Issues and Life Science

Unit A: Studying People Scientifically

Mr. FordeScofield Magnet MS

2014 - 2015

Activity .5: Sept. 3, 2014

Getting Started: Write 2 – 3 things that you think would keep science class safe.

Procedure:

1) Review the science lab rules with the class 2) Form a team of two and think of a science rule that you would like to illustrate as a team.3) Review the rubric for your first science grade.3) Check in with Mr. Forde to get the OK to get started on a rule to create.4) Start creating the poster that you will present tomorrow!

Homework…. Have the science safety contract signed and returned by tomorrow!

Let’s Save Poor Fred!

Activity 1: Saving FredSept. 8, 2014

Getting Started: Write 2 - 3 sentences describing problem you solved revently and how you solved it

Introduction: Read and summarize pg. A-4 in one sentence.

Key Words: Hypothesis, Scientific Method

Procedure: Write a procedure for SAVING FRED with your partners and complete it for HW on Monday 9/8.

Homework for Tuesday 9/9: Answer Analysis Questions 1 – 4 on page A6 – A7.

Reflection: People face problems in their lives every day. What did you learn from this activity that you can use to solve other problems? How do you think this compares with how scientists solve problems?

Activity 2: The Pellagra StorySeptember 9/10, 2013

Getting Started: List 2 things that scientists could do to learn more about a disease and its cause or causes?

Introduction: We read the intro.

Challenge: What are the common elements of all scientific problem-solving methods?

Key Words: ethics, evidence, inference, observation

Results: See Worksheets Fill in “Notes on the Pellagra Story” sheet Complete “Observation and Inference” sheet Compare “Dr. Goldberger and the Traditional Scientific Method’

<<Video Link -- http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/odys08.sci.life.gen.pellagra/pellagra/>>

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 1a, 1b, 2a, (homework)

Reflection: Choose two careers that interest you (police officer, nurse, teacher, scientist, etc.) and describe the kids of problems they face in their careers and how they solve them.

Hypothesis: An educated guess

Scientific Method: Steps that scientists use to complete their work.

Ethics: Looking at what is right and wrong

Evidence: Info that is collected to see if something is true.

Inference: A conclusion based on evidence

Observation: Looking at something carefully.

Key Words:

Should a prisoner who participated in Dr. Goldberger’s experiment on Pallegra be allowed to be released

from prison?

Activity 12: What’s Happening Inside?September 14 - 16, 2014

Getting Started: List as many human organs as you can.

Introduction: Read and summarize pg. B-10 in 2 sentences.

Challenge: What do you know about organs and organ systems of the human body?

Key Words:

System- A group of related parts that work together

Organ- a structure made of tissues that perform an important body function (job).

Organ System- a group of organs that work together to perform an important body function (job).

RACE:

Is the Human Body an amazing machine?

Procedure: Have you read and do you understand the procedure for part A pg. B11-B12 together? Write two sentences that describes what you will be doing.

Results: Part A: Copy questions from part A “laying it out” Part B: Write your grouped organs in your notebook Complete student sheet 12.1 sheet Part D: student sheet 12.2a and 12.2b

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 1,2, 5 and 6.

Reflection: What new things have you learned about the human body in this activity?

cardiovascular system, cell, digestive system, excretory system, function, muscular system, nervous system, organ, reproductive system, respiratory system, skeletal system, structure, system (body system)

Activity 5: Can you feel the difference?September

Getting Started: Discuss designing an experiment. (Watch PBS Video- http://pbskids.org/dragonflytv/show/basketball.html)

Introduction: Read and summarize pg. A-20 in one/two sentences.

Challenge: What is the smallest distance apart at which you can still feel two points?

Key Words: variables, control variables, sample size, sensitivity

Procedure: We will read the procedures on pg. A21 - A23 together.

Results: See sheet

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 1, 3, 4a, 4b and 6.

Reflection: How would you create an experiment to test a person’s sensitivity to sound?

Activity 5: Paper Shots

Getting Started: Discussion “How would you set-up a basketball shooting experiment?” (Watch PBS Video- http://pbskids.org/dragonflytv/show/basketball.html)

Challenge: What are the variables of a well designed experiment?

Key Words: Control Variable, Dependent Variable, Independent Variable

Procedure: Each student shoots a paper ball 10x at 12 tiles to collect data.

Data Table:

Names # of shots made

Control Variable- Those things you keep the same in an experiment.

Dependent Variable- D = data, Data you are collecting in your experiment.

Independent Variable- The change you are making (studying) in an experiment.

Variables-

Control Variables-

Dependent Variables

Independent Variables

Sample size:

Sensitivity:

Key Words:

Activity 6: Finding the NerveSeptember 16, 2013

Getting Started: What and where are your 5 senses?

Challenge: Why do different parts of the body have different sensitivities to touch?

Key Words: Homeostasis, Nerves, Nervous System, Neuron,

Procedure: Let’s read together. You will complete the stopping to think questions at each section in your binder.

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 1 - 4

Nerves – a bundle of nerve cells

Neuron- a nerve cell Nervous System- Your brain, spinal cord and nerves.

Homeostasis- the ability to maintain a steady environment.

