Study of Flashflood Monitoring and Early Warning System ... · Study of Flashflood Monitoring . and...

Study of Flashflood Monitoring and Early Warning System

using M2M and Cloud Computing Technology (J2)

Final Activity and Accounting Report

August 03, 2015

Information and Communications Department of Quang Nam Province Ministry of Information and Communications

Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology VIETNAM

Waseda University KDDI foundation

JAPAN

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Vietnam.svg

Can APT HRD Programme for Exchange of ICT Researchers and Engineers 2013 Study of Flashflood Monitoring and Early Warning System using M2M

and Cloud Computing Technology (J2)

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INDEX 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ 4

2. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 5

1-1. NAME OF THIS PROJECT ........................................................................................................................ 5 1-2. OBJECTIVES .......................................................................................................................................... 5 1-3. CURRENT STATUS ................................................................................................................................. 7 1-4. PURPOSE OF THIS PROJECT ................................................................................................................... 8 1-5. PARTNERS IN THIS PROJECT .................................................................................................................. 9 1-6. MILESTONE (SIGNIFICANT PHASES) IN PROPOSAL ................................................................................ 11 1-7. EXPECTED OUTPUT AND CONTRIBUTION .............................................................................................. 11 1-8. APPROVED BUDGET BY APT ................................................................................................................ 14

3. GENERAL INFORMATION OF COUNTY AND LOCATION ............................................................. 15

4. ROUGH PLAN AT PROPOSAL ............................................................................................................ 16

5. ACTIVITIES TIMELINE OF OUR PROJECT ..................................................................................... 17

6. KICKOFF AND SITE SURVEY ............................................................................................................ 18

7. RESEARCH/STUDY AND DISCUSSION IN JAPAN .......................................................................... 21

8. PROTOTYPE DEVELOPMENT AND EXPERIMENT ........................................................................ 24

9. INSTALLATION AND EXPERIMENTATION OF “SENSOR, M2M, CLOUD AND WARNING SYSTEM” ....................................................................................................................................................... 27

10. EVALUATION AND PRESENTATION ............................................................................................. 29

11. ACCOUNTING (FINAL STATUS) .................................................................................................... 33

12. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION .................................................................................... 35

13. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................................... 36

14. ANNEX: .............................................................................................................................................. 38

1-1. ACCOUNTING REPORT ......................................................................................................................... 38 1-2. EXPERIMENTAL REPORT FOR DEVELOPING THE M2M DEVICE WITH SENSOR .................................... 38 1-3. SITE SURVEY AND DISCUSSION (MINUTES) ......................................................................................... 50 1-4. SERVER DESCRIPTION AND USER GUIDE FOR M2M SYSTEM FOR FLASH FLOOD EARLY

WARNING .................................................................................................................................................... 56



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1-5. CURRENT STATUS OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN VIETNAM .................................................. 70 1-6. VIETNAMESE LAW ON DISASTERS PREVENTION ................................................................................. 72 1-7. SPEECHES AT THE EVALUATION WORKSHOP ........................................................................ 73 1-8. ADF PRESENTATION ........................................................................................................................... 78



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1. Executive Summary Climate change is recent well-known cause of disaster, but also deforestation notably affects how often and how big of disaster come in rural area. In recent decade, county of Vietnam is rapidly developing into even rural area. Thus, because of the loss of forest, there is a large rain storm in the mountain side, normally a flashflood will occur very often. Depending on the different heavy rains and the hilly terrains, the speed and the devastation of flashfloods are also different. When the flashflood comes there is almost no time for the people to evacuate. Unfortunately, at present there is no flashflood warning system in those places. As a result, local residents around these areas suffer from the heavy loss of houses, crops, cattle, money and even their lives. This project will focus on ICT solutions for flashflood management and early warning to the people around the areas. To be more specific, it will use M2M and the cloud computing technology to detect flashflood at the upstream, where the flash flood normally begins. The sensor will measure the flow speed and water level at the upstream and store the data with some interval. The data will be collected on the placement of the sensor locations and send back to a server. A warning system on the server will analyze the information and give warning alarm to the local governments and people to evacuate to safe places. By placing the sensor at the upstream, hopefully, the affected areas will be given more than 30 minutes of preparation time. The data will be sent to the cloud for statistical collection for other assessments, so that the Local Government can has the damage estimation as well as the width of the danger areas. The outcome of the project is to provide the Local Government and the population with the needed tools to monitor and early warn the disaster. We can reduce the damage level which the flashflood causes Refer to above summary in our proposal, after many discussion and development of device, we are now considering followings; 1. Regarding the warning period (in proposal, about 30minutes), we can warn downstream bridge for

about 5 minutes (depending on the water speed), but for the village itself, because we can place at about 200m apart (if longer we will need relays) then the warning period will be very short (we can improve this time by lowering the threshold for the water level, for example we can start warning when the water level is 2m), so in essence it can be done

2. Regarding warning, we can use a light (and maybe a horn), currently just the horn.



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2. Introduction 1-1. NAME OF THIS PROJECT

Study of Flashflood Monitoring and Early Warning System using M2M and Cloud Computing Technology (J2)

Reference: APT ref.: APT/J2J3/Result/App 26 March 2014

1-2. OBJECTIVES

The main objective of this project is to use ICT tools, in this case the M2M technology and cloud computing, to help people in the flashflood affected areas to get early warning. People will know the risk and have time to evacuate to safe areas. The information provided by the system will assist people in the fight against dangerous disaster in four main aspects: - Raising awareness of local government and people about the dangers of deforestation as well as how essential the prevention of flashflood is. - Providing the people with intuitive and detailed information about the risk and severity of damage, the dangerous areas, then, the government and people will have emergency treatments. - Warning various levels of risk when there are heavy rains and flash floods directly by the system alarm with the loud sound and light, as well as. - Through data collection and analysis and the application will report by SMS or email using the M2M technology and cloud computing. - Statistical collection and the extent of annual flashfloods provided from cloud computing are very important for the local government and meteorological center. The project will bring direct benefits to people living in affected areas of flashflood. Then it gives the information for meteorological center about disaster prevention, and finally the necessary information is provided to local governments in planning for farming, fishing effectively.



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In particular, the project will show the relationship between rainfall, the harmful effects of uncontrolled deforestation and the level of damage flashflood causing. Since then, the local government will propose measures to effectively prevent disasters. Moreover, the project will develop a new approach, a new way in warning and monitoring the disaster using the modern technologies to protect the environment and human in Vietnam.

The projects will include the following activities: - Survey the weather conditions of hilly areas in Quang Nam province. - Survey the slope of mountains, the density of trees in the mountains. - Survey the solutions of the government in dealing with flashflood problems as

well as their effectiveness. - Survey the solution for flashflood problems in advanced countries like Japan. - Research on how the solutions from Japan can be applied to Vietnam, considering

the differences in the weather conditions, geological conditions and vegetational cover, sustainable costs etc.

- Use the M2M technology and cloud computing that are suitable with the disaster, with the appropriate power solution for the sensor.

- Install, experimentally and practically, the server and the application for processing the information from the M2M technology and cloud computing, and the application to send SMS and emails to registered users when the water lever or the flow speed is higher than a certain threshold.

- Test the capability for information collection, and information processing capability of the server against the information collected

- Install the client systems for local government and populations to view various

information from the servers

Through our preliminary researches, we found that there is a most effective topology to monitor and warn the flashflood. We will put the sensors at the most suitable place at the upstream where the water level and flow velocity will be measured accurately and quickly. People living in the mountainous areas will be notified as quickly as possible by a local government to promptly evacuate to the safe areas.



