pumpdischarge pressure. For plants operating with sulphur guns in thesulphur furnace, operating pressures can be quite high since a highspray nozzle pressure drop is required to finely atomize the sulphur.

Piping should be designed for a maximum temperature of 170ºC(338ºF).

A 2 mm corrosion allowance is recommended.

Steam Jacket

The operating pressure of the steam jacket will generally be 3.45 bar(g) (50 psig). The system will be protected from overpressure by arelief valve located on the steam header downstream of the pressurereducing station.

The jacketing pipe should be designed for a maximum temperatureof 170ºC (338ºF).

A 2 mm corrosion allowance is recommended.

Gaskets

Early piping system used 3 mm (1/8") compressed asbestos gaskets for flangedconnections. Many companies prohibit the use of asbestos so an alternativemust be used. Spiral wound gaskets to API Standard 601 made of 304 S.S. andflexible graphite are a good alternative.

Steam Jumpovers

Steam jumpovers can be hardpiped using standard carbon steelpipe fiittings, stainless steeltubing with 'Swagelok' type fittingsor flexible hoses. By far theeasiest to install and maintain areflexible hose jumpovers.

Flexible jumpovers are eitherannular or helical flexible metalhose constructed of 300 series stainless steel for the hose and outer braid.

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Flexible jumpovers can also be obtained pre-insulated. Hoses come in standardlengths of 560, 760 and 1220 mm ( 22", 30" and 48"). Diameters of hose are 13,19 and 25 mm (1/2", 3/4" and 1") diameter.

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