Key Words:

Activity 14: BreakdownOctober 1 - 3, 2014

Introduction: Read p B-19 and describe the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion.

Challenge: What are the common elements of all scientific problem-solving methods?

Key Words: chemical breakdown, mechanical breakdown, surface area

Challenge: Why is it important to chew your food?

Procedure: Design an experiment on digestion and have the following in your notebook:•Title•Purpose•Variable being tested (Indep. Variable)•Procedure•Hypothesis•Variables we are keeping the same

Results: •Data on data chart (in notebook) from your original experiment.

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 1 - 3

•Title: Breakdown - Part B.

•Problem: What effect does •Variable being tested (Indep. Variable):

•Hypothesis: If….. then….. because

•Variables we kept the same(Control Variables)

•Procedure:Step 1-

Results: ______ sec.

Observations:

Activity 15: Digestion: An Absorbing TaleOctober , 2014

Getting Started: Do question 1 on student sheet 15.1 (Burrito) on back 1/2 of page.

Challenge: How does your digestion system work?

Key Words:

Absorb (absorption)- moving of nutrients from the digestive system to your blood

Nutrients: completely broken down food

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 2 an3 for HW (discuss 4 and 6 in class)

Reflection: Sheet 15.1

Villi

Digestive system organs:Mouth- teeth and tongue – mechanical digestion          - saliva – chemical digestion (starches)

Esophagus- connects mouth to stomach                  - wave like motion

Stomach- churns foods- mechanical digestion              - powerful acid – chemical digestion of proteins

Liver and Pancreas- sprays digestive juices onto the foodas it leaves the stomach to digest fats and reduce acidity.

Small Intestine- Site of MOST chemical digestion; Villi absorbnutrients here

Large Intestine- Solid waste formed and water reabsorbed.

Activity 13: Living With Your LiverOctober , 2014

Getting Started: What do you know about your liver? (one sentence)

Challenge: How does your liver help to keep your body in balance?

Keywords: (vocab section) Structure- the way in which parts are arranged

Function- job

Regulate- to control the rate or speed of something

Toxin- a poison that is harmful to the human body

Procedure: Read, Annotate and RACE the liver article.

Activity 16: Support System: Bones, Joints and MusclesOctober 2014

Introduction: Read intro on pg. B28

Challenge: How do the structures in a chicken wing or a human arm enable it to perform its function?

Key Words: Bone- a tissue made of bone cells surrounded by calcium phosphate.

Cartilage- a slippery tissue located at the ends of bones, your ears and the tip of your nose.

Joint- a location where two bones meet

Ligament- tissue that connects Bone to Bone.

Tendon- Tissue that connects Muscle to Bone.

Procedure: Part A: Complete the reading Part B: the dissection of the chicken wing

Results: Part A: complete analysis questions 1 - 5 pg B-37 Part B: Do steps 13 and 14 on pg B-30

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 1 and 2 pg. b-31

The functions (Jobs) of the bones:

1)Protection- (rib cage, skull etc.)

2)Support

3)Production of blood cells in marrow (Center part of long/flat bones)

4)Movement (with skeletal muscles)

5)Mineral Storage (Calcium)

Activity 17: Gas ExchangeOctober , 2014

Getting Started: Complete the anticipation guide 17.1 “before”

Challenge: How much carbon dioxide is in your exhaled breath?

Key Words: Indicator – are chemicals that change their appearance in different solutions.

Respiratory System – the body system that allows you to take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide.-----------------------------------------------

Procedure: Have you read and do you understand the procedure for part A on pg. B39-B40? Write two sentences that describe what you will be doing.

Results: Part A results- create this chart.

Part B- ______ - number of drop it took to match the BTB control color.

Analysis: Part B- Answer Analysis Questions 3 - 7 pg. B43

Reflection: If you had pneumonia, which limits your ability to take exchange oxygen, how do you think you would feel?

CUP Initial BTB color

Final BTB color

After Adding

Sodium hydroxide

A (control) X

B (air) X

C (sodium hydroxide)

X

D (exhaled breath 1)

E (exhaled breath 2)

RACE: R— Re-state question

A— Answer question

--------------------------------------------------C— Cite Evidence “ I know this because……”

E— Expand answer“This tells me that……..”

Challenge: How can you quantitatively measure your level of fitness?

Key Words: Pulse

Procedure: Follow along on pages B51 - B52

Results: •What do you predict your resting heart rate will be per minute? _________beats/min•After moderate exercise what will your heart rate be per minute? _________beats/min

Use data sheet 19.1 “Pulse Data” for all additional data.

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 1 - 3 pg. b52 - b53. (HW q 4 pg b-53

Feel the Beat! (Embedded Task)October 28 and 30, 2013

Getting Started: Think of two different activities that might impact your heart rate? (Be creative… it doesn’t have to be exercise.)

Introduction: We will be using inquiry think sheets to design our own original “Feel the beat” experiments!

Pulse- the throbbing of arteries as blood is pushed through them by the heart

Circulatory System- the system that circulates blood around your body.

Respiratory System- the body system that allows you to take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide.