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1-3. CURRENT STATUS

It is believed that having a tropical monsoon type of climate with high temperature and humidity,

Vietnam inherits a diversity of organisms, fertile soil, which brings many advantages for agriculture.

However, we suffer from many natural disasters such as heavy rains, storm, floods ... every year as a

other side of the problem. In terms of terrain, hilly areas occupied three-quarters area of the country.

It is notable that deforestation, forest fires, especially deforestation at the upstream areas are the

factors leading to the flash floods. Because it happened so fast, causing serious damage to people

and the properties of them as well as the government’s infrastructure.

According to our preliminary statistics, every year there

are dozens of flash floods in the mountainous provinces

of our country. The main cause of the flooding is heavy

rainfall on steep hill areas. In addition, the low coverage

of vegetation led to rain water accumulated quickly and

flashflood happens in the downstream.

- Frequency of flashflood: as a consequence of the high average rainfall, the large annual

flashfloods can occur repeatedly in the same location. So, it causes horrible damage.

- Time appearance: in the rainy season or immediately after a heavy rain period. It may come

regardlessly in day or at night and not have any warning sign for local residents.

- The destruction: the flow and the speed of flashfloods were incredible high, it’s potential energy

swept all obstacles on the way of its motion. The houses collapsed, furniture floated, poultries

and pets died, crops submerged, public infrastructures such as hospitals, schools, office buildings

were heavily damaged, landslides, canals and bridges, roads were damaged, too. It is claimed

that the most serious problem is many resident’s lives were taken.

Permanent damage: each flashflood left many unexpected consequences :

- Local residents need to resettle. There is a range of urgent issues couldn’t be done without the

government’s policies such as providing emergency food, fresh water, repairing or rebuilding

houses and treatment with disease. Sometime local government’s funds are not sufficient to solve

all problems.

- The public buildings such as schools, hospitals, roads and bridges need to be rebuilt or

refurbished to serve the people. Crops, wheat should be planted. Pets, cattle need to be raised

again.



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- Improving the environment: source of water was polluted, garbage was everywhere, soil nutrient

drifted, disease increased. Local government was demanded their best efforts to create a clean

environment as before.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a system to monitor and early warning flashflood in

mountainous areas to evacuate the people and properties. One promising candidate is to use M2M

and cloud computing technologies.

Sensors measure the water level and velocity sensors are used to identify early flashflood. M2M

technology will help people get information and early warning sensors and have time to evacuate.

This project will bring the necessary and useful information from cloud computing to support

disaster monitoring and early warning.

Same place, but much different between right one and others. According to the geometrical, few hours.

During flood, local people are carelessly fishing.

1-4. PURPOSE OF THIS PROJECT

The collaborative research project is aimed at promoting the mutual understanding of specific problems in both countries, Vietnam and Japan, regarding the application of ICT in monitoring and early warning disaster. It supports the building of researchers and engineers in ICT in Vietnam and Japan through the exchange and share of knowledge and experience. This will be done through a face-to-face discussion, field examination and the exchange of new ideas and technical know-how among researchers and engineers in the two APT member countries.



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Through mutual exchange of human resource and collaborations, both side (Japan and Vietnam) can acquire various experiences. Japanese researchers/engineers will have more concrete knowledge on environment policies and the use of ICT in environment monitoring in a less developed country like Vietnam. Another gain for Japanese side is that the successful implementation of the project will open new horizons for Japanese institutes and companies to develop and produce new products and systems on disaster monitoring and prevention solutions based on M2M technology and cloud computing that are optimized for Vietnam and other APT member countries. For the Vietnamese side, the members of the project will be able to learn about how to prevent the disaster in Japan. Because Japan is a beautiful country but often suffers from the most severe natural disaster in the world, but Japan has not stopped growing to the first row in the fields of economy, science and technology. The knowledge and experience on disaster prevention to holdup the economic development will be shared with researchers Vietnam. Through this project, the Vietnamese researchers/engineers will also have opportunities to study advance ICT system that are not only use to monitor disaster, but also the current status of the advancement of ICT in general, as well as how they can be use to improve the life of the people. Furthermore, through this project, we can further promote the international collaboration activities among the Asia – Pacific member countries in research of ICT solutions for disaster monitoring and early warning in the future.

1-5. PARTNERS IN THIS PROJECT

Applicant: Mr. Ho Quang Buu Information and Communications Department of

Quang Nam Province

Project Coordinator: Dr. Dang Hoai Bac and Dr. Vu Truong Thanh

Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology

Accounting Coordinator: Mr. Yosuke Uchiyama

KDDI Foundation



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Organization

Vietnam:

Information and Communications Department of Quang Nam Province

Nam Tra My Commune

Ministry of Information and Communications

Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology

Japan: Waseda University

(Global Information and telecommunication Studies)

KDDI Foundation

The collaborative research project is aimed at promoting the mutual understanding of specific

problems in both countries, Vietnam and Japan, regarding the application of ICT in monitoring

and early warning disaster. It supports the building of researchers and engineers in ICT in

Vietnam and Japan through the exchange and share of knowledge and experience. This will be

done through a face-to-face discussion, field examination and the exchange of new ideas and

technical know-how among researchers and engineers in the two APT member countries.

Through mutual exchange of human resource and collaborations, both side (Japan and Vietnam)

can acquire various experiences. Japanese researchers/engineers will have more concrete

knowledge on environment policies and the use of ICT in environment monitoring in a less

developed country like Vietnam.

Another gain for Japanese side is that the successful implementation of the project will open new

horizons for Japanese institutes and companies to develop and produce new products and

systems on disaster monitoring and prevention solutions based on M2M technology and cloud

computing that are optimized for Vietnam and other APT member countries.

For the Vietnamese side, the members of the project will be able to learn about how to prevent

the disaster in Japan. Because Japan is a beautiful country but often suffers from the most

severe natural disaster in the world, but Japan has not stopped growing to the first row in the

fields of economy, science and technology. The knowledge and experience on disaster prevention

to holdup the economic development will be shared with researchers Vietnam.

Through this project, the Vietnamese researchers/engineers will also have opportunities to study

advance ICT system that are not only use to monitor disaster, but also the current status of the

advancement of ICT in general, as well as how they can be use to improve the life of the people.



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Furthermore, through this project, we can further promote the international collaboration

activities among the Asia – Pacific member countries in research of ICT solutions for disaster

monitoring and early warning in the future.

1-6. MILESTONE (SIGNIFICANT PHASES) IN PROPOSAL

1-7. EXPECTED OUTPUT AND CONTRIBUTION

(1) Raising awareness of the authorities of Vietnam on the capability and advantages of using ICT solutions in solving disaster problem in the future.

(2) Designing and implementing a M2M system that can gather information on disaster status, practically.

(3) Installing an informational web server that can process the information gathering from M2M system. This server will allow the users to view the status



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of the water level and flow speed at the upstream, as well as other information that are deemed to be useful to them.

(4) An alerting system that can alert the government and citizens if the water level and flow speed are higher than a threshold that can make the flashflood occurs. This alert can be sent through either SMS or emails.

(5) Study of installation and deployment of monitoring system in future.

(6) Building a group of expert on developing ICT solutions for monitoring and early warning of the flashflood in Vietnam.

(7) Useful information regarding the use of ICT solutions for monitoring and early warning of the flashflood to other APT member countries. 1. Signifying the importance and role of ICT solutions in sustainable

development and industrialization in developing countries: Disasters are the most difficult natural problems that many countries face. Most are in the process of economic development and industrialization; humans inadvertently make it more dangerous. Natural disasters cause the most damage to many people. But most of us just tolerate it passively. Especially the flashflood problem and it appears so fast, meteorological center also difficult to predict. The use of information technology solutions will provide residents the monitoring tools and early warning of natural disasters. People will actively deal with natural disasters, local governments will take more action to reduce disaster losses to a minimum.

2. Raising Awareness of the benefit and Encouraging the use of ICT in rural and

underprivileged areas to Encourage Broadband and ICT Investment This project allows the dissemination of information on natural disasters through the use of ICT technologies such as emails or SMS. This also encourages citizens to use ICT applications for more detailed information on natural disasters, weather forecast by accessing the web services more frequently.

On the other hand, because the price of ICT services is becoming much cheaper, so more and more people in the rural can afford. However, not so



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many services are suitable for rural citizens exist, which is one of the main reasons why ICT services penetration in rural area is still low. We strongly believe that monitoring environment using ICT can be a candidate for “killer application” to promote the use and therefore investment of ICT services including broadband access in rural area, because the environment is very important in rural area for both their health as well as their environment-dependent business activities such as fishing or planting.

3. Strengthening International Cooperation for Capacity Building and HRD

This project will be a bridge to combine the expertise and knowledge of Japanese and Vietnamese researchers and engineers to solve a real problem. The researchers and engineers can exchange and share their knowledge and experience, new ideas and technical know-how, etc. Through this process, the tie between Japanese and Vietnamese researchers will be strengthen and mutual understanding of working culture can be reached, so that more effective and smoother cooperation in general between Japanese and Vietnamese experts can be carried out in the future.

On the other hand, this project will also give a chance of capacity building to the Vietnamese and Japanese researchers and engineers in the field of ICT and enhances the sustainable development of ICT through effective collaboration and coordination. This project will provide Vietnamese experts with more information on latest technologies and trends on ICT solutions for environment protection from Japan, as well as how to implement these solutions. On the other hand, Japanese experts can learn from the real problems and difficulties that are preventing the development of ICT in developing countries, so that they can design and manufacture more suitable solutions for developing countries. Moreover, with the strong human resources of this project, we can expect that the results of the project can be shared and disseminated with other APT members through various human network and international workshops and forum etc. And because many APT member countries are also facing to the disaster as an inevitable problem, the result of the project will provide valuable information to them, and at a result we can further promote the international collaboration activities among APT member countries and possible joint activities in the field of disaster monitoring and early warning.



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1-8. APPROVED BUDGET BY APT

Refer to the selection letter from APT Travel expense 15,600.00US$ Daily allowance expenses and shipping fee 12,578.00 US$ Correspondence expense and shipping fee 950.00 US$ Equipment purchase expense 26,400.00 US$ Miscellaneous 400.00 US$

Total amount 55,928.00 US$



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3. General Information of county and location Quang Nam is located in the middle of Central Vietnam and is surrounded by Thua Thien-Hue, Quang Ngai, and Kon Tum provinces. The Truong Son Mountains, Laos, and the East Sea also border the province. Quang Nam has 14 districts and 2 townships, in there is has 8 highland districts is Đông Giang, Tây Giang, Nam Giang, Nam Tra My, Bac Tra My, Phuoc Sơn, Hiep Duc và Tien Phuoc. Natural area is 10.406,83 km2 , population is about 1.5 million people, which inspires the development of Quang Nam’s economy. In the near future will join with system connect all countries in South East Asia area road, create favorable location for Quảng Nam province about exchanging economy with outside.

Nam Tra My, Quang Nam province, Vietnam At meteorological office, they have so many observation points in north but very few in Quan Nam. VS.



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4. Rough plan at proposal Our whole System will be consisted with sensors (Detecting water speed and amount, etc.), M2M for gathering real time data from sensor devices, processing the data for warning system, and warning(Alarm) system as proposed.

Sensor/field server Forecast Other Monitoring Geometrical data

Local government

LAN or

Internet

Cloud Computing

Internet

Warning

M2M technology



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5. Activities timeline of our project 1. Preparation

- Document Preparation - Preliminary research and study - Formation/Work-Flow

2. Discussion of kickoff and Site Survey

- Kickoff meeting and Site Survey - Research on laws and policies on disaster prevention - Research on the geometrical characteristics of the installation location for the M2M technology and cloud computing. - Preliminary network and system design - Meeting/discussion about design, rule and research and study of Disaster ( Flood) and its management

3. Development and Installation

Development - Design of system using M2M technology and cloud computing for disaster monitoring and early warning in Vietnam. - Preparing the manual on Operation, Administration and Maintenance of M2M system and cloud computing. - Preparations of interim report - Purchase of the equipment and shipping (export and import) for the system - Submission of interim project Installation and Evaluation - Installation M2M system, cloud computing and server application for disaster monitoring and early warning in Vietnam - Trial operation and collecting operation data - Training on the Operation, Administration and Maintenance of the M2M system, cloud computing and server application for local technicians. - Handover of the manual on the Operation, Administration and Maintenance of the M2M system, cloud computing and server application. - Evaluation of the installation and training. - Collecting data on the operation of the network for fine-tuning of the system. - Evaluation of the trials and discussion of future direction - Workshop, demonstration



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4. Reporting Interim Activity and Accounting Preparation of Final Report Submission of the Final Report (Presentation in ADF)

6. Kickoff and site survey

Kickoff meeting and site survey together with Vietnam team and Japanese team were carried out in middle of July, 2014. Main activities are: 1. Agreement of start this project with collaboration and cooperation 2. Introduction of practical site information and M2M technology and device of this

sensor and alarm system. 3. Site survey and discussion with local government and residence people about disaster

with result in past, requirement, and role and responsibility of each party 4. Discussion with local MIC of Quang Nam province regarding how to sustain the

system and operation 5. Visit and discussion/share the situation about disaster and its management at relevant

organization in national government More detail is refer to annex



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Basic diagram of sensor and M2M device ( Gathering sensoring data and transmit data to server)

Practical experiment location in Quang Nam province Mountain Area Elementary school nearby Small village at towhead



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Planned Location and place for each device

Photo 1

Photo 2 Photo 3 Sensors

Village

M2M IF

Alarm (warning system)

School

Bridge

School

Server at Nam Tra My

X Weather station

X Weather station Upper Stream

Server, DICT at Quang Nam Province

Lower stream

River Bridge

movie

Cloud systen

Photo 1 Photo 2 Photo 3 At Survey in ordinary day

Same location: During flooding even beside of place someone died, some people were catching fish, some children were playing.



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7. Research/Study and Discussion in JAPAN

After some development of device, we had discussion and research/study in Tokyo, Japan. 1. Discussion of Installation 2. Workshop regarding disaster and

management system in Waseda University

3. Our project device and development

4. Discussion with MIC Japan regarding Japanese strategy and trend

5. Site visit and share the control and management method regarding flood disaster at ICHARM, Tsukuba.

6. Study of Device and technology in Market by Fujitsu

Due to conjunction of the many event in Waseda University, we discussed and got conclusion of period of installation in Vietnam. Our joint installation with Japanese team and Vietnam team will be carried in around end of March, when those events in university will be very few. And Vietnam team will completed development of system and take part of installation before this joint installation. Back-to-back with installation, we are considering, evaluation and presentation will be carried out following the installation.