Activity 18: The Circulation GameNovember 13, 2013

Introduction: Read pg. B-45 and discuss with class.

Challenge: What does the blood do as it travels around the body?

Key Words: Cardiovascular System (circulatory system)- made up of the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries that transport blood around the body.

Vein- A vessel that returns blood to the heart

Artery- a vessel that carries blood away from the heart

Capillaries- Very tiny blood vessels that connect arteries to veins. They deliver Oxygen to the tissues.

Key Words: Cardiovascular System

Procedure: Do part A on pg B46 - B47 and discuss with your team. Do part B on pg B48 and play or observe the game.

Results:

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 1 - 6.

Activity 21: Inside a pump?November 14 , 2013

Getting Started: When we played the circulation game did blood travel in more than one direction?

Introduction: Read intro on pg. B59

Challenge: What type of pump is better for pumping water? What does this tell you about the structure of your heart?

Procedure: Experiment with both types of bulbs and try and make them work like your heart might.

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 1,2, and 3.

Reflection: What new things have you learned about the heart in this activity?

Activity 22: The Heart a Muscle?November 18, 2013

Getting Started: If your heart beats 70 times per minute, how many times does it beat in a day? Show your work.

Introduction: Read intro. page B-62

Challenge: How can you measure how hard the heart works?

Procedure: See page B-63

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 2, 3 and 4

Reflection: What new things have you learned about the heart in this activity?

STEM Activity: Working heart or lung model.November 12

Getting Started: Describe a few ways you can you create a model of the heart or lungs?

Introduction:You will be challenged to plan and develop a model or the heart or lung.

Engineering Design Cycle

Activity 23: HEART PARTSNovember 19 , 2013

Getting Started: How is the heart designed to force blood to flow in one direction?

Intro: Read intro on page B-65

Challenge: How does your heart work as a double pump?

Key Words: Atrium- a chamber in which blood enters the heartVentricle- a chamber in which blood is pumped to the lungs or body,Valves: a device that controls the flow of a liquid.

Results: Answer Stopping to Think questions in notebook.

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 1, 2 and 4.

Activity 25: Healing the Heart Homework

Getting Started: Do you know someone who has had a heart problem? What is it?

Challenge: What are some risks in developing new treatments for heart problems?

Procedure: Do the reading pg. B-73 - B-76

Results: Complete three level reading guide and timeline sheet.

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 1 - 5.

Activity 27: The Pressure’s OnOptional

Getting Started: hat kind of heart problems have you heard of? How do they effect the heart?

Challenge: What are the effects of high blood pressure on the heart?

Key Words: blood pressure

Procedure: Have you read and do you understand the procedure on pg. B83 -B84? Write two sentences that describe what you will be doing.

Results: Complete the blood pressure data sheet.

Analysis: p. B-84 analysis question 3 in your notebook

Activity 28: Heart ProblemsNovember 17 , 2010Optional

Getting Started:

Introduction: Read and summarize pg. B-10 in 2 sentences.

Challenge: What causes a heart attack or stroke?

Key Words: Coronary Arteries, Risk Factors

Procedure: Read the passage together and use the “problems of the heart” sheet.

Results: Answer the “stopping to think” questions below.

Analysis: p. B-89 analysis questions 1 and 2 in your notebook

Reflection: What can you do to improve or maintain the health of your heart?

Activity 29: Helping HeartsOptional Project

Getting Started: Take the heart risk quiz.

Introduction: Are there healthy choices you can make to help your heart?

Challenge: What is your relative risk of heart disease? How can you convince people to make choices hat reduce their level of risk?

Key Words: voluntary

Procedure: Have your team take the heart risk quiz and decide which items are voluntary.

Results: Part A: Take the healthy choices quiz and determine which are voluntary.

Part B: Write your “Make Healthy Decisions” Brochure!

Notebook Quiz #2 Question 1: What is the challenge question of activity 13? Question 2: What is the definition of the word “Nutrients”? Question 3: What is the name of Activity 14? Question 4: List 5 digestive system organs. (activity 15) Question 5: What are 4 jobs of the bones? (activity 16) Question 6: What is the definition of the word “Capillaries”? Question 7: On what date did we do Activity 22? Question 8: What is the getting started question of activity 23?

Activity 21: Inside a pump?November 5 , 2010

Getting Started: When we played the circulation game did blood travel in more than one direction?

Introduction: Read and summarize pg. B-10 in 2 sentences.

Challenge: What do you know about organs and organsystems of the human body?

Key Words: cardiovascular system, cell, digestive system, excretory system, function, muscular system, nervous system, organ, reproductive system, respiratory system, skeletal system, structure, system (body system)

Procedure: Have you read and do you understand the procedure for part A pg. B11-B12 together? Write two sentences that describes what you will be doing.

Results: Part A: Copy questions from part A “laying it out” Part B: Write your grouped organs in your notebook Complete student sheet 12.1 sheet Part C: Clay model Part D: student sheet 12.2a and 12.2b

Analysis: Answer Analysis Questions 1,2, 5 and 6.

Reflection: What new things have you learned about the human body in this activity?

In your opinion, which risk factor do you believe contributes the most to heart disease?