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Workshop at Waseda University (Disaster management and its sensor/M2M device Vietnam team and Japanese team presented At Ministry of Interior and Communications ICHARM at Tsukuba Presentation of Cloud Services by Fujitsu Meeting in one of days at KDDI building



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ICHARM and basic metholodogy for forcasting flood based on accumulation of data Development Report at Tokyo meeting by Vietnam team (PTIT)



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8. Prototype development and experiment The overall design of the system for the project was depicted in the figure below:

Figure: System layout The communication model is depicted in the following figure

Figure: Communication model



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The gateway receives data from sensor nodes over RF 2.4GHz Gateway sends command to node request node to send data back to gateway with command

“TIME:x” Node sends the data after x seconds to gateway

It then sends data to the server over HTTP/GPRS. It also receive command from server to change data retrieval frequency, as well as warning activating command The sensor node will receive command from gateway to send data and then sends data to gateway over RF 2.4GHz The Alarm node receive request to turn on or off alarm from server via SMS as a result of calculation by the server.

Figure: Hardware structure of a hardware node

The system will support warning various levels of flood probability as follows: Low: warnings will be sent to concerned people (government official in charge of disaster

prevention) via emails Tentative: warnings will be sent to concerned people via SMSs (including government official

in charge of disaster prevention, local mayor and other department of district government)



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Imminent: loud sound/light will be activated at the site of dangerous location (overflooded bridges, villages etc.)

One issue that may arise during the operation of the system is that false alarms may happen as a result of either equipment failure or something obstructs or interferes with the sensors. One solution is to use many inputs, such as weather sensor to validate the data from the sensors (for example, if the weather is sunny then a high-level data from water-level sensor will be discarded as false. On the server-side, The Web server receives data from sensor nodes via gateway at Nam Tra My, and then the alarm will be activated when the water level is higher than previously known flood level. To prevent false alarm, the alarm only be sent based on the following conditions:

both water sensors report high level, and water speed is fast weather sensor reports high rain volume

The warning message will be sent either by SMS and email depending on the emergency of the alarm. The procedure to send data will be as follows:

02 water level sensor and 01 water speed sensor will send data periodically to server In rainny season low water level, the sensor will send data every 30 seconds, when the water

level is higher then the server will request to send data more frequently at every 10s At dry season when weather is sunny, then the sending interval will be set to 10 to 30

minutes, or even one or twice a day The whole system can be configured automatically or can be set manually based on local

weather condition



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9. Installation and Experimentation of “Sensor, M2M, Cloud and Warning system”

After the experiment with the prototype, we found that RasperyPi platform consumes a lot of power and the node will be heated too much so that it might freeze in summer time. So the deployed system will use ARM Cortex chip instead as follows:

Figure: Hardware design of real nodes

The gateway, sensor nodes and alarm node will be powered by polar power, with: 50W solar panel and 10Ah VLRA battery, equaling to approximately 30 days of continuous working for sensor and 15 days for Gateway without sunlight. After the hardware and software of the system are ready, they have been installed with the following agenda: Members of installation team: Team from PTIT: 4 technicians, supported by Dr. Vu Truong Thanh and Dr. Dang Hoai Bac Personnel from Quang Nam Province: IT Technicians from the Department of Information and Communications Departments Officials from the Division of Agriculture and IT team of Nam Tra My District



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The installation was carried out according to the following schedule: Date Activities 31st March Preparation of all poles and supportive steel structure Wed (April 1st): PTIT team move to Tamky District, Quang Nam Thu (April 2nd): PTIT team Arrive at Nam Tra My,Quang Nam Friday (April 3rd): Morning: agree on schedule with People Committee of Nam Tra My and Quang

Nam DIC, Afternoon: survey of installation location for gateway and sensor nodes (Tentatively at the bridge across the village)

Saturday (April 4th):

Morning: Decide on installation location, start construction of pole’s foundation. Afternoon: Move to Quang Nam DIC to install server side software

Monday (April 6th) Tuesday (April 7th)

Install gateway, sensor nodes.

Wednesday (April 8th) Thursday (April 9th)

Move to Quang Nam DIC to confirm of working condition of hardware and software

Friday(April 10th)

Training and transfer of technology to IT team of Namtramy District and Quang Nam DIC

At the end of the installation, the system is operating according to above designation. The description of the server-side software is provided in the annexes.



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10. Evaluation and presentation On April 13th and 14th the evaluation of the project has been carried out in accordance with the following agenda: Date: 13/04/2015 Location: Nam Tra My District

Time What Participants

08:00-10:30 Move to Nam Tra My Dist. All

10:30-10:45 Have a meeting with the people’s committee of Nam

Tra My District All

10:30-12:00 Visit local computer system and sensor system All

14:00-16:00

Visit weather observing system at local schools and

train a specific school on the skills of natural disaster

response

All

(trained by Japan delegation)

16:00-18:30 Come back Tam Ky City All



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Date: 14/04/2015

Location: Tam Ky City

Time What Presenters

9:00-9:05 Opening Address, Introduction about the workshop

content and delegates DIC of Quang Nam Province

9:05-9:25 Welcome Address by Leaders of

Province/MIC/Department/District

Leaders of Quang Nam

Province/ MIC/DIC

9:25-9:40 Welcome Address by the representative of Japan

Delegation Japan Delegation

9:40-9:55 Introduction about APT Project’s contents and

activities

DIC of Quang Nam Province

with the support of PTIT

9:55-10:15 Introduction about Flood Warning System PTIT

10:15-10:35 The Flood Warning System Demo



10:35-10:50 Tea Break

10:50-11:05 Introduction about natural disaster response training

courses Japan Delegation

11:05-11:20 Local Flood Warning System Use and Future Plan



11:20-11:30 Open Discussion and local server system tour All delegates

11:30-11:40 Closing Statement by Japan Delegation Japan Delegation

11:40-11:50 Closing Statement by Provincial Leaders

Leaders of Quang Nam

Province/MIC/DIC

11:50-12:00 Photo Taking All delegates



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Participant at the evaluation workshop were: • Ministry of Information and Communications (MIC) :

• Leaders of Quang Nam Province:

• Leaders of relevant Departments, the Committee for Flood and Storm Prevention and

Control of Central Vietnam:

• Japan Delegation:

- Prof. Yoshiyori Urano, Waseda University;

- Prof. Norio Shiratori, Waseda University;

- Dr. Shinji Kitagami, Waseda University;

- Mrs Masako Nameki, Waseda University;

- Mr Masazumi Inoue, KDDI Group;

- Mr Yosuke Uchiyama, KDDI Group;

• Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology (PTIT):

- Dr. Dang Hoai Bac, Head of Science, Technology and International Cooperation

Department cum Dean of Electrical, Electronics Engineering Faculty, PTIT.

- Dr. Vu Truong Thanh, Lecturer of Telecommunications Faculty, PTIT.

The participants highly regarded the activities and result of the experiments. The opening speech by the Vice Chairman of Quang Nam People Committee and the closing statement by the Director of Department of Information and Communications are attached to the annexes. Some photo of the field visit: Sensor and transmitter Alarm at the downstream Weather station to measure Teaching disaster risk at local high school



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Some photos of the workshop:



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11. Accounting (Final Status) Refer to attached accounting report following last page of this activity report. As the results of this APT J2 project accounting after the completion; Since we had discussion about the phases of the installation and evaluation to short the installation and early operation in the area (before flashflood is often occurred), most of days for installation was practically executed by those students under Dr. Thanh class room in PTIT in Hanoi and in Nam Tra Mi with his laboratory budget. And then, we decided that all of three activities (installation together, workshop, evaluation and ceremony) would be made one time with longer days. In the meeting and research in Tokyo, the requirement of disaster risk education was added in the installation activities. As the results, KDDI foundation decided to donate the weather measurement tools to local schools for students to understand of the weather parameters and phenomena. 5 weather stations of Davis instrument in USA were shipped and installed 4 elementary/middle/high schools and one local government house. That can be measured temperature/humidity (inside/outside), rain fall, wind and so on. Therefore, Total amount of expense, including due to big currency exchange rate difference and donation, was saved about 15% of the approved budget.

1. Expected approved budget (JPY) 5,874,701 2. Total expense 5,029,687 3. Donation by KDDI foundation (JPY) 430,294 4. Initial bank transfer from APT(JPY) 3,371,807 5. Requested amount of rest (JPY) 1,227,586



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Below is the summary of the accounting report;



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12. Conclusion and recommendation An M2M system for early Flash flood warning based on M2M technology has been successfully developed and installed in Namtramy District, Quang Nam province, as a result of the cooperation in survey, research and development between Quang Nam DIC, PTIT of Viet Nam and KDDI Foundation, Waseda University of Japan. The project was well received and appraised by the local government, the local people and Vietnamese expert on the field.

However, through the activities of the project, we learnt from the Japanese experts, as well as

from discussion with local people, that installing the system alone cannot fully address the flash

flood problem. To maximize the benefit of using ICT solutions in preventing disaster, proper

training and education in disaster prevention and relief are also of immense importance.

Therefore, we propose to incorporate an e-Learning system to be developed and incorporated with

appropriate course materials on disaster prevention to provide people with appropriate

information on what to do during a disaster, including flash flood. The future system should also

include a portal website for disaster will be developed to automatically gather information from

various sources and then disseminate the information to interested people, since there are many

sources of information relating to disaster prevention and relief, but it is very difficult for the local

government officials, as well as local residents to learn about these resources to obtain useful

information. The propose system is depicted below:

Internet

Field SensorM2M Mesh NW

E-Learning Server Application(course materials/LMS)

Web Portal for Disaster

Alarm: SMS by Cellphone, LED board, Warning Light, Horn/Speaker

Alarm via mobile network

Data from various website/information sources

M2M monitor Server Application

Internet

Automatically download information or input by officials and experts

3G Connection

Weather Observation Station

Information disseminate to users via Internet (PC/Smart devices)

Courseware freely accessible though the Internet

Mountainous Village

Mobile network

Government Officials

Information dissemination through emails and webpages

Spring or stream having flash flood

Zigbee and other Wireless communication technology



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13. Acknowledgement

• We would like to thank APT for sponsor this HDR exchange program

• We would also like to thank members of MIC of Vietnam, MIC of Japan, KDDI Foundation, Waseda University, PTIT for supporting us during the implementation of the project.



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1st flight from Tokyo to Danang, directly, which we got on. At Nam Tra Mi City hall At Disaster management center At International Department, MIC Vietnam. At Hanoi Institute of Technology At NIICS, Hanoi, Vietnam At Meteorological Agency in Vietnam



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14. Annex:

1-1. ACCOUNTING REPORT

See Attached sheet in last as the accounting report in detailed including the receipts.

1-2. EXPERIMENTAL REPORT FOR DEVELOPING THE M2M DEVICE WITH SENSOR

See following pages for detailed report to make the M2M device for using field, practically.



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Date: September 20th, 2014

1. The location of experiment

The location of the experiment was chosen at of the vicinity of Vinh Tuy Bridge in Hanoi. It was selected for being spacious enough to implement and safe for the members joining the experiment.

Figure 1: A view of experiment location



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Members of the experiment

Name Roles Activities

Dang Hoai Bac Technical Advisor Monitoring the experiments process, result analysis

Vu Truong Thanh Technical Manager Test case, test procedure, result analysis

Chu Trong Khanh System Development Manager

Implementation of test cases, System tuning, result analysis

Phung Xuan Tu System Development Technician


Nguyen Duc

Thanh

System Development Technician


Nguyen Xuan Thu System Development Technician


Nguyen Thi Bich

Phuong

System Development Technician Project schedule and logistics manager

Implementation of test cases, System tuning, result analysis. Prepare logistic for experiment

Topology of the experiment

40m 70m

Figure 2: Topology of our experiment

Node 1 Node 2

Gateway



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Figure 3: Positioning of Gateway and Node 1

Figure 4: Positioning of Gateway and Node 2



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Figure 5: Positioning of Node 1 & Node 2

Figure 6: An example of setting the ultrasonic sensor over water surface



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1.1 Test case #1 : Testing of sensor data transmission

Purpose of experiment

The purpose of the experiment is to test the ability of sensing water level of ultrasonic

sensors in practical environment, as well as to test the ability to transmit data from sensor node to gateway

Experiment setting

The experiment system included 2 Node and 1 Gateway. We set up 2 Node to measure the distance from the ultrasonic sensor to the water surface and automatically send data to the Gateway. Sensor node sends data packet to Gateway every one second. 1 data packet from each Node has the following format:

Starting letter

MAC Address

IP Address

Distance data

Ending letter

Depending on the packet header, Gateway knows whether the data is coming from Node

1 or Node 2.

Implementation of experiment

To check the degree of accuracy of sensor we used 2 laptop computer for remote desktop connection into two of Raspberry Pi on Node1 and Gateway for reading and comparing the real distance measured by ruler and the data read by the Sensor Node & the data the Gateway received from the Sensor Node.



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Figure 7: A member in green was reading parameter from Node by remote Desktop connection into Raspberry Pi

Result of Experiment:

The sensor reads the water level correctly within the designed length. Regarding transmission, with the relatively close distance (and no obstruction), all the data are received correctly.



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1.2 est case #2: Reading of temperature of Sensor node

Figure 8: Temperature testing


To ensure that all Nodes and Gateway are in sustain condition after running for hours or when the temperature outside is too high.

Experiment setting

In this experiment, we logged in Raspberry Pi by remote desktop connection and implement the command line in LXTerminal.


After sending this command: “cat/sys/class/thermal/themal_zone/temp” in LXterminal, Raspberry Pi sent back it’s temperature at that time.

Result of experiment:

Normally, when Raspberry Pi are running, it’s temperature is always high. So there is a problem that in the hotter days in the summer in Vietnam, outside temperature is up to 39oC, the system cannot operate well.



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1.3 Test case #3 : Send command from Gateway for querying status


The goal of this experiment is keeping track of Node’s status to know if they are running well or not.

Experiment setting

We configured Gateway to send a fixed packet to each Node. For Node 1, the fixed packet is “XA1B1C1D” For Node2, the fixed packet is “XA2B2C2D”. If the Node is alive & received the right fixed packet which has format like above , it

sends back a data packet to inform its measurement status.


From Gateway, we sent a fixed packet to each Node, the Node sent back a packet to inform its measurement status.


In this experiment, all Nodes are in good condition, they automatically sent back they’re data packet properly. We also designed an algorithm to compare the data getting from Node1 with from Node2, if they have a big different from each other, we can conclude at least one Node is not working well, so that we can avoid from wrong warning.

1.4 Test case#4 : Controlling LED from Gateway

Purpose of experiment :

We consider that in case of emergency, it will take a lot of time to wait this process to be done: the Gateway sends data to Server using 3G connection, Server processes data then sends warning signal using 3G connection to turn on LED. So we decide to let Gateway sends signal to turn on or turn off LED for immediate warning.

Experiment setting :

When receives the data packets from Nodes, Gateway unpacks and gets the water level data then compares with the fixed level to decide to send signal to turn on LED or not. The LED is on just being turned off only when received another signal from Gateway.




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In this case, Gateway automatically sent a signal to turn on LED when it received the distances data from Nodes are below 20cm. And when we make longer distances from sensor to water surface (more than 30cm), LED was turned off by Gateway at that moment.


Gateway sent signal to turn on and off LED correctly & quickly according to the designed purpose.

Server side screen-shots

Figure 9: The result of some measurement received on



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Gateway. Each Node sent a data packet to Gateway every 1 second. In this case, data get from the packet was added a string “Node1” or “Node2” before depending on which Node it comes from then printed into LXTerminal for comparison and checking

Figure 10: A look of User Interface in Localhost




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2. Pending issues of the experiment The experiment shows some difficulties as follows:

• We designed a User Interface in Localhost (Figure 10-15). However, we have not had a real

Server to implement sending requirement to Gateway at the time of experiment.

• We also have not found the type of sensor which have a bigger range of measurement.

Currently, we use the sensor having range of 30cm-2m.

• In other experiments we made before, the maximum distance from Node to Gateway being

not affected by interference was about 100m-150m. We’re afraid of that the distance is not

enough long.

• The Raspberry pi & ATmega8A we using cannot work for hours, it’s temperature will be too

high.



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1-3. SITE SURVEY AND DISCUSSION (MINUTES)

----------Meeting in Quang Nam Province------------

Meeting at Nam Tra My People Committee

Date: 2014/07/17, 10:00~

Location: The Office of the People's Committee of Nam Tra My district, Quang Nam province.

Participants:

+ From The People’s Committee of Nam Tra My district:

- Mr. Le Ngoc Kich - Vice Chairman of the People’s Committee of the District

- Mr. Phung Thi Thuong – Official + From Department of Information and Communications of Quang Nam province:

- Mr. Pham Hong Quang - Deputy Director of the Department

- Mr. Hieu – Official, DIC + From Delegation of Japan:

- Mr. Urano - Professor at Waseda University

- Mr. Uchiyama - Senior Official at KDDU

- Ms. Nameki - Official at Waseda University + From Posts and telecommunications institute of technology:

- Mr. Dang Hoai Bac - Head of Electronics Department

- Mr. Vu Truong Thanh - Official at Posts and telecommunications institute of technology

- Mr. Nguyen Hung Tin - Posts and telecommunications institute of technology 1. Meeting content

- Comrade Le Ngoc Kich introduced about status of the local: Area of Nam Tra My district is about 82,000 km2, terrain includes mostly mountains and rivers. There are 215 residential points disposing

dispersedly along some branches of rivers. Because of global climate change, this area has been

witnessed many flash flooding and landslide recently.

- Professor Urano presented some projects which has been taken in Vietnam through JICA, and he also has many ones to support Vietnam, the second home to him. Then, he introduced Mr. Uchiyama like

the main responsible person for this project.

- Mr. Uchiyama introduced generaly about KDDI and the fund DA supporting Vietnam. He wish there are more and more co-operative projects to elevate the relationship between Vietnam and Japan.

2. Reality of scene exploration

There are some places along branches of rivers which often have flash flood:

- Location 1: Song La bridge, which has the width is 5m and the length is 70m. It plays an important role in connecting Nam Tra My district with others.

- Location 2: Residential area, where there are 10 households – Co Ho ethnic living in. Every time flash floods occur, the whole area would be submerged by 1.2 to 2m.



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3. Discussing the system deployment method

After exploration some locations, Mr. Vu Truong Thanh proposed to deploy a flash flooding alarm

system.

This system includes:

- 3 sensors measuring water levels would be placed in 2 branches of the aid river and a branch of the main river across Song La bridge.

- A system of lights and loudspeakers to warn people.

- A system which updating and processing database system, would be placed nearly schools. 4. Some questions and proposition

From Delegation of Japan:

- Did the local have any weather prediction center?

- In case of flash flood, how did authority warn people?

- Requirement of a power room to supply the processing database center with energy.

- Delegation of Japan also needs support from the authority in maintaining the system every year (after installing)

- Requiring some basic parameters about water level and water speed when flash floods occur.

Meeting at Quang Nam DIC

Date: 2014/07/18, 14:00~

I. Participants

- From Delegation of Japan:

Professor Urano - Waseda University

Mr. Uchiyama - KDDI Foundation

Ms. Nameki - fellow at Waseda University.

- From Information and Communications Department of Quang Nam province:

Ms. Pham Thi Ngoc Quyen - Deputy Director of the Department of Information and Communications of

Quang Nam province

Mr. Truong Thai Son – Head, IT Division, Quang Nam DIC

Mr. Do Minh Tien – Head, Finance and Planning Division, Quang Nam DIC

Representative from the Flood and Storm Prevention Committee

Other officials in the Information and Communications Department of Quang Nam province.

- From Posts and telecommunications institute of technology:

Mr. Vu Truong Thanh – Posts and telecommunications institute of technology

Mr. Nguyen Hung Tin - Posts and telecommunications institute of technology



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II. Contents of the meeting

1. The presentation made by Delegation of Japan

- Professor Urano presented some projects which has been taken in Vietnam through JICA, and he also

had many ones to support Vietnam, the second home to him. Then, he introduced Mr. Uchiyama like

the main responsible person for this project.

- Mr. Uchiyama introduced generally about KDDI and a supporting fund for the project in Vietnam. He

wish there are more and more co-operative projects to elevate the relationship between Vietnam and

Japan. Besides, he also presented some such projects in framework of the international cooperation

APT Asia Pacific as E-learning system, Remote medical, Control Class.

- The flash flood warning system ratified in this program would comply with this model:

+ There are 3 sensors will be placed along branches of the river, towards headwaters

+ Computing and storing center could be built at a place having power, such as schools or the Office of

the People's Committee of the district

+ A powerful system of lights and loudspeakers.

2. The presentation made by Information and Communications Department of Quang Nam province

- Water levels in almost rivers in Quang Nam province depends on Song-Tranh Dam.

- Representative of The Department also presented some online applications which can be used to

measure water levels and warn about flash floods.

- Dams at the hydropower reservoir are using modern measuring water level systems and up-to-date

database which can be seen at these websites: http:// hochuavietnam.vn and quangnam.kttv.vn.

- The Representative expressed that they expect thorough measure from specialists and wish that the

system would be operational soon, that means this system can serve people in Nam Tra My district

while this model would be spread out.



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----------Meeting in Hanoi-----------

July, 21st, 2014

1. Meeting at MIC from 14:00

From MIC:

Ms. Tran Thu Ha, Vice Director, International Cooperation Department

Mr. Dao Ngoc Tuyen, Official, ICD

From PTIT:

- Dr. Dang Hoai Bac, - Head of Electronics Department

- Dr. Nguyen Ngoc Minh, Vice Head of Electronics Department

MIC side :

• Quang Nam province has disasters per year like flashflood, earthquake, storm…

• Quang Nam government is lack of resources, technologies.. this project is very important

to Quang Nam people.

• Want Japan side introduces simple, easy installing system because of economic issue

• This September, Ms. Ha will attend APT meeting, she will find more support for other

project. ( APT’s very sensitive with disaster, climate…)

• MIC is currently submitting 4 project to ITU

Japan side :

• Evaluates Quang Nam province especially Nam Tra My district is good location to deploy

this project.

• Wonder how to alarm to people and government about the disaster, in Japan , they have

deployed the alarm system. They want the Quang Nam people & government will

evaluate the effect of alarm system.

• Propose VN should have a program to train people in mountain areas how to escape from

disaster. At Japan, in School or even kindergarten , the kid is taught about disaster

prevention as life skills.

2. Meeting with NISCI at PTIT Head Quarter from 16:00

NISCI side

- Mr Son introduce their system : “ Vn-Japan cooperation monitoring & sensor network system

in Can Tho City”

- He explains about the components of system and their roles. Sensors were provided by

Panasonic ( camera, water level, wind speed, temperature sensors…)



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- He also show the real-time data on cloud but because of weak Internet connection, almost

can’t see the data.

Japan side

- Have some questions about real data & sensor…

- Ask about alarm system but NISCI have not had such functionality on their system.

July, 22nd , 2014

1. Meeting at PTIT ( Hadong Campus), from 10:00 AM

PTIT side :

• Introduce about PTIT

• Dr.Bac introduces some feature of this project & the activities in Quang Nam province.

• Dr. Lam thanks Japan’s team for their effort & cooperation, he supposes this project to

have a big humanitarian and hope the relationship between PTIT & Waseda will develop

more than that. He also talks about E-learning which is strongpoint of PTIT, he want to have

a training program for local people how to rescue themselves.

• PTIT’s student team then make a demonstration of a sensor node for water level, connecting

to server via 3G

Japan side :

• Appreciate the good relationship between PTIT & Waseda in many years

• Evaluate this is the important ICT application. In Japan, there are projects about flashflood

and nature disaster like this project.

• After this project, they want to continue to cooperate with Vietnam in other projects.

• They want PTIT to joint in a workshop about disaster preventing in Japan in Oct, 2014

July, 23rd , 2014

1. Meeting at National Centre for Hydro- Meteorological Forecasting

NCHMF side :

• Describe about the current system for weather forecasting

• Show the real time data and maps about hydro data, …

• There are 74 Station( water level station, hydro station, raining station) from Quang Binh to

Quang Ngai ( ODA fund from Italia 2010). But there is not a automatic station in Nam Tra

My province.

• Talk about flashflood warning system in Son La



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• Describe NAM, MIKE 11,… and application to calculate and show data for forecasting.

Japan side :

• Evaluate Nam Tra My is the good place to exploit system, it is very emergence for local

people.

• Ask about the structure of forecast system, about applications used in system.

2. Meeting at Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development from 15:00

Japan side :

• Ask about the role, purpose of Disaster Management Center.

• Ask How to rescue people from disaster.

• How to direct local government to have good decision in disaster area.

• Ask support from MARD when implement the project.

MARD side :

• Talk about the structure of MARD, they manager the nature disaster in the hole country.

• Get information from National Centre for Hydro- Meteorological Forecasting.

• Cooperate with Ministry of Defense to help local people and have right decision on time.

• Inform to people by T.V, radio, and inform to local government by telephone.

• Loud speaker inform & Evacuate people to public building.

• When exploit system, need to ask certificate from National Centre for Hydro-

Meteorological Forecasting, and the system will be controlled by it.

July, 25th, 2014 from 11:00

Meeting at HUT

HUT side :

• Introduce 3 testing system in their laboratory: early fire warning system & automatically

spray in forest ; automatic toll collection system; using camera & sensor to identify

somebody enters the building or park…

Japanese side

• Ask about the structure of a node, how each component of the system interact with each

other.



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1-4. SERVER DESCRIPTION AND USER GUIDE FOR M2M SYSTEM FOR FLASH FLOOD EARLY WARNING

1.HOME

There are 2 kind of user: free user and admin user Free user can watch the data from HOME, REPORT,

CHART but cannot send command or meddle to system.

Admin user have all permission: read data, control system, config or change them in CONTROL, CONFIG, INFORMATION



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Home is the homepage, show the data from Nam Tra My. Data: distance from sensor to surface water from node 1 and 2, water speed (l/min) from node 3.

2. REPORT



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Report save all warning from server to user by email or sms, warning by lamp or horn at Nam Tra My.

3. CONTROL



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Only admin can access this page. CONTROL use to control all devices at Nam Tra My. We can turn the lamp on or off, config the data retrieve time or add phone number, email address to send the warning



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4. CHART

’

Show the data in chart. Data is shown base on date, month or year.



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5. CONFIG

Set the alert level. When data over the level, system take a warning. Level is divided into A, B or C. For admin user only.



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6. INFORMATION

INFORMATION: for user only.◦ Save all information of system.



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1. HOME Can select how much record are shown in home page

Search record base on time or another parameter…



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Click Time tab to arrange record: earliest or lates

REPORT: show all warning and command what system sent.



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3. CONTROL page for admin only.

REQUEST NODE: send command to node. Select node and “Send Request”



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SET MODE: select mode A, B or C which were setted in CONFIG

LED: Control signalling lamp



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DATABASE: add email address and phone number to send warning.

4. CHART: show data on date, month or year



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5. CONFIG: config alert theshold for all node. We have fill all 3 parameter then click “Send config threshold” to send command to node.

SET MODE A/B/C is set the data retrieve frequency (field can be blank). Send All Config get all parameter from field and send to node



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6. IFORMATION: show system’s data in tabs



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1-5. CURRENT STATUS OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN VIETNAM

According to the Central Committee on Storm and Flood Control, Vietnam is one of the countries most affected by extreme weather phenomena in the past two decades, and ranks 3rd in 2008. In Vietnam, each year natural disasters claim roughly lives of 466 people, damages totaled more than 1.5 billion, equivalent to about 1.5% of GDP. Disasters are evolving to be more complex and unpredictable, increasing in frequency and intensity, especially in the context of climate change whereas Vietnam is one of the most heavily affected countries The frequency of natural hazards in Vietnam is displayed in the table below.

HIGH MEDIUM LOW

Floods, waterlogging Hail and heavy rain

Earthquake

Storms, tropical depressions

Landslide Rime

Drought Forest fires Tsunamis

Flash flood Salinization

Erosion / sedimentation

Tornado Some major natural disaster in the period of 1997-2009 is mentioned in the table below

Year Event Death toll

Injured people

Affected areas

2009 Ketsana storm 179 1.140 15 Province in central and highland

2008 Kammuri storm 133 91 09 Province in Northern and Central

2007 Lekima storm 88 180 17 Province in Northern and Central

2006 Xangsane storm 72 532 15 Province in Southern and Central

2005 No. 7 storm 68 28 12 Province in Northern and Central

2004 No.2 storm 23 22 05 Province in Central



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2003 Heavy rain and flood

65 33 09 Province in Central

2002 Very big flood 171 Mekong Delta

2000 Flash floods 28 27 05 Province in Northern

1999 Very big flood 595 275 10 Province in central

1997 Linda Storm 778 1.232 21 Province in central and southern

Flash flood is rapid flood which occurred suddenly on the mountain rivers, maintained for a short period (raise and retreat fast), very strong flow with high solids content and devastating effect. It is a type of natural phenomenon that happens when heavy rains with high intensity at basin with steep slopes, fragmented terrain and sparsely covered with trees due to deforestation. Flash floods typically happen in a short period (3-6 hours), at night, in the first month of flooding seasons (June, July in North, Central Highlands, September, October at Central).

Floods, landslides frequently occur in the following provinces: Northen:

Lao Cai, Ha Giang, Lai Chau, Son La, Cao Bang, Bac Can, Yen Bai, Central:

Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Nam, Kon Tum, Gia Lai, Dac Lac, Binh Thuan From 2000 to 2014:

250 flash floods, landslides affected residential areas, 646 dead and missing , injured nearly 351 people; More than 9,700 homes were poured away; more than 100,000 homes were flooded

and damaged; More than 75,000 hectares of rice and vegetables are damaged ; hundreds of hectares

of farmland were buried; many traffic works, irrigation, economic infrastructure heavily damaged

Estimated damaged of over 3,300 billion VND (160 mil USD) In 2003, Floods after the 11th Typhoon in 2013 had left 27 dead or missing, including dead or

missing due to floods and landslides after storm is 22 people; Floods after the 15th Typhoon in 2013 had left 47 dead or missing including 38 people swept

away; Floods and landslides after the 2nd Typhoon in 2014 had left 32 dead or missing, including 21

dead or missing due to floods, 07 dead due to landslides.



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1-6. VIETNAMESE LAW ON DISASTERS PREVENTION

In 2013, Congress also approved the Law on Disasters Prevention as the basis for ministries and localities to implement effective measures for the prevention of natural disasters including floods, flash floods and landslides

The Government issued Decree No. 08/2006 / ND-CP dated January 16th, 2006 stipulating in detailing some articles of ordinance on flood, storm Prevention and Prevention which regulates the tasks of the Ministry, branches and localities in the prevention and overcoming of consequences of natural disasters

The Prime Minister issued Directive 32/2004 / CT-TTg dated September 17th , 2004 proposing immediate measures and long term to build programs to prevent flash floods, landslides;

The Prime Minister issued Decision No. 172/2007 / QD-TTg approving the “National Strategy for Prevention and Disaster Reduction 2020” which identified concrete orientations and measures to prevent major floods, landslide landslides mountainous region and the Central Highlands;

The Prime Minister issued Decision No. 1002 / QD-TTg dated July 13th, 2009 of the Project for “Improving public awareness of disaster management and community based"; Promulgation and implementation of the program on population distribution areas: disasters, rural , border, island and free migration, SUF;

Solutions Suggested by Government Agencies regarding improving disaster prevention and relief: To prioritize the allocation of capital to support local to complete early relocation plan of

organize, stabilize people's lives in areas frequently occurring disasters and high hazard areas occurring flash floods, landslides.

Accelerate the migration program for disaster – affected areas and resettlement, assistance programs to support the poor, zoning and build warning systems for areas prone to flash floods, landslides, new countryside, raise community awareness and disaster risk management based community ...

Support funding for procurement of essential equipment and service in the search and rescue mission; installation of flood, flash flood warning systems in the disaster high risk zones on the floods, landslides;

Also, the Prime Minister has promulgate the “NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR NATURAL DISASTER PREVENTION, RESPONSE AND MITIGATION TO 2020”, which mandates the following regarding the application of science and technology for disaster prevention:



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Develop science and technologies related to natural disaster prevention, response and mitigation.

Promote basic investigation and investment for scientific research and new technology application in disaster prevention, response and mitigation.

Modernize early warning systems from Central, regional to local levels, focusing on efficient communication methods especially for mountainous areas, territorial water and remote areas.

The State encourages the application of advanced scientific and technological achievements to improve capacities of disaster forecast, prediction, warning, and communication; to improve research capacities to observe the Earth’s variability and natural changes in the region and territory; encourages the application of advanced technology and new materials for disaster prevention, response and mitigation

Step by step develop scientific sectors related to disaster: emergencies, disaster management, sustainable development, health care, post-disaster environmental and production recovery.

1-7. SPEECHES AT THE EVALUATION WORKSHOP

A. Opening speech by the Vice Chairman of People Committee Ladies and Gentlemen! Distinguished guests! Firstly, on behalf of the People's Committee of Quang Nam province please send comrades, gentlemen wishes for health and happiness, wish our workshop to be successfully concluded. Ladies and Gentlemen! Quang Nam is one of the country's localities influenced by climate change and natural disasters. Annually, the province happened many droughts, floods caused great material damage and life for people. Quang Nam province with particular is widespread, complex terrain, flooding usually occurs very rapidly concentrated in a short time to work forecasting, limiting the harmful effects of the disaster are still many difficulties. Therefore, the development of early warning systems using modern technology, effective operations contribute to enhancing the capacities of forecasting, prevention and mitigation of natural disasters is one of the main issues of concern Authorities at all levels as well as people in the province in recent years. Therefore, the project "Monitoring and flash flood early warning using M2M technology and cloud computing" - the program of cooperation between the Ministry of Information and Communications, Department of Information and Communications of Quang Nam province, Learning Technology Institute of Posts and Telecommunications, KDDI Corporation and Waseda University, Japan - has received great attention in the



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province, the local government of the people as well as implementation. The project was designed to serve the purpose of warning and disaster prediction more accurate through the use of technology solutions to M2M (Machine to Machine) and cloud computing. The system used is capable of detecting early changes water level of rivers and streams in the upstream, thus early detection of the risk of flash floods and announced to the people to mitigate the damage caused by natural disasters out. Ladies and Gentlemen! The project was implemented from September to December 4/2015 3/2014 on Nam Tra My district with main activities as follows:

+ Survey weather conditions in the mountains in Nam Tra My district; + Survey Solutions of local government in the face of floods and their

consequences; + Research applying disaster prevention measures in developed countries like

Japan to Vietnam, which consider the differences in climate, geography, costs ...;

+ Use of M2M technology and cloud computing is the technical solution to the problem of flood prevention;

+ Developing the server and information processing applications, send SMS or email alert when flood risk occur;

+ Developing GUI system enables local governments and people can observe and monitor information from the server.

I hope at this conference, delegates will participate in discussions, make comments, effective solutions to the system be used and maintain efficient operations, sustainability, attracting community involvement, bringing practical benefits for indigenous peoples. I believe, the success of this project not only contributes to preventing, mitigating the damage caused by natural disasters in the area but would become a model of points, which may extend to study a wide range more, creating a powerful tool to protect people contribute to the effects frequent, unpredictable climate change. On this occasion, I would like on behalf of the People's Committee of Quang Nam province health greetings and thanks for the cooperation and your companion delegates, the Ministry of Information and Communications, Missions from KDDI, Waseda University, and Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology. Wish for our conference a great success.



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B. Closing statement by the Director of Department of Information and Communications of Quang Nam Province

Distinguish guests, Ladies and gentlemen,. In the space of more than 3 hours of seminars, as you already know: We are living in a new era, the era of IT flourished. IT has developed a high step that is digitizing all information data, strong rotation and connect us all together. All kinds of information, audio data, images can be taken on digital format to any computer that can store, process and forward to many. Through the project, MONITORING AND FLASH FLOOD EARLY WARNING USING M2M TECHNOLOGY AND CLOUD COMPUTING has focused on ICT solutions for the management of floods and early warning for the people around. And more specifically, for early detection of floods and water levels upstream in Nam Tra My. It will help people here knew about the risk and have time to evacuate to safe areas. The information is provided by the system will help the government and people in the fight against extreme natural disasters in the following aspects: • Raising awareness of local authorities and people about the harmful effects of deforestation as well as the necessity of flood prevention. • Give people information about the condition, the risk and severity of the damage, the danger, warns the different levels when heavy rains and flash floods risk directly on the audio system alarm and light so that the government and the people have to cope emergency. • Through data collection applications will analyze and report via SMS or email via M2M technology and cloud computing. • Statistics in flash floods each year and its level of local government and meteorological center. Especially the project will show the relationship between precipitation, the harmful effects of indiscriminate logging and flood risk as well as its losses. We can say that this project will bring direct benefits to people living in flood risk areas. Then for the meteorological center in the prevention of natural disasters, finally, the necessary information for local authorities to make disaster prevention measures effective in planning proposed land public welfare, horticulture, animal husbandry most logical way.



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Moreover, the project will develop a new approach, a new direction in warning and disaster control using modern technologies to protect people and the environment in Quang Nam in particular and Vietnam Men in general. Ladies and Gentlemen, Again on behalf of member projects, I would like to thank the Ministry of Information and Communications, Quang Nam province, PTIT, professors, experts from Waseda University, Japan KDDI Corporation, representatives from various departments, city districts, that has contributed to the successful implementation of the project. Thank press reporters for your participation and reporting. I would like to announce the end of the workshop.



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C. Backdrop of the workshop



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1-8. ADF PRESENTATION

Attached some pages of the presentation, please refer to APT web page to get whole presentation material.



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